Highly Selective Conversion of CH4 to High Value-Added C1 Oxygenates over Pd Loaded ZnTi-LDH

The selective oxidation of methane to high value-added liquid oxygenated compounds under mild conditions is of great significance to promote the efficient utilization of the carbon source, but it also faces the dilemma of low activity and over-oxidation. Here, ZnTi-layered double hydroxides (LDH)-A200 photocatalysts with Pd loading are prepared to achieve efficient oxidation of methane, with O2 as an oxidant under ambient condition. The highest generation rate of C1 liquid products (methanol and formaldehyde) reaches 4924.47 µmol g−1 h−1 with a selectivity close to 100% over 0.5Pd-ZnTi-LDH-A200, which is 20 times higher than that of bare ZnTi-LDH-A200. The photochemical results show that the modified photocatalysts present much higher generation and separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs. In situ X–ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that Pd nanoparticles are the hole acceptor, which is beneficial to charge separation in the photocatalysis. Furthermore, electron spinresonance spectroscopy and temperature–programmed–desorption analysis prove that Pd loading is helpful to the adsorption of methane and oxygen on the surface of ZnTi-LDH-A200, promoting the production of reactive oxygen species and activation of methane. All these factors work together to promote the efficient conversion of CH4 to high value-added C1 oxygenates

High-pressure and high-temperature characteristics of a Fabry-Perot interferometer based on photonic crystal fiber

Author name used in this publication: H. Y. Tam2010-2011 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Intensity-modulated fiber Bragg grating sensor system based on radio-frequency signal measurement

Author name used in this publication: Li-Yang ShaoAuthor name used in this publication: H. Y. TamAuthor name used in this publication: C. Lu2007-2008 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Polarization-maintaining photonic-crystal-fiber-based all-optical polarimetric torsion sensor

Author name used in this publication: P. K. A. WaiAuthor name used in this publication: H. Y. TamAuthor name used in this publication: C. Lu2010-2011 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Development and Validation of the Chinese Attitudes to Starting Insulin Questionnaire (Ch-ASIQ) for Primary Care Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Objectives: To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a Chinese questionnaire which assesses the barriers and enablers to commencing insulin in primary care patients with poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes. Research Design and Method: Questionnaire items were identified using literature review. Content validation was performed and items were further refined using an expert panel. Following translation, back translation and cognitive debriefing, the translated Chinese questionnaire was piloted on target patients. Exploratory factor analysis and item-scale correlations were performed to test the construct validity of the subscales and items. Internal reliability was tested by Cronbach's alpha. Results: Twenty-seven identified items underwent content validation, translation and cognitive debriefing. The translated questionnaire was piloted on 303 insulin naïve (never taken insulin) Type 2 diabetes patients recruited from 10 government-funded primary care clinics across Hong Kong. Sufficient variability in the dataset for factor analysis was confirmed by Bartlett's Test of Sphericity (P 0.4 and Eigenvalues >1. Total variance for the 10 factors was 66.22%. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure was 0.725. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the first four factors were ≥0.6 identifying four subscales to which 13 items correlated. Remaining sub-scales and items with poor internal reliability were deleted. The final 13-item instrument had a four scale structure addressing: 'Self-image and stigmatization'; 'Factors promoting self-efficacy; 'Fear of pain or needles'; and 'Time and family support'. Conclusion: The Chinese Attitudes to Starting Insulin Questionnaire (Ch-ASIQ) appears to be a reliable and valid measure for assessing barriers to starting insulin. This short instrument is easy to administer and may be used by healthcare providers and researchers as an assessment tool for Chinese diabetic primary care patients, including the elderly, who are unwilling to start insulin. © 2013 Fu et al.published_or_final_versio

Pressure sensor realized with polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber-based Sagnac interferometer

Author name used in this publication: H. Y. TamAuthor name used in this publication: Li-Yang ShaoAuthor name used in this publication: P. K. A. WaiAuthor name used in this publication: C. Lu2007-2008 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Fourier analysis for hydrostatic pressure sensing in a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber

Author name used in this publication: Yanbiao LiaoAuthor name used in this publication: Hwayaw TamAuthro name used in this publication: P. K. A. Wai2010-2011 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Multiplexing of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber based Sagnac interferometric sensors

Author name used in this publication: P. A. ChildsAuthor name used in this publication: H. Y. TamAuthor name used in this publication: C. LuAuthor name used in this publication: P. K. A. Wai2009-2010 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

High pressure sensor based on photonic crystal fiber for downhole application

Author name used in this publication: H. Y. Tam2009-2010 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

A Fuzzy Social Network Analysis Method and a Case Study on Tianya

Social networking service (SNS) has become online service platforms that focus on facilitating the building of social networks among people who share interests, activities, backgrounds, or real-life connections and has had a rapid development in China in the past few years. This paper aims to develop a fuzzy social network service analysis method, which combines graph theory with related fuzzy approach, to analyze the social network structural features and the distribution characteristics of interpersonal nodes in SNS community. A case study on a very famous Chinese tourism BBS-Tianya-is conducted to illustrate and validate the proposed approach. The research findings are as follows: (1) The attraction degrees of various areas in the forum are significantly different; (2) interpersonal nodes in the forum are concentrated relatively; (3) the fuzzy out-degrees and the fuzzy in-degrees of interpersonal nodes in the forum conflict each other; and (4) the distribution of interpersonal nodes is influenced by geographical relations. These findings can directly support social network service management and particularly tourism online service developments. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014