Zhodnocení makroobezřetnostní a monetární politiky v Číně

This thesis examines the impact of China’s MPP and MP tools on China’s credit volume and inflation rate, the tools include the deposit reserve ratio, provision couverage and capital adequacy ratio, we also select interest rate as our indicator of MP. Finally, we summarize the interaction between MPP and MP policies and how to match them.This thesis examines the impact of China’s MPP and MP tools on China’s credit volume and inflation rate, the tools include the deposit reserve ratio, provision couverage and capital adequacy ratio, we also select interest rate as our indicator of MP. Finally, we summarize the interaction between MPP and MP policies and how to match them.154 - Katedra financídobř

Zhodnocení zadluženosti společnosti v automobilovém průmyslu

Import 02/11/2016The aim of this thesis is to make the assessment of solvency of Volkswagen Group by using common-size analysis, solvency ratio analysis, pyramidal decomposition and sensitivity analysis from 2010 to 2014.This thesis is divided into five parts. Chapter 1 is introduction.In chapter 2, we will introduce three basic financial statements: balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement. And introduce the financial analysis methods which we will use in the next chapter. The first part is the common size analysis. We will use it to check the financial statement of a company. About common size analysis, it has vertical common size analysis and horizontal common size analysis. We will describe what it means and how we can use it in the company. The second part of financial analysis methods is solvency ratios analysis. Solvency ratios are very important for a company. We also write the definition and formula about pyramidal decomposition and sensitivity analysis. And we will introduce the return on equity, because when we make the sensitivity analysis, we will use it.In chapter 3, we will describe the main financial characteristics of Volkswagen Group. First, we introduce the history and structure of the company, it help us to understand the development of the company. Second part is the financial position. It is the company’s ability in the market. And it can help us to know if Volkswagen Group has financial trouble. At last, we use common size analysis of Volkswagen Group from 2010 to 2014. In chapter 4, we use solvency ratio analysis. We will use debt to assets ratio, debt to equity ratio, interest coverage and financial leverage to find out the solvency of this company. We also will use pyramidal decomposition in this chapter, we decompose debt to equity ratio into 12 parts. And we use sensitivity analysis of Volkswagen Group. It analyzes which factor will effect the indicator when we have different factors and it’s effect degree. When we calculate all the ratios and analysis the methods in this chapter we can know whether the company have financial risks or not and how to manege the company by using these methods.Chapter 5 is conclusion, in this part, we will compare the analysis we made from 2010 to 2014 and summary all of them. All the methods can help us to know the solvency and the development of Volkswagen Group.The aim of this thesis is to make the assessment of solvency of Volkswagen Group by using common-size analysis, solvency ratio analysis, pyramidal decomposition and sensitivity analysis from 2010 to 2014.This thesis is divided into five parts. Chapter 1 is introduction.In chapter 2, we will introduce three basic financial statements: balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement. And introduce the financial analysis methods which we will use in the next chapter. The first part is the common size analysis. We will use it to check the financial statement of a company. About common size analysis, it has vertical common size analysis and horizontal common size analysis. We will describe what it means and how we can use it in the company. The second part of financial analysis methods is solvency ratios analysis. Solvency ratios are very important for a company. We also write the definition and formula about pyramidal decomposition and sensitivity analysis. And we will introduce the return on equity, because when we make the sensitivity analysis, we will use it.In chapter 3, we will describe the main financial characteristics of Volkswagen Group. First, we introduce the history and structure of the company, it help us to understand the development of the company. Second part is the financial position. It is the company’s ability in the market. And it can help us to know if Volkswagen Group has financial trouble. At last, we use common size analysis of Volkswagen Group from 2010 to 2014. In chapter 4, we use solvency ratio analysis. We will use debt to assets ratio, debt to equity ratio, interest coverage and financial leverage to find out the solvency of this company. We also will use pyramidal decomposition in this chapter, we decompose debt to equity ratio into 12 parts. And we use sensitivity analysis of Volkswagen Group. It analyzes which factor will effect the indicator when we have different factors and it’s effect degree. When we calculate all the ratios and analysis the methods in this chapter we can know whether the company have financial risks or not and how to manege the company by using these methods.Chapter 5 is conclusion, in this part, we will compare the analysis we made from 2010 to 2014 and summary all of them. All the methods can help us to know the solvency and the development of Volkswagen Group.154 - Katedra financídobř

