Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

<p>Table 1 shows inclusion and exclusion criteria for study participants.</p><p>Inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p

Additional file 1: Questionnaire form S1. of Risk factors for Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli Ulcer) in Togo ─ a case-control study in Zio and Yoto districts of the maritime region

Questionnaire form used to collect data during the survey on risk factor for Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in Zio and Yoto districts of Maritime Region, Togo, May 19–30, 2017. (DOC 84 kb

Scar of secondary nodule at the back of the right thigh, September 2011.

<p>Scar of secondary nodule at the back of the right thigh, September 2011.</p

Scar of the primary nodule at the left costal arch, September 2010.

<p>Scar of the primary nodule at the left costal arch, September 2010.</p

Primary nodule at the left costal arch, June 2010.

<p>Primary nodule at the left costal arch, June 2010.</p

Clinical samples and laboratory results of primary and secondary BUD lesions.

<p><a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001747#pntd-0001747-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> shows samples collected from the primary and secondary lesions in July 2010 and 2011 and the corresponding laboratory results. “Neg” indicates a negative test result, “pos” indicates a positive test result.</p>a<p>MIC, microscopic examination of acid fast bacilli (AFB) following Ziehl-Neelsen staining conducted at CHR, DITM, and INH (samples from secondary lesion only).</p>b<p>IS<i>2404</i> PCR, conventional, single-step, gel-based IS<i>2404</i> polymerase-chain-reaction conducted at DITM.</p>c<p>IS<i>2404</i> qPCR, real-time quantitative IS<i>2404</i> polymerase-chain-reaction conducted at DITM.</p>d<p>16S RT qPCR, <i>Mycobacterium ulcerans</i>–specific reverse-transcription real-time quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction targeting the ribosomal 16S RNA of <i>M. ulcerans</i> conducted at DITM.</p>e<p>CUL, mycobacterial culture on Löwenstein-Jensen medium conducted at IML red, synlab, Asklepios Gauting, Germany.</p>f<p>FNA, fine-needle aspiration.</p>g<p>CLS, Puregene cell lysis solution, Qiagen, Germany.</p>h<p>ND, not done.</p>i<p>AFB, acid fast bacilli.</p>j<p>PANTA, transport medium for viable mycobacteria containing Polymyxin B, Amphotericin, Nalidixic acid, Trimethoprim, and Azlocillin.</p>k<p>No growth, culture result negative, no growth of acid fast bacilli.</p