135 research outputs found
Two-magnon Raman scattering in insulating cuprates: Modifications of the effective Raman operator
Calculations of Raman scattering intensities in spin 1/2 square-lattice
Heisenberg model, using the Fleury-Loudon-Elliott theory, have so far been
unable to describe the broad line shape and asymmetry of the two magnon peak
found experimentally in the cuprate materials. Even more notably, the
polarization selection rules are violated with respect to the
Fleury-Loudon-Elliott theory. There is comparable scattering in and
geometries, whereas the theory would predict scattering in only
geometry. We review various suggestions for this discrepency and
suggest that at least part of the problem can be addressed by modifying the
effective Raman Hamiltonian, allowing for two-magnon states with arbitrary
total momentum. Such an approach based on the Sawatzsky-Lorenzana theory of
optical absorption assumes an important role of phonons as momentum sinks. It
leaves the low energy physics of the Heisenberg model unchanged but
substantially alters the Raman line-shape and selection rules, bringing the
results closer to experiments.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, revtex. Contains some minor revisions from
previous versio
Lepton flavor violation decays in the topcolor-assisted technicolor model and the littlest Higgs model with parity
The new particles predicted by the topcolor-assisted technicolor ()
model and the littlest Higgs model with T-parity (called model) can
induce the lepton flavor violation () couplings at tree level or one loop
level, which might generate large contributions to some processes. Taking
into account the constraints of the experimental data on the relevant free
parameters, we calculate the branching ratios of the decay processes
with = , and
in the context of these two kinds of new physics models. We find
that the model and the model can indeed produce significant
contributions to some of these decay processes.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figure
Genomic analysis of two phlebotomine sand fly vectors of Leishmania from the New and Old World.
Phlebotomine sand flies are of global significance as important vectors of human disease, transmitting bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens, including the kinetoplastid parasites of the genus Leishmania, the causative agents of devastating diseases collectively termed leishmaniasis. More than 40 pathogenic Leishmania species are transmitted to humans by approximately 35 sand fly species in 98 countries with hundreds of millions of people at risk around the world. No approved efficacious vaccine exists for leishmaniasis and available therapeutic drugs are either toxic and/or expensive, or the parasites are becoming resistant to the more recently developed drugs. Therefore, sand fly and/or reservoir control are currently the most effective strategies to break transmission. To better understand the biology of sand flies, including the mechanisms involved in their vectorial capacity, insecticide resistance, and population structures we sequenced the genomes of two geographically widespread and important sand fly vector species: Phlebotomus papatasi, a vector of Leishmania parasites that cause cutaneous leishmaniasis, (distributed in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa) and Lutzomyia longipalpis, a vector of Leishmania parasites that cause visceral leishmaniasis (distributed across Central and South America). We categorized and curated genes involved in processes important to their roles as disease vectors, including chemosensation, blood feeding, circadian rhythm, immunity, and detoxification, as well as mobile genetic elements. We also defined gene orthology and observed micro-synteny among the genomes. Finally, we present the genetic diversity and population structure of these species in their respective geographical areas. These genomes will be a foundation on which to base future efforts to prevent vector-borne transmission of Leishmania parasites
Desempenho de bezerros aleitados com soro de queijo em associação ao colostro
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de bezerros mestiços, aleitados com soro de queijo em associação ao colostro. Foram utilizados 24 bezerros Holandês x Zebu, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e oito repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de: leite integral, 50% de leite integral + 50% de soro de queijo, e 30% de colostro + 70% de soro de queijo. O desenvolvimento dos bezerros foi avaliado até os 60 dias de idade, por meio de pesagens semanais e mensurações corporais. Para a estimativa de consumo, foram feitas medições diárias de consumo da dieta sólida, pelo método oferta/sobra. O desempenho econômico foi avaliado pelo cálculo de indicadores de custos e receitas, e de medidas de resultados econômicos. Não houve influência da dieta líquida sobre o consumo de matéria seca e sobre as médias de medidas corporais dos bezerros. Foram observadas diferenças significativas no ganho de peso dos animais na segunda e na quarta semanas de vida. A dieta com colostro apresentou o maior lucro adicional em comparação ao tratamento controle. A associação do soro de queijo ao colostro é a opção mais vantajosa economicamente, já que a substituição de 100% do leite por esses subprodutos não prejudicou o desempenho dos animais
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