Limits on the Primordial Black Holes Dark Matter with future MeV detectors

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a compelling candidate for Dark Matter (DM). There remain significant parameter spaces to be explored despite current astrophysical observations have set strong limits. Utilizing advanced MeV observation instruments, we have statistically established the upper limit of Hawking radiation emitted by PBHs in DM-dense systems, such as galaxy clusters or dwarf galaxies. These results can set a stringent upper limit on the ratio of PBH to DM, expressed as $f_{\rm PBH}$. Our results highlight the efficacy of MeV observations in DM-dense environments. The constraints on $f_{\rm PBH}$ for PBHs in the mass range of $10^{16}-10^{17} ~\rm g$ can be improved significantly compared with the current observations.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted by PR

Salient Object Detection in RGB-D Videos

Given the widespread adoption of depth-sensing acquisition devices, RGB-D videos and related data/media have gained considerable traction in various aspects of daily life. Consequently, conducting salient object detection (SOD) in RGB-D videos presents a highly promising and evolving avenue. Despite the potential of this area, SOD in RGB-D videos remains somewhat under-explored, with RGB-D SOD and video SOD (VSOD) traditionally studied in isolation. To explore this emerging field, this paper makes two primary contributions: the dataset and the model. On one front, we construct the RDVS dataset, a new RGB-D VSOD dataset with realistic depth and characterized by its diversity of scenes and rigorous frame-by-frame annotations. We validate the dataset through comprehensive attribute and object-oriented analyses, and provide training and testing splits. Moreover, we introduce DCTNet+, a three-stream network tailored for RGB-D VSOD, with an emphasis on RGB modality and treats depth and optical flow as auxiliary modalities. In pursuit of effective feature enhancement, refinement, and fusion for precise final prediction, we propose two modules: the multi-modal attention module (MAM) and the refinement fusion module (RFM). To enhance interaction and fusion within RFM, we design a universal interaction module (UIM) and then integrate holistic multi-modal attentive paths (HMAPs) for refining multi-modal low-level features before reaching RFMs. Comprehensive experiments, conducted on pseudo RGB-D video datasets alongside our RDVS, highlight the superiority of DCTNet+ over 17 VSOD models and 14 RGB-D SOD models. Ablation experiments were performed on both pseudo and realistic RGB-D video datasets to demonstrate the advantages of individual modules as well as the necessity of introducing realistic depth. Our code together with RDVS dataset will be available at https://github.com/kerenfu/RDVS/

The treatment practices for anterior urethral strictures in China: A case-based survey

ObjectiveTo investigate the treatment concept of Chinese urologists for anterior urethral strictures based on actual cases.MethodsA self-designed case-based questionnaire was distributed to the members of Official WeChat account of Learning Union from March 19, 2020, to April 10, 2020. Questionnaires requested respondents' demographic information and responses to five cases of anterior urethral stricture: short obliterative bulbar urethral stricture caused by straddle injury (Case 1), idiopathic bulbar urethral stricture after failure of multiple endoscopic therapy (Case 2), iatrogenic long penile urethral stricture (Case 3), lichen sclerosis-related urethral stricture (Case 4), and anterior urethral stricture in indwelling catheter after multiple failure of endoscopic surgery (Case 5). Data was described by frequency and percentage.ResultsA total of 1,267 valid anonymous questionnaires were received. Urethroplasty was recommended more frequently than endoscopic surgery (Case 1: 47.8% vs. 32.8%,Case 2: 42.5% vs. 33.8%, Case 3: 36.1% vs. 26.7%). Referrals patients to other urologists engaged in urethral repair and reconstruction account for a high portion of the treatment (Case 1:18.4%, Case 2:23.1%, Case 3:36.5%, Case 4:27.7%,Case 5:9.3%). Excision and primary anastomosis urethroplasty (EPA) was preferred for treatment of Case 1 (42.5%). For Case 2, the most popular choice was EPA (30.6%). Although the patient has a history of failure in endoscopic surgery, 33.8% of urologists continue to choose endoscopic surgery. For Case 3, 20.0% of urologists would perform oral mucosal urethroplasty. Surprisingly, 5.9% chose EPA. For Case 4, 37.3% of urologists selected meatotomy, 30.4% suggested that glans and urethral biopsies should be performed. 21.0% chose to use steroid ointment after surgery. For Case 5, 26.3% of the respondents believed that urethrography should be performed after removing catheter more than one week, if the urine is obstructed during the period, performing cystostomy firstly.ConclusionsIn China, the concept of urethroplasty is more widely accepted than endoscopic surgery for the treatment of anterior urethral strictures. The concept of referral has been widely formed among Chinese urologists. Better understanding of the comprehensive treatment of lichen sclerosis related anterior urethral stricture and the principle of urethral rest should be strengthened

