Sedimentation in Microtidal Coastal Lagoons, Southern Rhode Island

Guidebook to geologic field studies in Rhode Island and adjacent areas: The 73rd annual meeting of the New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, October 16-18, 1981: Trip B-

Altered blood gas tensions of oxygen and carbon dioxide confound coronary reactivity to apnea

Purpose: Arterial blood gases change frequently during anesthesia and intensive care. Apnea can occur during diagnostic exams and airway and surgical interventions. While the impact of blood gas levels on coronary blood flow is established, their confounding effect on coronary vasoreactivity in response to an apneic stimulus, especially in coronary artery disease, is not known. Methods: Six anesthetized control swine and eleven swine with coronary artery stenosis were examined. Nine different blood gas levels from a combination of arterial partial pressure of oxygen (70, 100, and 300 mmHg) and carbon dioxide (30, 40, and 50 mmHg) were targeted. Apnea was induced by halting controlled positive pressure ventilation for 3–30s, while the left descending coronary artery flow was measured and reported relative to apnea duration, and at the adjusted mean (12s). Results: At normoxemic-normocapnic blood gas levels, apnea increased coronary blood flow in proportion to the duration of apnea in the control (r = 0.533, p < 0.001) and stenosed groups (r = 0.566, p < 0.001). This culminated in a 42% (95% CI: 27–58) increase in controls (p < 0.001) and, to a lesser extent, 27% (15–40) in the presence of coronary artery stenosis (p < 0.001). Vasoreactivity was augmented by mild-hypoxemic levels [81% (65–97), and 66% (53–79) increase in flow respectively, p < 0.001 vs. normoxemia], but markedly reduced during hyperoxia (7.5% (−8.2–23) and 0.3% (−12–13), respectively, p < 0.001 vs. normoxemia). Conclusion: Alterations of blood oxygen and carbon dioxide affect coronary vascular reactivity induced by apnea in swine, which was attenuated further in the presence of coronary stenosis. Especially hyperoxia significantly reduces coronary blood flow and blunts coronary vascular reactivity

Necessary fictions: indigenous claims and the humanity of rights

Indigenous right insistently challenges the surpassing arrogations of sovereign right. In so doing, it affirms dimensions of being-together denied or stunted in sovereign modes of political formation. This force of Indigenous right is amplified here through legal and literary instantiations. These, in turn, uncover the continuously created and fictional quality of rights, revealing them to be necessary fictions

Dissociation of somatic growth, time of sexual maturity, and life expectancy by overexpression of an RGD-deficient IGFBP-2 variant in female transgenic mice

Impaired growth is often associated with an extension of lifespan. However, the negative correlation between somatic growth and life expectancy is only true within, but not between, species. This can be observed because smaller species have, as a rule, a shorter lifespan than larger species. In insects and worms, reduced reproductive development and increased fat storage are associated with prolonged lifespan. However, in mammals the relationship between the dynamics of reproductive development, fat metabolism, growth rate, and lifespan are less clear. To address this point, female transgenic mice that were overexpressing similar levels of either intact (D-mice) or mutant insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) lacking the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif (E-mice) were investigated. Both lines of transgenic mice exhibited a similar degree of growth impairment (-9% and -10%) in comparison with wild-type controls (C-mice). While in D-mice, sexual maturation was found to be delayed and life expectancy was significantly increased in comparison with C-mice, these parameters were unaltered in E-mice in spite of their reduced growth rate. These observations indicate that the RGD-domain has a major influence on the pleiotropic effects of IGFBP-2 and suggest that somatic growth and time of sexual maturity or somatic growth and life expectancy are less closely related than thought previously

Screening for depression in hemodialysis patients: Associations with diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes in the DOPPS

