Epidemiologie und Verlauf der Migräne bei Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose

In dieser Studie wurde erstmalig unter Zuhilfenahme der Kriterien der International Headache Society eine Evaluation der Lebenszeit-Prävalenz von Migräne bei MS durchgeführt. Im Rahmen dieser Fall-Kontroll-Studie wurden 512 Patienten mit nach Poser-Kriterien diagnostizierter MS und 512 alters- und geschlechtsgematchte Personen eingeschlossen. Bei 71 der MS-Patienten (13,9%) konnte die Diagnose Migräne gestellt werden, während in der Kontrollgruppe bei 98 Patienten (19,1%) diese Diagnose zutraf. Dieser Unterschied ist statistisch signifikant (p=0,023). Bei der schubförmigen Verlaufsform der MS ließ sich bei 37 Patienten (18,9%), bei der primär chronischen und der sekundär chronischen Verlaufsform bei insgesamt 13 Patienten (9,6%) eine Migräne diagnostizieren. Dieser Unterschied ist ebenfalls statistisch signifikant (p=0,02). Daraus lässt sich folgern, dass für den Unterschied zwischen beiden Gruppen primär die niedrige Prävalenz bei den chronischen Verlaufsformen der MS verantwortlich ist

Teaching ultrasound in a curricular course according to certified EFSUMB standards during undergraduate medical education: a prospective study

Background: As a non-invasive and readily available diagnostic tool, ultrasound is one of the most important imaging techniques in medicine. Ultrasound is usually trained during residency preferable according to German Society of Ultrasound in Medicine (DEGUM) standards. Our curriculum calls for undergraduate training in ultrasound of medical students in their 4th year of undergraduate education. An explorative pilot study evaluated the acceptance of this teaching method, and compared it to other practical activities in medical education at Muenster University. Methods: 240 medical students in their 4th year of undergraduate medical education participated in the training and completed a pre- and post-questionnaire for self-assessment of technical knowledge, self-assurance of the procedure, and motivation in performing ultrasound using a Likert scale. Moreover, students were asked about their interest in pursuing a career in internal medicine. To compare this training to other educational activities a standardized online evaluation tool was used. A direct observation of procedural skills assessment (DOPS) for the first time applied on ultrasound aimed to independently assess the success of our teaching method. Results: There was a significant increase in technical knowledge and self-assurance (p < 0.001) of the students’ self-assessments. The clinical relevance and self-motivation of the teaching were evaluated positively. The students’ DOPS results demonstrated proficiency in the understanding of anatomic structures shown in ultrasonographic images, including terminology, machine settings, and transducer frequencies. Conclusions: Training ultrasound according to certified DEGUM standards was successful and should be offered in undergraduate medical education. The evaluation of the course affirmed the necessity, quality and clinical relevance of the course with a top ranking score of hands-on training courses within the educational activities of the Medical Faculty of Muenster.<br