Characteristics of 583 children from southern Rwanda.

<p>Cluster effects are taken into account.</p>a<p>, <i>n</i> = 582.</p

Selected clinical characteristics of 492 community children with or without <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> infection.

<p>Prevalence estimates take into account cluster effects.</p>*<p>, <i>P</i><0.05 as compared to uninfected children;</p>†<p>, <i>P</i><0.05 as compared to children infected with assemblage B parasites.</p

Distribution of <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> in children <5 years of age in Huye sector, Rwanda.

<p>Distribution of <i>Giardia duodenalis</i> in children <5 years of age in Huye sector, Rwanda.</p

Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with <i>Giardia duodenalis</i>.

<p>OR, odds ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval, aOR ^a, adjusted odds ratio, adjusted for all other factors shown in table and taking into account cluster effects (<i>n</i> = 576; R² = 0.24).</p

Prevalence of intestinal parasites in 583 children from southern Rwanda.

<p>Prevalence estimates take into account cluster effects.</p>a<p>, includes samples positive by microscopy only;</p>b<p>, includes 3/16 microscopically detected hookworms without PCR confirmation and species differentiation.</p

Associations of demographic, socio-economic and medical factors with infectious diseases, malnutrition and CRFs.

<p>Associations of demographic, socio-economic and medical factors with infectious diseases, malnutrition and CRFs.</p

Proportions of infectious diseases, malnutrition and cardio-metabolic risk factors in 188 adolescents in rural Ghana.

<p>Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. dark grey = infectious diseases, comprise malarial infection <i>plus</i> diagnoses of and symptoms compatible with another infectious disease; light grey = malnutrition, comprises underweight, stunting, iron deficiency and vitamin A deficiency; white = cardio-metabolic risk factors, comprise overweight, obesity, impaired fasting glucose and hypertension.</p

Clinical and anthropometric characteristics of 188 rural Ghanaian adolescents.

<p>Clinical and anthropometric characteristics of 188 rural Ghanaian adolescents.</p

Socio-demographic characteristics of 188 rural Ghanaian adolescents.

<p>Socio-demographic characteristics of 188 rural Ghanaian adolescents.</p

Venn diagram for the co-occurrences of infectious diseases, malnutrition and cardio-metabolic risk factors in 188 adolescents in rural Ghana.

<p>Data are presented as proportions of the total study population. Infectious diseases comprise malarial infection <i>plus</i> diagnoses of and symptoms compatible with another infectious disease; malnutrition comprises underweight, stunting, iron deficiency and vitamin A deficiency; cardio-metabolic risk factors comprise overweight, obesity, impaired fasting glucose and hypertension.</p