The Effect of Servant Leadership on Nonprofit Workplace Conflict

Workplace conflict depletes nonprofit organizations of valuable time and energy. Organizations spend millions of dollars because of the financial and human cost of unresolved interpersonal conflict in the workplace that stem from ineffective leadership behaviors. A leader’s ineffective behaviors have been linked to the organizational pressures that can cause and spread counterproductive workplace behavior, which results in interpersonal conflict and great financial cost. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine the relationship between servant leadership behaviors and interpersonal workplace conflict in nonprofit organizational settings in the United States. Specifically, the intended goal of this research was to understand if leaders utilizing a servant leadership style reduced interpersonal conflict in the workplace. Correlational analysis investigated the relationships between servant leadership and interpersonal workplace conflict, using an online survey of 329 nonprofit employees in the United States. Participants completed the Servant Leadership Survey that measures servant leadership behaviors through eight subscales and the Interpersonal Conflict in Organizations Scale that measures interpersonal workplace conflict through four subscales. Overall, results suggested a significant negative relationship between higher levels of servant leadership and lower levels of interpersonal workplace conflict. The results support the initial hypothesis that higher levels of servant leadership lead to lower levels of interpersonal conflict in the workplace

EXPLORING THE EFFECT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON NONPROFIT LEADER COMMITMENT

Transformational leadership has been widely researched in for-profit organizations; however, it lacks empirical support among nonprofit organizations (Palumbo, 2016; Riggio, Bass, & Orr, 2003), as does servant leadership theory. The intent of this study was to extend previous research on transformational leadership and employee engagement and to determine whether nonprofit employees are more committed in organizations in which transformational leadership is the primary leadership style and encourage similar research on servant leadership in nonprofit organizational settings. Drawing from a survey of 389 nonprofit employees in the United States, correlational analysis found that transformational leadership significantly linked to one of the three components of organizational commitment (normative commitment). Based on these findings, this article highlights implications and suggestions for future research as well as empirical insights on how transformational and servant leadership need further study in the nonprofit sector

A study of the molecular variability of some South African isolates of tobacco necrosis virus

Bibliography: pages 109-118.The relationship of various tobacco necrosis viruses, isolated from various crops and other sources in South Africa was determined. An isolate from avocado was chosen for partial characterisation to confirm that it was a member of the Necrovirus group of plant viruses. TNV was detected in potatoes that exhibited abnormal necrotic foliar symptoms and a D-type TNV was isolated and identified from the Up-to-Date potato variety. Immunoelectroblotting assay grouped the TNV isolates studied into two serotypes (A and D). This result was confirmed by NA hybridization with probes derived to the coat protein of an A- (TNVWheat) and a D-type (TNV-Papaya green lesion) isolate. RT-PCR with A and D specific primers did not amplify the coat protein of three A- and D-type TNV isolates which appears to indicate that the detection by PCR with specific primers is too selective to be used for a general test, unless degenerate primers to a more conserved region of the coat protein gene are used. Sequence analysis of the coat protein gene was used to determine the phylogenetic relationship amongst nine TNV isolates examined and also by comparison to three isolates for which the coat protein gene had already been sequenced. Sequence analysis showed high degree of homology amongst the A-type isolates and the D-type isolates, with approximately 45 % homology between the two TNV types

Strategy, location and sampling of the Lias Group (2) ground movements : shrink/swell project

The authors published a report in 2002 describing the sampling of argillaceous formations of the Lias Group at twenty-eight sites in South Wales, Eastern and Southern England. This report forms an addendum to the original report and describes the sampling of further Liassic formations in the counties of Nottinghamshire and Lincolnshire. Weathered and unweathered material was collected as undisturbed block samples and disturbed bulk samples from exposed faces. The samples were taken to give representative geotechnical properties of the lithostratigraphic formations of the Lias Group present at the sampling sites in a weathered and unweathered condition, if possible. The location of each site is described briefly and is indicated on a 1:50K OS map base. The stratigraphic units present at the site are listed and the site indicated on a 1:50K geological map base. Photographs of sections and sampling sites are also present. The types of samples taken from each site are specified and difficulties regarding the sampling are indicated where appropriate

Particle size analysis of ninety-nine samples from the Clyde Estuary : laboratory report

This is a factual laboratory report presenting the results of the particle size analysis carried out on ninety-nine samples from the Estuary in February 2005. The work forms part of an overall study into the Estuary with Glasgow City Council

DISCOVERING NEW GENETIC AND PSYCHOSOCIAL PATHWAYS IN MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: THE NEWMOOD PROJECT

The World Health Organisation predicts that Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) will be the second greatest contributor to the global burden of disease by 2020, however, the neurobiological mechanisms behind the disease and the risk factors for it are yet unknown. NewMood (New Molecules for Mood Disorders) was a research project funded by the EU, collaborating work from 10 European countries with the aim of finding new molecular mechanisms behind MDD to develop more effective treatment options. This review explains the aims and objectives of NewMood and how it intends to achieve them with regards to the current literature. It also outlines two of its most recent projects: genome wide association replication study for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) increasing susceptibility to MDD and stress related pathways in depression using the cortisol awakening response (CAR). Both of these studies had significant results and could further contribute to our current understanding of MDD

Subgrade geology beneath railways in Manchester

It is not sufficient to identify fine-grained soils, only, as locations for potential subgrade problems as could be done using a traditional 2D geological map. More information is required about the geological structure, lithological variability, mineralogy, moisture content and geotechnical properties of the soil, much of which can be supplied by modern 3D geospatial databases. These databases can be interrogated at key depths to show the wide variability of geological materials and conditions beneath the ground surface. Geological outcrop and thickness of bedrock an superficial deposits (soils), plus the permeability and water table level are predicted from the Manchester geospatial model that is based on 6500 borehole records. Geological sections along railway routes are modelled and the locations of problem soils such as alluvium, till and glaciolacustrine deposits at outcrop and shallow subcrop are identified. Spatial attribution of geotechnical data and simple methods to recast sections in engineering geological terms are demonstrated

Landslides in the East Midlands

Great Britain is not a country renowned for its large landslides. It lacks the extreme climatic events and the mountainous regions that are associated with catastrophic landslides events elsewhere in the world. Nevertheless, landslides in Britain do have significant societal and economic impacts. Meteorological Office statistics have shown that 2012 was the second wettest year since collation of national records began in 1910. Tragically, this also saw the highest number for many years of fatalities due to landslides, including those at Burton Bradstock in Dorset and at Looe in Cornwall. Even so, these landslides contrast with recent events in China, in Afghanistan and in Washington, USA, where large and calamitous events claimed many lives. However, landslides are common enough in Great Britain, and there is currently a heightened awareness of these geological hazards, and this was largely due to extensive media reports in 2012 and 2013