Mitochondrial Data in Monocot Phylologenetics

Mitochondrial sequences are an important source of data in animal phylogenetics, equivalent in importance to plastid sequences in plants. However, in recent years plant systematists have begun exploring the mitochondrial genome as a source of phylogenetically useful characters. The plant mitochondrial genome is renowned for its variability in size, structure, and gene organization, but this need not be of concern for the application of sequence data in phylogenetics. However, the incorporation of reverse transcribed mitochondrial genes ( processed paralogs ) and the recurring transfer of genes from the mitochondrion to the nucleus are evolutionary events that must be taken into account. RNA editing of mitochondrial genes is sometimes considered a problem in phylogenetic reconstruction, but we regard it only as a mechanism that may increase variability at edited sites and change the codon position bias accordingly. Additionally, edited sites may prove a valuable tool in identifying processed paralogs. An overview of genes and sequences used in phylogenetic studies of angiosperms is presented. In the monocots, a large amount of mitochondrial sequence data is being collected together with sequence data from plastid and nuclear genes, thus offering an opportunity to compare data from different genomic compartments. The mitochondrial and plastid data are incongruent when organelle gene trees are reconstructed. Possible reasons for the observed incongruence involve sampling of paralogous sequences and highly divergent substitution rates, potentially leading to longbranch attraction. The above problems are addressed in Acorales, Alismatales, Poales, Liliaceae, the Anthericum clade (in Agavaceae), and in some achlorophyllous taxa

Houstonia caerulea

Angiosperm

Dryopteris × triploidea

Pteridophyte

Diphasiastrum × habereri

Pteridophyte

Dryopteris × triploidea

Pteridophyte

Huperzia × josephbeitelii

Pteridophyte

Observations on the growth, reproduction, and adaptations of Pyrola secunda L.

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/53660/1/2095.pdfDescription of 2095.pdf : Access restricted to on-site users at the U-M Biological Station

Corallorhiza striata

Angiosperm

Supplementary Figure 1

A. Identical Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Maximum Likelihood B. MP and ML topologies for rpl32-trnL spacer, and C. ML topology for combined dataset, excluding 15 indel character

C.striata_landmarks

Microsoft Excel spreadsheet containing raw coordinate data of labellum landmarks for the Corallorhiza striata complex In the first row are labels of each landmark (each appears twice, next each other). The row below these are the the X and Y-coordinate labels corresponding to each landmark (e.g. X2, Y2). Data represent positions (i.e. coordinates) on a pixel grid, and are not standard units of measurement. Row labels are voucher numbers for individuals. Data were colleced by Craig Barrett [[email protected]]