LyricWhiz: Robust Multilingual Zero-shot Lyrics Transcription by Whispering to ChatGPT

We introduce LyricWhiz, a robust, multilingual, and zero-shot automatic lyrics transcription method achieving state-of-the-art performance on various lyrics transcription datasets, even in challenging genres such as rock and metal. Our novel, training-free approach utilizes Whisper, a weakly supervised robust speech recognition model, and GPT-4, today's most performant chat-based large language model. In the proposed method, Whisper functions as the "ear" by transcribing the audio, while GPT-4 serves as the "brain," acting as an annotator with a strong performance for contextualized output selection and correction. Our experiments show that LyricWhiz significantly reduces Word Error Rate compared to existing methods in English and can effectively transcribe lyrics across multiple languages. Furthermore, we use LyricWhiz to create the first publicly available, large-scale, multilingual lyrics transcription dataset with a CC-BY-NC-SA copyright license, based on MTG-Jamendo, and offer a human-annotated subset for noise level estimation and evaluation. We anticipate that our proposed method and dataset will advance the development of multilingual lyrics transcription, a challenging and emerging task.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables, accepted by ISMIR 202

The association of serum total bile acid with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese adults: a cross sectional study

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the major cause of chronic liver disease globally. Bile acids (BAs) have emerged as relevant signaling molecules that are associated with NAFLD development. This study was aimed to examine the association of serum total bile acids (TBAs) with NAFLD in a large population of Chinese subjects. Methods This cross sectional study recruited 152,336 participants from the Second Xiangya Hospital, China. NAFLD was diagnosed based on the presence of hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography, without significant alcohol consumption and other known causes for chronic liver disease. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to test for the association of serum TBAs with NAFLD, adjusting for conventional risk factors of NAFLD. Results A total of 27.4% of the participants had NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD had slightly higher TBA levels than those without, 3.4 vs. 3.0 μmol/L (p < 0.001). However, TBA levels were not associated with NAFLD in the multivariate logistic regression model, which adjusted for age, gender and other acknowledged risk factors for NAFLD (OR = 1.00. 95% CI: 1.00–1.00, p = 0.797). Conclusions We found that the serum TBA levels were not associated with NAFLD. Future studies in a large population, focusing on serum BA composition may improve the understating of the role of BAs in NAFLD

Effect of steam reinjection mass flow rate on the SOFC–GT system with steam reinjection

A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is regarded as the first choice of high-efficiency and clean power generation technology in the 21st century due to its characteristics of high power generation efficiency and low pollutant emission. In this paper, hydrogen is used as a fuel for SOFCs using the EBSILON platform. A sensitivity analysis of the solid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine (SOFC–GT) system with steam reinjection is carried out to investigate the effect of the steam reinjection mass flow rate on the improvement of the electrical efficiency of the system and on the values of the other parameters. The results show that the variation in the steam reinjection mass flow rate has an effect on other parameters. Changes in several parameters affect the electrical efficiency of the system, which reaches 74.11% at a pressure ratio of 10, SOFC inlet temperature of 783.15 K, turbine back pressure of 70 kPa, and steam reinjection mass flow rate of 6.16 kg/s. Future research can optimize the overall parameter selection of the system in terms of economy and other aspects

RIS-based IMT-2030 Testbed for MmWave Multi-stream Ultra-massive MIMO Communications

As one enabling technique of the future sixth generation (6G) network, ultra-massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) can support high-speed data transmissions and cell coverage extension. However, it is hard to realize the ultra-massive MIMO via traditional phased arrays due to unacceptable power consumption. To address this issue, reconfigurable intelligent surface-based (RIS-based) antennas are an energy-efficient enabler of the ultra-massive MIMO, since they are free of energy-hungry phase shifters. In this article, we report the performances of the RIS-enabled ultra-massive MIMO via a project called Verification of MmWave Multi-stream Transmissions Enabled by RIS-based Ultra-massive MIMO for 6G (V4M), which was proposed to promote the evolution towards IMT-2030. In the V4M project, we manufacture RIS-based antennas with 1024 one-bit elements working at 26 GHz, based on which an mmWave dual-stream ultra-massive MIMO prototype is implemented for the first time. To approach practical settings, the Tx and Rx of the prototype are implemented by one commercial new radio base station and one off-the-shelf user equipment, respectively. The measured data rate of the dual-stream prototype approaches the theoretical peak rate. Our contributions to the V4M project are also discussed by presenting technological challenges and corresponding solutions.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, to be published in IEEE Wireless Communication