Age-dependent eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Japanese patients

AIM: To determine the general risk factors affecting the failure rate of first-line eradication therapy in Japanese patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection

Raum-Zeit-Gangparameter während Doppelaufgaben bei pflegebedürftigen älteren und jungen Menschen : Eine Querschnittstudie

Background Up to now there have only been marginal data in the elderly in need of care regarding spatiotemporal gait parameters during single (ST) and dual tasking (DT). Aim The aim of this study was to allocate data for gait speed, cadence and stride length cycle variability in the elderly in need of care and in young adults during ST and DT, to compare the two groups and to demonstrate the impact of ST and DT on gait parameters. Material and methods This cross-sectional study investigated a group of 16 young healthy adults (mean age 23.0 ± 2.5 years) and a group of 16 elderly persons in need of care (mean age 85.5 ± 0.6 years). The RehaWatch® system was used to collect the spatiotemporal gait parameters cadence, speed and stride length. The participants completed four different measurements during normal walking and fast walking during ST and DT over a walking distance of 20 m. The Wilcoxon rank sum test and Whitney-U test were used for statistical analysis. Results Gait speed (ST and DT: p < 0.001), cadence (ST and DT: p < 0.001) and gait variability (ST: p = 0.007, DT: p = 0.003) were significantly reduced in the elderly in need of care group compared to the young group. The gait speed in the elderly in need of care group decreased from normal to fast walking (ST = − 2.8 %, DT = − 12.2 %) compared to the young group (ST = 31.5 %, DT = 25.2 %). Conclusion The results of this study are comparable with the results of existing studies, which investigated falling and non-falling participants. Elderly people in need of care cannot increase the normal gait speed. Keywords Attention physiology Frailty Gait parameters Cross-sectional study Disability evaluationHintergrund Bisher gibt es kaum Daten von pflegebedürftigen älteren Menschen bezüglich Gangparameter während Einfach- (EA) und Doppelaufgaben (DA). Ziel Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, Gangparameter wie Gehgeschwindigkeit, Kadenz und Gangvariabilität der Doppelschrittlänge bei pflegebedürftigen älteren und jungen gesunden Probanden zu erheben, innerhalb der und zwischen den Gruppen zu vergleichen und die Auswirkungen von EA und DA auf die Gangparameter aufzuzeigen. Material und Methoden In dieser Querschnittstudie wurde eine Gruppe von 16 jungen gesunden (23,0 ± 2,5 Jahre) und eine Gruppe von 16 pflegebedürftigen Probanden (85,5 ± 0,6 Jahre) untersucht. Mit Hilfe des RehaWatch®-Systems wurden Gehgeschwindigkeit, Kadenz, und Gangvariabilität der Doppelschrittlänge erhoben. Hierbei wurden 4 verschiedene Messdurchgänge während normalen und schnellen Gehens unter EA und DA auf einer Gehstrecke von 20 m absolviert. Für die statistische Auswertung wurden der Wilcoxon-Rang-Summentest und der Mann-Whitney-U-Test verwendet. Ergebnisse Gehgeschwindigkeit (EA und DA: p < 0,001), Kadenz (EA und DA: p < 0,001) und Gangvariabilität der Doppelschrittlänge (EA: p = 0,007, DA: p = 0,003) sind bei der pflegebedürftigen Gruppe signifikant niedriger in der Gruppe der jungen Probanden. Die Gehgeschwindigkeit in der pflegebedürftigen Gruppe reduzierte sich vom normal schnellen zum schnellen Gehen (EA = − 2,8 %, DA = − 12,2 %) im Vergleich zur jungen Gruppe (EA = 31,5 %, DA = 25,2 %). Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung sind vergleichbar mit denen früherer Untersuchungen in denen ältere Probanden nach Sturzereignissen und jüngere Probanden untersucht wurden. Pflegebedürftige Ältere können ihre normale Gehgeschwindigkeit nicht mehr steigern. Schlüsselwörter Aufmerksamkeitsphysiologie Gebrechlichkeit Gangparameter Querschnittstudie Evaluierung von Behinderunge

Usefulness of a novel slim type FlushKnife-BT over conventional FlushKnife-BT in esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection

AIM To investigated the usefulness of a novel slim type balltipped FlushKnife (FlushKnife-BTS) over ball-tipped FlushKnife (FlushKnife-BT) in functional experiments and clinical practice. METHODS In order to evaluate the functionality of FlushKnife-BTS, water aspiration speed, resistance to knife insertion through the scope, and waterjet flushing speed were compared between FlushKnife-BTS and BT. In clinical practice, esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) performed using FlushKnife-BTS or BT by an experienced endoscopist between October 2015 and January 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The treatment speed and frequency of removing and reinserting the knife to aspirate fluid and air during ESD sessions were analyzed. RESULTS Functional experiments revealed that water aspiration speed by the endoscope equipped with a 2.8-mm working channel with FlushKnife-BTS was 7.7-fold faster than that with conventional FlushKnife-BT. Resistance to knife insertion inside the scope with a 2.8-mm working channel was reduced by 40% with FlushKnife-BTS. The waterjet flushing speed was faster with the use of FlushKnife-BT. In clinical practice, a comparison of 6 and 7 ESD using FlushKnife-BT and BTS, respectively, revealed that the median treatment speed was 25.5 mm(2)/min (range 19.6-30.3) in the BT group and 44.2 mm(2)/min (range 15.5-55.4) in the BTS group (P = 0.0633). However, the median treatment speed was significantly faster with FlushKnife-BTS when the resection size was larger than 1000 m(2) (n = 4, median 24.2 mm(2)/min, range 19.6-27.7 vs n = 4, median 47.4 mm(2)/min, range 44.2-55.4, P = 0.0209). The frequency of knife replacement was less in the BTS group (median 1.76 times in one hour, range 0-5.45) than in the BT group (7.02 times in one hour, range 4.23-15) (P = 0.0065). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that FlushKnife-BTS enhances the performance of ESD, particularly for large lesions, by improving air and fluid aspiration and knife insertion during ESD and reducing the frequency of knife removal and reinsertion