Avaliação da capacidade para o trabalho entre auxiliares de enfermagem

O envelhecimento da força de trabalho gera a necessidade de se desenvolver estudos a fim de avaliar a capacidade para o trabalho. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a capacidade para o trabalho de auxiliares de enfermagem de uma instituição pública de saúde. Foi desenvolvido um estudo transversal sobre capacidade para o trabalho desses profissionais em relação às características demográficas, de trabalho e estilo de vida (n=241). Uma análise de regressão logística univariada foi desenvolvida tendo a capacidade para o trabalho inadequada (menor que 37 pontos) como variável dependente. Foi encontrada associação em relação à idade (os mais velhos), ao tempo de trabalho na instituição (o mais antigo), o índice de massa corpórea (obesidade) e o item 1 do índice de capacidade para o trabalho: capacidade de trabalho atual. Essas informações podem ser utilizadas para medidas preventivas e para restaurar a capacidade para o trabalho.Work force aging generates the need to develop studied with the purpose to evaluate work capacity. The objective of this study was to analyze the work capacity of the nursing aides of a public health institute. A cross-sectional study was developed on the work capacity of these professionals regarding their demographic, work and lifestyle characteristics (n=241). A univariate logistic regression analysis was performed with inadequate work capacity (score below 37) as the dependent variable. There was an association with age (the eldest), work time at the institution (the oldest), body mass index (obesity) and item 1 of the work capacities index: present work capacity. This information can be used to create preventive measures and restore work capacity.El envejecimiento de la fuerza laborar genera la necesidad de desarrollar estudios que evalúen la capacidad para el trabajo. Este estudio objetivó analizar la capacidad para el trabajo de auxiliares de enfermería de una institución pública de salud. Se desarrolló estudio transversal sobre capacidad para el trabajo de auxiliares de enfermería en relación a características demográficas, laborales y estilo de vida (n=241). Fue efectuado un análisis de regresión logística univariada, teniendo la capacidad inadecuada para el trabajo

Is the efflux pump inhibitor Verapamil a potential booster for isoniazid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

The membrane-based efflux pump systems are recognized to have an important role in pathogenicity and drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the extrusion of toxic substrates and drugs from the inner bacillus. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro interaction of Verapamil (VP), an efflux pump inhibitor, with the classical first-line anti-tuberculosis drug isoniazid (INH) in resistant and susceptible M. tuberculosis clinical isolates. Seven multidrug-resistant (MDR), three INH monoresistant and four susceptible M. tuberculosis clinical isolates were tested for the INH and VP combination by modified Resazurin Microtiter Assay Plate (REMA). Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) and Modulation Factor (MF) were determined. The INH plus VP combination showed no significant change in the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of INH (FIC≥ 0.5; MF=1 or 2).The use of VP in tuberculosis therapy should be managed carefully, considering the resistance caused by specific mutation in katG and inhA genes, in which the use of these EPIs may have no success. The use of EPIs as an adjunctive drug in the anti-tuberculosis therapy should be further investigated on a larger number of M. tuberculosis clinical isolates with different resistant profile

Silver ion release from electrodes of nanotubes of TiO2 impregnated with Ag nanoparticles applied in photoelectrocatalytic disinfection

Self-organized TiO2 nanotubes arrays electrodes were impregnated with 0-16% of Ag nanoparticles (Ti/TiO2-Ag) using different procedures. The electrodes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and photocurrent vs potential curves. The best results were obtained by electrode prepared by photochemical reduction, after immersion in a solution AgNO3 0.05 M (pH 8). The monitoring of Ag+ lixiviation by anodic stripping voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode indicated that a maximum of 2.5 x 10(-6) M is released in the first 40 min of treatment, but it is neglected when used subsequently. Moreover, the antimicrobial behavior of electrodes Ti/TiO2-Ag applied in photoelectrocatalysis presented 100% disinfection in 3 min by using UV irradiation and 99.6% in 30 min with visible irradiation. In addition, the analysis of silver in solution along the reaction shows a negligible lixiviation and a high stability of the surface silver deposits. Crown Copyright (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Sensitive voltammetric sensor for fast detection of mycolic acids present in mycobacteria

The present work describes a fast, simple, and economic method for electroanalytical detection of mycolic acids (MA) present in the cell envelope of Mycobacterium, Corynebacterium, Nocardia, and Rhodococcus. MA are pre-concentrated on a glassy carbon electrode modified with a poly-L-lysine film, resulting in a well-defined reduction wave at -0.73 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and being the base for detection and quantification of bacteria, like Mycobacterium smegmatis, used as model in this work. The method was optimized and analytical curves were constructed for Mycobacterium smegmatis by using square wave voltammetry. The method offers a detection limit of 5.9 e 10 colony forming units (CFU) mL-1, and the reproducibility for 10 measurements at 1.4 e 102 CFU mL-1 showed a standard deviation of 1.8%. The method was successfully applied for detection of MA in water samples as indirect measure of the presence of Mycobacteria. © 2013 by ESG.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Inactivation and disposal of by-products from Mycobacterium smegmatis by photoelectrocatalytic oxidation using Ti/TiO2-Ag nanotube electrodes

