1,915 research outputs found
Detection of Excess Hard X-ray Emission from the Group of Galaxies HCG62
From the group of galaxies HCG62, we detected an excess hard X-ray emission
in energies above keV with \A SCA. The excess emission is spatially
extended up to from the group center, and somewhat enhanced toward
north. Its spectrum can be represented by either a power-law of photon index
0.8-2.7, or a Bremsstrahlung of temperature keV. In the 2-10 keV range,
the observed hard X-ray flux, erg cm
s, implies a luminosity of erg s for a
Hubble constant of 50 km s Mpc. The emission is thus too luminous
to be attributed to X-ray binaries in the memb er galaxies. We discuss possible
origin of the hard X-ray emission.Comment: 6 pages, 3 Postscript figures, uses emulateapj.sty. Accepted for
publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letter
X-ray Measurements of the Gravitational Potential Profile in the Central Region of the Abell 1060 Cluster of Galaxies
X-ray spectral and imaging data from ASCA and ROSAT were used to measure the
total mass profile in the central region of Abell 1060, a nearby and relatively
poor cluster of galaxies. The ASCA X-ray spectra, after correcting for the
spatial response of the X-ray telescope, show an isothermal distribution of the
intra-cluster medium (ICM) within at least 12' (or kpc;
km sMpc) in radius of the cluster center. The
azimuthally averaged surface brightness profile from the ROSAT PSPC exhibits a
central excess above an isothermal model. The ring-sorted ASCA GIS
spectra and the radial surface brightness distribution from the ROSAT PSPC were
simultaneously utilized to constrain the gravitational potential profile. Some
analytic models of the total mass density profile were examined. The ICM
density profile was also specified by analytic forms. The ICM temperature
distribution was constrained to satisfy the hydrostatic equilibrium, and to be
consistent with the data. Then, the total mass distribution was found to be
described better by the universal dark halo profile proposed by Navarro, Frenk,
and White (1996;1997) than by a King-type model with a flat density core. A
profile with a central cusp together with a logarithmic radial slope of was also consistent with the data. Discussions are made concerning the
estimated dark matter distribution around the cluster center.Comment: 32 pages. Accepted: ApJ 2000, 35 pages, Title was correcte
Lattice dynamics and the electron-phonon interaction in CaRuO
We present a Raman scattering study of CaRuO, in which we investigate
the temperature-dependence of the lattice dynamics and the electron-phonon
interaction below the metal-insulator transition temperature ({\it T}). Raman spectra obtained in a backscattering geometry with light polarized
in the ab-plane reveal 9 B phonon modes (140, 215, 265, 269, 292, 388,
459, 534, and 683 cm) and 9 A phonon modes (126, 192, 204, 251, 304,
322, 356, 395, and 607 cm) for the orthorhombic crystal structure
(PbcaD). With increasing temperature toward {\it T},
the observed phonon modes shift to lower energies and exhibit reduced spectral
weights, reflecting structural changes associated with the elongation of the
RuO octahedra. Interestingly, the phonons exhibit significant increases in
linewidths and asymmetries for {\it T} {\it T}. These results
indicate that there is an increase in the effective number of electrons and the
electron-phonon interaction strengths as the temperature is raised through {\it
T}, suggesting the presence of orbital fluctuations in the
temperature regime {\it T} {\it T} {\it T}.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Rate in Iron-Pnictide Superconductors
Nuclear magnetic relaxation rate 1/T_1 in iron-pnictide superconductors is
calculated using the gap function obtained in a microscopic calculation. Based
on the obtained results, we discuss the issues such as the rapid decrease of
1/T_1 just below the transition temperature and the difference between nodeless
and nodal s-wave gap functions. We also investigate the effect of Coulomb
interaction on 1/T_1 in the random phase approximation and show its importance
in interpreting the experimental results.Comment: Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Materials and
Mechanisms of Superconductivity. To be published in Physica
Optical I-band Linear Polarimetry of the Magnetar 4U 0142+61 with Subaru
The magnetar 4U~0142+61 has been well studied at optical and infrared
wavelengths and is known to have a complicated broad-band spectrum over the
wavelength range. Here we report the result from our linear imaging polarimetry
of the magnetar at optical -band. From the polarimetric observation carried
out with the 8.2-m Subaru telescope, we determine the degree of linear
polarization 3.4\%, or 5.6\% (90\% confidence level).
Considering models suggested for optical emission from magnetars, we discuss
the implications of our result. The upper limit measurement indicates that
different from radio pulsars, magnetars probably would not have strongly
polarized optical emission if the emission arises from their magnetosphere as
suggested.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication on Ap
Active Galaxies and Cluster Gas
Two lines of evidence indicate that active galaxies, principally radio
galaxies, have heated the diffuse hot gas in clusters. The first is the general
need for additional heating to explain the steepness of the X-ray
luminosity--temperature relation in clusters, the second is to solve the
cooling flow problem in cluster cores. The inner core of many clusters is
radiating energy as X-rays on a timescale much shorter than its likely age.
Although the temperature in this region drops by a factor of about 3 from that
of the surrounding gas, little evidence is found for gas much cooler than that.
Some form of heating appears to be taking place, probably by energy transported
outward from the central accreting black hole or radio source. How that energy
heats the gas depends on poorly understood transport properties (conductivity
and viscosity) of the intracluster medium. Viscous heating is discussed as a
possibility. Such heating processes have consequences for the truncation of the
luminosity function of massive galaxies.Comment: 14 pages, 16 fig, Feb 2004 talk for Phil Trans Roy So
A Differential X-Ray Gunn-Peterson Test Using a Giant Cluster Filament
Using CCD detectors onboard the forthcoming X-ray observatories Chandra and
XMM, it is possible to devise a measurement of the absolute density of heavy
elements in the hypothetical warm gas filling intercluster space. This gas may
be the largest reservoir of baryonic matter in the Universe, but even its
existence has not been proven observationally at low redshifts. The proposed
measurement would make use of a unique filament of galaxy clusters spanning
over 700 Mpc (0.1<z<0.2) along the line of sight in a small area of the sky in
Aquarius. The surface density of Abell clusters there is more than 6 times the
sky average. It is likely that the intercluster matter column density is
enhanced by a similar factor, making its detection feasible under certain
optimistic assumptions about its density and elemental abundances. One can
compare photoabsorption depth, mostly in the partially ionized oxygen edges, in
the spectra of clusters at different distances along the filament, looking for
a systematic increase of depth with the distance. The absorption can be
measured by the same detector and through the same Galactic column, hence the
differential test. A CCD moderate energy resolution (about 100 eV) is adequate
for detecting an absorption edge at a known redshift.Comment: Latex, 4 pages, 3 figures, uses emulateapj.sty. ApJ Letters in pres
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