Thermomechanical Properties of Jute/Bamboo Cellulose Composite and Its Hybrid Composites: The Effects of Treatment and Fiber Loading

Jute cellulose composite (JCC), bamboo cellulose composite (BCC), untreated hybrid jute-bamboo fiber composite (UJBC), and jute-bamboo cellulose hybrid biocomposite (JBCC) were fabricated. All cellulose hybrid composites were fabricated with chemical treated jute-bamboo cellulose fiber at 1 : 1 weight ratio and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The effect of chemical treatment and fiber loading on the thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of composites was investigated. Treated jute and bamboo cellulose were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the effectiveness of treatment. All composites were characterized by tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Additionally, surface morphology and water absorption test was reported. The FTIR results revealed that jute and bamboo cellulose prepared are identical to commercial cellulose. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of composites are optimum at 10 weight percentage (wt%) fibers loading. All cellulose composites showed high onset decomposition temperature. At 10 wt% fiber loading, JBCC shows highest activation energy followed by BCC and JCC. Significant reduction in crystallinity index was shown by BCC which reduced by 14%. JBCC shows the lowest water absorption up to 43 times lower compared to UJBC. The significant improved mechanical and morphological properties of treated cellulose hybrid composites are further supported by SEM images

Thermomechanical Properties of Jute/Bamboo Cellulose Composite and Its Hybrid Composites: The Effects of Treatment and Fiber Loading

Jute cellulose composite (JCC), bamboo cellulose composite (BCC), untreated hybrid jute-bamboo fiber composite (UJBC), and jute-bamboo cellulose hybrid biocomposite (JBCC) were fabricated. All cellulose hybrid composites were fabricated with chemical treated jute-bamboo cellulose fiber at 1 : 1 weight ratio and low-density polyethylene (LDPE).The effect of chemical treatment and fiber loading on the thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of composites was investigated. Treated jute and bamboo cellulose were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the effectiveness of treatment. All composites were characterized by tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Additionally, surface morphology and water absorption test was reported.The FTIR results revealed that jute and bamboo cellulose prepared are identical to commercial cellulose. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of composites are optimum at 10 weight percentage (wt%) fibers loading. All cellulose composites showed high onset decomposition temperature. At 10 wt% fiber loading, JBCC shows highest activation energy followed by BCC and JCC. Significant reduction in crystallinity index was shown by BCC which reduced by 14%. JBCC shows the lowest water absorption up to 43 times lower compared to UJBC. The significant improved mechanical and morphological properties of treated cellulose hybrid composites are further supported by SEM images

Improved thermal properties of jute fiber-reinforced polyethylene nanocomposites

The thermal behavior of chemically modified jute fiber-reinforced polyethylene (PE) nanocomposites was investigated. Nanocomposites were prepared by hot press molding technique using different fiber loadings (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) for both treated and untreated fibers. Jute fibers were chemically modified with benzene diazonium salt to increase their compatibility with the PE matrix. Surface and thermal properties were subsequently characterized. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis were used to study the surface morphology. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry were carried out for thermal characterization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy study showed interfacial interaction among jute fiber, PE, and nanoclay. It was observed that, at optimum fiber content (15 wt%), treated jute fiber-reinforced composites showed better thermal properties compared with that of untreated ones and also that nanoclay-incorporated composites showed enhanced higher thermal properties compared with those without nanoclay. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:1266–1272, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineer

Synthesis of Cotton from Tossa Jute Fiber and Comparison with Original Cotton

Cotton fibers were synthesized from tossa jute and characteristics were compared with original cotton by using FTIR and TGA. The FTIR results indicated that the peak intensity of OH group from jute cotton fibers occurred at 3336 cm−1 whereas the peak intensity of original cotton fibers occurred at 3338 cm−1. This indicated that the synthesized cotton fiber properties were very similar to the original cotton fibers. The TGA result showed that maximum rate of mass loss, the onset of decomposition, end of decomposition, and activation energy of synthesized cotton were higher than original cotton. The activation energy of jute cotton fibers was higher than the original cotton fibers

Effect of silicon dioxide/nanoclay on the properties of jute fiber/polyethylene biocomposites

