Duox1 is required for <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced ROS and TGF-α production in A549 cells.

<p>A: Duox1 siRNA(100 nM) significantly inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-incuced H₂O₂ production in A549 cells. B: Duox1 siRNA(100 nM) significantly inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-incuced TGF-α production in A549 cells. ^#<i>P</i><0.05 compared with control siRNA. *<i>P</i><0.01 compared with <i>PA-LPS</i>+control siRNA.</p

Suppression of <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced Duox1, <i>Muc5ac</i> and <i>Clca3</i> expression by DPI in primary mouse trachea epithelial cells.

<p>A: Diphenylene iodonium(2.5 µM) significantly inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced Duox1 mRNA expression in primary mTECs. B: Diphenylene iodonium(2.5 µM) significantly inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-incuced Muc5ac mRNA expression in primary mTECs. C: Diphenylene iodonium(2.5 µM) significantly inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced Clca3 mRNA expression in primary mTECs.^#<i>P</i><0.05 compared with control, *<i>P</i><0.05 compared with <i>PA-LPS</i>.</p

DPI reduced <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced inflammatory cells in BALF and lung tissues of mice.

<p>A–B: DPI (1 mg/kg) significantly inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced neutrophils and total cells in BALF of mice. C: DPI (1 mg/kg) significantly reduced <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced inflammatory cells in lung tissues of mice (H&E×400). ^#<i>P</i><0.05 compared with PBS, *<i>P</i><0.01 compared with <i>PA-LPS</i>.</p

Effects of DPI on <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced Duox1, <i>Muc5ac</i> and Clca3 production in vivo.

<p>A–C: DPI (1 mg/kg) blocked <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced Duox1, Clca3 and Muc5ac mRNA expression in the lung of mice; D: DPI (1 mg/kg) inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced mucin production in the lung of mice (PAS ×400). ^#<i>P</i><0.05 compared with control, *<i>P</i><0.01 compared with <i>PA-LPS</i>.</p

Role of ROS in <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced <i>Muc5ac</i> production in vivo.

<p>A: DMTU (1 mg per mouse) significantly blocked <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced <i>Muc5ac</i> mRNA and mucin expression in the lung of mice; B: DMTU (1 mg per mouse) inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced mucin expression in the lung of mice (PAS ×400). ^#<i>P</i><0.05 compared with control, *<i>P</i><0.01 compared with <i>PA-LPS</i>.</p

Role of Duox2 small interfering RNA in <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced MUC5AC expression in A549 cells.

<p>A: Duox2 siRNA(100 nM) significantly inhibited Duox2 mRNA expression in normal as well as <i>PA-LPS</i>-stimulated(10 µg/mL) A549 cells. B: Duox2 knockdown exerted no considerable effects on <i>PA-LPS</i> -incuced MUC5AC mRNA expression in A549 cells; C: Duox1 knockdown has no effects on Duox2 expression in normal as well as <i>PA-LPS</i>-stimulated(10 µg/mL) A549 cells. ^#<i>P</i><0.05 compared with control siRNA. *<i>P</i><0.05 compared with <i>PA-LPS</i>+control siRNA. **<i>P</i><0.05 compared with control siRNA.</p

Duox1 small interfering RNA inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-induced <i>MUC5AC</i> expression in A549 cells.

<p>A: Duox1 siRNA(100 nM) significantly inhibited Duox1 mRNA expression in normal as well as <i>PA-LPS</i>-stimulated(10 µg/mL) A549 cells. B:Duox1 siRNA(100 nM) significantly inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i> -incuced MUC5AC mRNA expression in A549 cells; C: Duox1 siRNA(100 nM) significantly inhibited <i>PA-LPS</i>-incuced MUC5AC protein expression in A549 cells (×200). ^#<i>P</i><0.05 compared with control siRNA. *<i>P</i><0.05 compared with <i>PA-LPS</i>+control siRNA. **<i>P</i><0.05 compared with control siRNA.</p

MOESM2 of Proteomic analysis of sputum reveals novel biomarkers for various presentations of asthma

Additional file 2: Figure S1. High expression of secreted protein in CA, CVA, or CTVA patients. AGT (A), ANXA1 (B), APOA1 (C), B2M (D), C5 (E), CHI3L1 (F), CTSB (G), FGA (H), FGB (I), FN1 (J), HPX (K), IL1RN (L), ITIH4 (M), ORM1 (N), PRG2 (O), and SERPINF (P). Mean values are represented as horizontal bars. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; CA, classic asthma; CVA, cough-variant asthma; CTVA, chest tightness variant asthma