Induced Ge Spin Polarization at the Fe/Ge Interface

We report direct experimental evidence showing induced magnetic moments on Ge at the interface in an Fe/Ge system. Details of the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and resonant magnetic scattering at the Ge L edge demonstrate the presence of spin-polarized {\it s} states at the Fermi level, as well as {\it d} character moments at higher energy, which are both oriented antiparallel to the moment of the Fe layer. Use of the sum rules enables extraction of the L/S ratio, which is zero for the {\it s} part and $\sim0.5$ for the {\it d} component. These results are consistent with layer-resolved electronic structure calculations, which estimate the {\it s} and {\it d} components of the Ge moment are anti-parallel to the Fe {\it 3d} moment and have a magnitude of $\sim0.01 \mu_B$.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

From Star Wars to Space Wars - The Next Strategic Frontier: Paradigms to Anchor Space Security

Military blueprints by major space-faring powers now encapsulate concepts of ‘space support’ and ‘force enhancement’ which point to a central role of space assets in facilitating military operations while notions of ‘space control’ and ‘force application’ suggest the weaponization of space, and the putative view that space may in the near future be a theatre of military operations. As defence goals increasingly focus on space as the final frontier evident in development of national missile defence systems, anti-satellite weapons and other space-based systems, international peace and security faces a new challenge. Creators of the current legal regime for space failed to foresee the rapid rate at which technological and engineering breakthroughs would take place. Now the shortcomings in the current regime beg the question of how the law can keep up and address space technology. It is imperative that the international community act now rather than later. In light of the existing lacunae in the international space law regime, this Article seeks to explore avenues/paradigms through which the militarization of space may be regulated and its weaponization addressed