In this study, (jute fiber)/polyethylene biocomposites were prepared by using a hot press machine. Jute fiber was investigated as a reinforcing filler material for producing structural composites with better environmental performance. The effects of clay and silica addition on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of (jute fiber)-reinforced polyethylene biocomposites with different fiber loadings (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) were investigated. The biocomposites were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The composite surface area and pore volume were determined by using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller equation. The mechanical properties were investigated by using a Universal Testing Machine. Because of Si-O-Si stretching vibration, the O-H group from 3,200 to 3,400 cm−1 disappeared. The scanning electron microscopy results proved that a significant difference among the composites was present due to the interfacial bonding between the fiber and the matrix

The relationship between the applied torque and stresses in post-tension structures

This research presents the non-destructive testing (NDT) method to determine the resultant stresses in mild steel bar usually employed in structures. The technique utilized ultrasonic pulse-echo that determined the wave velocity change due to torque applied between bolt and nut. Mild steel bar with nominal diameter of 18 mm and 25 mm were used. The specimen was loaded by means of a torque wrench, which gave the required amount of moment of about 240 Nm

Physico-Mechanical Properties of Chemically Treated Jute-Bamboo Hybrid Composites

This research was carried out to analyse the effect of chemical treatments on the jute-bamboo hybrid composite. Hybrid composite strength strongly depends on fiber-matrix adhesion. The hydrophilic nature of natural fibers seriously affects adhesion with a hydrophobic matrix which causes loss of strength. Initially, the jute (Corchorus olitorius) and bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) fibers were treated with peracetic acid-alkaline, 4-methylcatechol (4MC) at various pH, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTS) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). Hybrid composites were fabricated using treated jute-bamboo (at weight ratio 1:1) hybrid fibers with low density polyethylene (LDPE). Additionally, poly (ethylene‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate) copolymer, tin oxide nanoparticle and montmorillonites (MMT) nanoclay were used in selected hybrid composites series. Tensile tests (tensile strength and Young’s modulus), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and water absorption test were used to evaluate the physical, mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of hybrid composites

The effects of nanoclay and tin(IV) oxide nanopowder on morphological, thermo-mechanical properties of hexamethylene diisocyanate treated jute/bamboo/polyethylene hybrid composites

Hybrid composites were fabricated by hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) treated jute–bamboo fiber, nanoclay, tin(IV) oxide nanopowder, and low-density polyethylene. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Surface morphology, tensile testing, and water absorption test were also reported. FTIR results revealed that treated fiber had covalence bonding with polymer matrix which enhanced mechanical properties. All HDI-treated hybrid composites showed significant improvement in activation energy, lower crystallinity index, significant high tensile strength, and Young's modulus compared to untreated hybrid composites. All treated hybrid composites also showed extreme low water absorption. The addition of nanoclay or tin(IV) oxide into treated hybrid composites had a negative impact on thermal-mechanical properties. Surface morphological results revealed the bonding condition among hybrid composites

Effect of nanoclay and silica on mechanical and morphological properties of jute cellulose polyethylene biocomposites

In this study, jute cellulose/polyethylene (PE) biocomposites were prepared using a hot press machine. Silica and nanoclay act as reinforcing agents in the composite system. The effects of clay and silica addition on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of jute cellulose/PE biocomposites with different fiber loadings (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %) were investigated. The biocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The mechanical properties were investigated using a universal testing machine. From FTIR results, it indicates that the CO stretching vibration had disappeared, while the intensity of peaks at 1718 and 1716 cm−1 appeared after addition of silica. The better interfacial bonding between jute cellulose/PE/silica biocomposites are reflected in the enhancement of the mechanical properties as well as thermal stability. The tensile strength and modulus had shown the highest values as well as higher activation energy for thermal decomposition. The surface area analysis result showed that the jute cellulose/PE/silica biocomposites have higher surface area and pore volume with less pore size. The manufactured biocomposites can be used in interior and exterior applications as well as a construction material

Synthesis of Cotton from Tossa Jute Fiber and Comparison with Original Cotton

Cotton fibers were synthesized fromtossa jute and characteristics were compared with original cotton by using FTIR and TGA. The FTIR results indicated that the peak intensity of OH group from jute cotton fibers occurred at 3336 cm−1 whereas the peak intensity of original cotton fibers occurred at 3338 cm−1.This indicated that the synthesized cotton fiber properties were very similar to the original cotton fibers. The TGA result showed that maximum rate of mass loss, the onset of decomposition, end of decomposition, and activation energy of synthesized cotton were higher than original cotton. The activation energy of jute cotton fibers was higher than the original cotton fibers