Screening for depression in hemodialysis patients: Associations with diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes in the DOPPS.BackgroundDepressive symptoms and depression are the most frequent psychologic problems reported by hemodialysis patients. We assessed the prevalence of depressive symptoms and physician-diagnosed depression, their variations by country, and associations with treatment by antidepressants among hemodialysis patients. We also assessed whether depressive symptoms were independently associated with mortality, hospitalization, and dialysis withdrawal.MethodsThe sample was represented by 9382 hemodialysis patients randomly selected from dialysis centers of 12 countries enrolled in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS II). Depressive symptoms were assessed by the short version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Screening Index (CES-D), using ≥10 CES-D score as the cut-off value.ResultsOverall prevalence of physician-diagnosed depression was 13.9%, and percentage of CES-D score ≥10 43.0%. While the smallest prevalence of physician-diagnosed depression was observed in Japan (2.0%) and France (10.6%), the percentage of CES-D score ≥10 in these counties was similar to the whole sample. Patients on antidepressants also varied by country, 34.9% and 17.3% among those with physician-diagnosed depression and CES-D scores ≥10, respectively. In Cox models adjusted for several comorbidities, CES-D scores ≥10 were associated with significantly higher relative risks (RR) of death (RR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.29 to 1.57), hospitalization (RR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.22), and dialysis withdrawal (RR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.29 to 1.85).ConclusionThe data suggest that depression is underdiagnosed and undertreated among hemodialysis patients. CES-D can help identify hemodialysis patients who are at higher risk of death and hospitalization. Interventions should target these patients with the goal to improve survival and reduce hospitalizations

Some Balaton-Lasinja Graves from Veszprém-Jutasi Út and an Outline Chronology for the Earlier Copper Age in Western Hungary

A handful of new radiocarbon dates from three Balaton-Lasinja culture graves at the site of Veszprém-Jutasi út in western Hungary form the starting point for formal models for late Lengyel and post-Lengyel chronology in that region. The graves date to the later fifth millennium cal BC. They provide the opportunity to put the earlier Copper Age Balaton-Lasinja culture of Transdanubia into its regional and wider context, and to highlight both gradually improving understanding of its character and remaining problems of chronology and classification. The Balaton-Lasinja culture was part of a whole series of regional shifts in settlement and society connected to the end of the Neolithic and the demise of major settlement aggregations which had dominated lifestyles in previous centuries. This study indicates how much further detailed research continues to be needed to get fully to grips with this set of important changes, which run on into the Copper Age. Contrasts are drawn between western and eastern Hungary, and the uncertainties surrounding the chronology of the fourth millennium cal BC, including for the Furchenstich pottery style, are emphasised

Universalism and the (un)translatable

A unified set of questions arises in translation theory as it does in philosophy: how can one particularity be related to another? Can any general truth emerge from this relationship? And if so, in what particular language might this general truth be thought about and discussed? This article explores how various French thinkers have addressed these questions, from Alain Badiou’s recent account of philosophical French in terms of universalism, to Antoine Berman’s and Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe’s readings of an alternative approach to universalism provided by German thought. Where a key passage in Badiou’s text suggests that he has Friedrich Hölderlin in mind, this poet-translator provides an explicit model for the other two thinkers

AIDS virus–specific CD8+ T lymphocytes against an immunodominant cryptic epitope select for viral escape

Cryptic major histocompatibility complex class I epitopes have been detected in several pathogens, but their importance in the immune response to AIDS viruses remains unknown. Here, we show that Mamu-B*17+ simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)mac239-infected rhesus macaques that spontaneously controlled viral replication consistently made strong CD8+ T lymphocyte (CD8-TL) responses against a cryptic epitope, RHLAFKCLW (cRW9). Importantly, cRW9-specific CD8-TL selected for viral variation in vivo and effectively suppressed SIV replication in vitro, suggesting that they might play a key role in the SIV-specific response. The discovery of an immunodominant CD8-TL response in elite controller macaques against a cryptic epitope suggests that the AIDS virus–specific cellular immune response is likely far more complex than is generally assumed