TiO2 nanotubular array electrodes coated with 16% (w/w) Ag nanoparticles (Ti/TiO2-Ag) have shown excellent performance in the disinfection of water containing Mycobacterium smegmatis. Photoelectrocatalytic disinfection of M. smegmatis 5.1 x 10(3) Colony Forming Units (CFU) mL(-1) in 0.05 M Na2SO4 (pH 6), applied potential of +1.5 V versus Ag/AgCl and UV irradiation promoted 100% inactivation after 3 min of treatment. Mycobacteria degradation was also monitored by TOC removal, sugar release, chromatography and mass spectroscopy measurements. All analytical methods used confirmed that there was complete inactivation of mycobacteria and degradation of the by-products generated during cellular lyses by the proposed method. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

A photoelectrocatalytic process that disinfects water contaminated with Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium avium

Nontuberculous mycobacteria are resistant to conventional water treatment; indeed, they have been recovered from a wide variety of environmental sources. Here, we applied the photoelectrocatalytic technique using a Ti/TiO2-Ag photoanode to inactivate mycobacteria. For a mycobacteria population of 5 × 108 CFU mL-1, we achieved 99.9 and 99.8% inactivation of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium avium with rate constant of 6.2 × 10-3 and 4.2 × 10-3 min-1, respectively, after 240 min. We compared the proposed method with the photolytic and photocatalytic methods. Using a mycobacteria population of 7.5 × 104 CFU mL-1, the proposed Ti/TiO2-Ag photoanode elicited total mycobacteria inactivation within 3 min of treatment; the presence of Ag nanoparticles in the electrode provided 1.5 larger degradation rate constant as compared with the Ti/TiO2 anode (1.75 × 10-2 for M. kansassi and 1.98 × 10-2 for M. avium). We monitored the degradation of the metabolites released during cellular lysis by TOC removal, sugar release, chromatography, and mass spectrometry measurements; photoelectrocatalysis and Ti/TiO2-Ag photoanodes furnished the best results. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Searching for gallium bioactive compounds: Gallium(III) complexes of tridentate salicylaldehyde semicarbazone derivatives

In the search for gallium bioactive compounds five Ga(III) complexes, [Ga(III)(L-H)(2)](NO(3)), with tridentate salicylaldehyde semicarbazone derivatives as ligands (L) have been synthesized and characterized in the solid state and in solution by different techniques. The crystal structure of [Ga(III)(L4-H)(2)](NO(3))center dot 2H(2)O, where L4 is 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde semicarbazone, was solved by X-ray diffraction methods. The gallium(III) ion is in a distorted octahedral environment, coordinated to two nearly planar and mutually perpendicular 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde semicarbazonato anions acting as tridentate ligands through their phenol and carbonyl oxygen atoms and their azomethine nitrogen atom. Their biological potential has been explored by evaluating their activity on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, causative agent of tuberculosis, and their cytotoxicity on tumor cell lines. Three different human tumor cell lines were selected that show different degrees of resistance to metallodrugs: ovarian A2780 (low resistance), breast MCF7 (medium resistance) and prostate PC3 (high resistance) cells. Although the complexes have not shown activity on M. tuberculosis, complexation with gallium has led to the enhancement of the cytotoxic potencies of the organic compounds. Those complexes that contain a bromide substituent at the phenolate ring have shown the highest cytotoxicities. In particular, [Ga(III)(L2-H)(2)](NO(3)), where L2 is 5-bromosalicylaldehyde semicarbazone, has shown a remarkable cytotoxicity on A2780 tumor cell line with an IC(50) value of the same order than cisplatin (IC(50) (Ga-L2) = 2.4 +/- 0.3 mu M; IC(50) (cisplatin) = 2.0 +/- 0.1 mu M, 72 h incubation at 37 degrees C). Interestingly, this complex has also shown moderate cytotoxicity against MCF7 and PC3 cells (IC(50) (MCF7) = 30 +/- 6; IC(50) (PC3) = 18 +/- 3 mu M). Therefore, this gallium compound could be considered a promising wide spectrum potential anti-tumor agent. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Hydroxyquinoline derived vanadium(IV and V) and copper(II) complexes as potential anti-tuberculosis and anti-tumor agents

Several mixed ligand vanadium and copper complexes were synthesized containing 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) and a ligand such as picolinato (pic(-)), dipicolinato (dipic(2-)) or a Schiff base. The complexes were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and by single-crystal X-ray diffraction in the case of [(VO)-O-V(L-pheolnaph-im)(5-Cl-8HQ)] and [(VO)-O-V(OMe)(8HQ)(2)], which evidenced the distorted octahedral geometry of the complexes. The electronic absorption data showed the presence of strong ligand to metal charge transfer bands, significant solvent effects, and methoxido species in methanol, which was further confirmed by V-51- NMR spectroscopy. The structures of [Cu-II(dipic)(8HQ)]Na and [(VO)-O-IV(pic)(8HQ)] were confirmed by EPR spectroscopy, showing only one species in solution. The biological activity of the compounds was assessed through the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the cytotoxic activity against the cisplatin sensitive/resistant ovarian cells A2780/A2780cisR and the non-tumorigenic HEK cells (IC50 values). Almost all tested vanadium complexes were very active against Mtb and the MICs were comparable to, or better than, the MICs of drugs, such as streptomycin. The activity of the complexes against the A2780 cell line was dependent on incubation time presenting IC50 values in the 3-14 mu M (at 48 h) range. In these conditions, the complexes were significantly (*P < 0.05-**P < 0.001) more active than cisplatin (22 mu M), in the A2780 cells and even surpassing its activity in the cisplatin-resistant cells A2780cisR (2.4-8 mu M vs. 75.4; **P < 0.001). In the non-tumorigenic HEK cells poor selectivity toward cancer cells for most of the complexes was observed, as well as for cisplatin. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP