Low-temperature magnetic properties of Al-Pd-Mn-B quasicrystalline alloys

Low-temperature magnetic properties of the Al70-xPd15Mn15Bx icosahedral alloys (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 6) were measured by a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The alloy with x = 0 is a simple spin glass: the thermoremanent magnetization, M-R(t), is characterized by a stretched exponential: M-R(t) = M-1 + M-0 exp[-(t/tau)(beta)]. The alloy with x = 1 is a cluster glass: M-R(t) is also in the stretched exponential form, while the alloy with x = 1.5 is superparamagnetic. In alloys with x = 1 and 1.5, there is a very small amount of a ferromagnetic component. The alloys with 2.5 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 6 are composed of a ferromagnetic component and a superparamagnetic and/or Curie-Weiss paramagnetic one. Therefore, the addition of B significantly changes the magnetic state of the Al-Pd-Mn alloys, owing to the formation and growth of magnetic Mn clusters. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

To respond or not to respond - a personal perspective of intestinal tolerance

For many years, the intestine was one of the poor relations of the immunology world, being a realm inhabited mostly by specialists and those interested in unusual phenomena. However, this has changed dramatically in recent years with the realization of how important the microbiota is in shaping immune function throughout the body, and almost every major immunology institution now includes the intestine as an area of interest. One of the most important aspects of the intestinal immune system is how it discriminates carefully between harmless and harmful antigens, in particular, its ability to generate active tolerance to materials such as commensal bacteria and food proteins. This phenomenon has been recognized for more than 100 years, and it is essential for preventing inflammatory disease in the intestine, but its basis remains enigmatic. Here, I discuss the progress that has been made in understanding oral tolerance during my 40 years in the field and highlight the topics that will be the focus of future research

Modulation of cytokine patterns of human autoreactive T cell clones by a single amino acid substitution of their peptide ligand

AbstractWe demonstrate that cognate peptide ligands altered at T call receptor (TCR) contact residues and bound to class II major histocompetability complex can change the cytokine pattern of mature T cell clones. Myelin basic protein peptide 85–99-reactive Th0 T cell clones were stimulated with altered peptide ligands, which acted both as TCR antagonist and induced new mRNA synthesis and protein secretion of TGF-β1, while no longer inducing mRNA synthesis or protein secretion of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IFNγ. The modified peptides failed to induce a detectable calcium flux, p58lck activation, or thymidine Incorporation, yet triggered nearly equal amounts of IL-4 secretion in the presence of ion-omycin. Antigen-induced modulation of T cell cytokine secretion may be important in regulating the immune response

Modulation of cytokine patterns of human autoreactive T cell clones by a single amino acid substitution of their peptide ligand

AbstractWe demonstrate that cognate peptide ligands altered at T call receptor (TCR) contact residues and bound to class II major histocompetability complex can change the cytokine pattern of mature T cell clones. Myelin basic protein peptide 85–99-reactive Th0 T cell clones were stimulated with altered peptide ligands, which acted both as TCR antagonist and induced new mRNA synthesis and protein secretion of TGF-β1, while no longer inducing mRNA synthesis or protein secretion of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IFNγ. The modified peptides failed to induce a detectable calcium flux, p58lck activation, or thymidine Incorporation, yet triggered nearly equal amounts of IL-4 secretion in the presence of ion-omycin. Antigen-induced modulation of T cell cytokine secretion may be important in regulating the immune response

Microscopic study of initial fatigue cracks in two-phase stainless steel

35.00; Translated from Japanese (J. Soc. Mater. Sci. Jpn. 1986 v. 35(393) p. 48-54)SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:9022.06(BISI--25453)T / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Tensile properties of microduplex stainless steel at low temperature

35.00; Translated from Japanese (J. Soc. Mater. Sci. Jpn. 1986 v. 35(393) p. 41-47)SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:9022.06(BISI--25703)T / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo