Studies on regional differences in pre-inspiratory lung volume and pre-inspiratory alveolar N_2 concentration by a single breath method

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。An essential function of the lung is to exchange gas between venous blood and air, so that gas distribution is important only in relation to blood distribution. Yet, no simple method of measuring regional differences in V_A/Q without employing radioactive gases has been introduced after West reported his method in 1957. Even though the measurement of uneven ventilation in the lung by a single breath O_2 method has come into routine use since Fowler's report and it can provide an acceptable index of the presence of regional differences, this method cannot give any index corresponding to a particular region. By the analysis of both Ar and N_2 measured after a single inspiration of Ar-O_2 mixture, we constructed a single compartment model in order to calculate pre-inspiratory lung volume (V_) and pre-inspiratory alveolar N_2 concentration (F_), and we evaluated the changes in V_ and F_ during the test expiration, as indices of regional differences in the ventilation and in the gas-exchange, respectively. Numerical values of V_ and F_ could be also assigned to a series of functional units having regional differences

BIOREMEDIATION OF GROUNDWATER POLLUTED WITH CHLORINATED ETHYLENES

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Medical benefits for workmen under social insurance in Japan

Japan was the first Asian country to introduce social insurance measures and she has expanded them during the last few decades. The first social insurance law was passed in 1922 dealing with worker's health insurance in general. It was followed by many schemes of social insurance. National Health Insurance in 1938, Seamen's Insurance in 1939, Employees' Pension Insurance in 1941 and so forth. After World War II the new Constitution was enacted by which the Japanese Government was made responsible for the provision of medical care services for the whole nation. At present approximately the whole population is covered by either one or more of the various social insurance schemes. The main social insurance programs are shown in Figure 1 and Table 1. Most of these insurance schemes are compulsory under Japanese law. Since it would be too difficult and complicated to explain all of these forms of social insurance in detail, we will discuss only about two schemes directly related to medical care services for the workers; namely, the Health Insurance Scheme for non. occupational diseases and disorders (sickness or injury off the job) and Workmen's Compensation Insurance for occupational diseases and disorders (sickness or injury on the job).</p

MODELING AND SIMULATION OF IN SITU BIOREMEDIATION FOR TCE-CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER THROUGH METHANE INJECTION IN KIMITSU CITY JAPAN

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

PROSPECTS OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS IN JAPAN : ITS PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Vortex state in double transition superconductors

Novel vortex phase and nature of double transition field are investigated by two-component Ginzburg-Landau theory in a situation where fourfold-twofold symmetric superconducting double transition occurs. The deformation from 60 degree triangular vortex lattice and a possibility of the vortex sheet structure are discussed. In the presence of the gradient coupling, the transition changes to a crossover at finite fields. These characters are important to identify the multiple superconducting phase in PrOs_4_Sb_12.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let