Алгоритм оценки климато-экологических параметров окружающей среды Евразии

В работе представлен алгоритм климатической кластеризации. Алгоритм позволяет проводить выделения климатических кластеров в различных пространственно-временных масштабах, используя описание температурных сигналов. Характеристики фазы и амплитуды температурных сигналов впервые применены в качестве критериев выделения климатических кластеров. В результате применения алгоритма климатической кластеризации удалось исходное пространство температурных сигналов структурировать в определенное количество климатических кластеров.The paper presents an algorithm for climate clustering. The algorithm allows to allocate clusters of clusters at various space-time scales, using the description of temperature signals. The characteristics of the phase and amplitude of the temperature signals were first applied as criteria for the isolation of climatic clusters. As a result of the application of the climate clustering algorithm, the initial space of temperature signals was structured into a certain number of climatic clusters

Interaction Between Arteriosclerosis and Amyloid-β on Cognitive Function

Background: Dementia is a multifactorial disease, with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular pathology often co-occurring in many individuals with dementia. Yet, the interplay between AD and vascular pathology in cognitive decline is largely undetermined. Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the joint effect of arteriosclerosis and AD pathology on cognition in the general population without dementia. Methods: We determined the interaction between blood-based AD biomarkers and CT-defined arteriosclerosis on cognition in 2,229 dementia-free participants of the population-based Rotterdam Study (mean age: 68.9 years, 52% women) crosssectionally. Results: Amyloid-β (Aβ)42 and arterial calcification were associated with cognitive performance. After further adjustment for confounders in a model that combined all biomarkers, only arterial calcification remained independently associated with cognition. There was a significant interaction between arterial calcification and Aβ42 and between arterial calcification and the ratio of Aβ42/40. Yet, estimates attenuated, and interactions were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for cardio metabolic risk factors. Conclusions: Arteriosclerosis and AD display additive interaction-effects on cognition in the general population, that are due in part to cardio metabolic risk factors. These findings suggest that joint assessment of arteriosclerosis and AD pathology is important for understanding of disease etiology in individuals with cognitive impairment.</p

Überblick über die neueren Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet des Wasserstoff-und Tritiumverhaltens in Hochtemperaturreaktoren

This report comprises the contributions of members of the "Institut für Reaktor-Entwicklung" (IRE) to the "Und Seminar on Hydrogen and Tritium Behaviour in High Temperature Reactors", which was held March 8, 1978, at KFA Jülich. At the beginning the problem is introduced and the investigations at IRE related to this area are presented in their context. Then follow the individual papers on the subjects mentioned. At first the experiences with the operation of the experimental facility AUWARM and the newest results in the current testing program are discussed. Therafter the model investigations with hydrogen and deuterium on the problem of hydrogen- and tritium permeation are reported and a computer program for balancing tritium in pebble-bed-HTRs is described. Last notleast the studies on the behaviour of tritium in matrix graphite and the experiments on primary coolant purification by titanium gettering are shortly communicated. The results given in this report are preliminary informations on the actual status of the current investigations

Effects of Interventions on Cerebral Perfusion in the Alzheimer's Disease Spectrum:A Systematic Review

Cerebral perfusion dysfunctions are seen in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We systematically reviewed the literature to investigate the effect of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on cerebral hemodynamics in randomized controlled trials involving AD patients or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) due to AD. Studies involving other dementia types were excluded. Data was searched in April 2021 on MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. A metasynthesis was performed separating results from MCI and AD studies. 31 studies were included and involved 310 MCI and 792 CE patients. The MCI studies (n = 8) included physical, cognitive, dietary, and pharmacological interventions. The AD studies (n = 23) included pharmacological, physical interventions, and phytotherapy. Cerebral perfusion was assessed with PET, ASL, Doppler, fNIRS, DSC-MRI, Xe-CT, and SPECT. Randomization and allocation concealment methods and subject characteristics such as AD-onset, education, and ethnicity were missing in several papers. Positive effects on hemodynamics were seen in 75 % of the MCI studies, and 52 % of the AD studies. Inserting cerebral perfusion outcome measures, together with established AD biomarkers, is fundamental to target all disease mechanisms and understand the role of cerebral perfusion in AD

Use of oral glucocorticoids and risk of skin cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a population-based case–control study

In North Jutland County, Denmark, we investigated whether use of oral glucocorticoids was associated with an increased risk of developing basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), malignant melanoma (MM), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). From the Danish Cancer Registry we identified 5422 BCC, 935 SCC, 983 MM, and 481 NHL cases during 1989–2003. Using risk-set sampling we selected four age- and gender-matched population controls for each case from the Civil Registration System. Prescriptions for oral glucocorticoids before diagnosis were obtained from the Prescription Database of North Jutland County on the basis of National Health Service data. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs), adjusting for chronic medical diseases (information about these were obtained from the National Patient Registry) and use of other immunosuppressants. We found slightly elevated risk estimates for BCC (IRR, 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07–1.25)), SCC (IRR, 1.14 (95% CI: 0.94–1.39)), MM (IRR, 1.15 (95% CI: 0.94–1.41), and NHL (IRR, 1.11 (95% CI: 0.85–1.46)) among users of oral glucocorticoids. Our study supports an overall association between glucocorticoid use and risk of BCC that cannot be explained by the presence of chronic diseases or concomitant use of other immunosuppressants

TAB2 deletions and variants cause a highly recognisable syndrome with mitral valve disease, cardiomyopathy, short stature and hypermobility

Deletions that include the gene TAB2 and TAB2 loss-of-function variants have previously been associated with congenital heart defects and cardiomyopathy. However, other features, including short stature, facial dysmorphisms, connective tissue abnormalities and a variable degree of developmental delay, have only been mentioned occasionally in literature and thus far not linked to TAB2. In a large-scale, social media-based chromosome 6 study, we observed a shared phenotype in patients with a 6q25.1 deletion that includes TAB2. To confirm if this phenotype is caused by haploinsufficiency of TAB2 and to delineate a TAB2-related phenotype, we subsequently sequenced TAB2 in patients with matching phenotypes and recruited patients with pathogenic TAB2 variants detected by exome sequencing. This identified 11 patients with a deletion containing TAB2 (size 1.68-14.31 Mb) and 14 patients from six families with novel truncating TAB2 variants. Twenty (80%) patients had cardiac disease, often mitral valve defects and/or cardiomyopathy, 18 (72%) had short stature and 18 (72%) had hypermobility. Twenty patients (80%) had facial features suggestive for Noonan syndrome. No substantial phenotypic differences were noted between patients with deletions and those with intragenic variants. We then compared our patients to 45 patients from the literature. All literature patients had cardiac diseases, but syndromic features were reported infrequently. Our study shows that the phenotype in 6q25.1 deletions is caused by haploinsufficiency of TAB2 and that TAB2 is associated not just with cardiac disease, but also with a distinct phenotype, with features overlapping with Noonan syndrome. We propose the name "TAB2-related syndrome"