2,476 research outputs found
Bibliometric Indicators of Young Authors in Astrophysics: Can Later Stars be Predicted?
We test 16 bibliometric indicators with respect to their validity at the
level of the individual researcher by estimating their power to predict later
successful researchers. We compare the indicators of a sample of astrophysics
researchers who later co-authored highly cited papers before their first
landmark paper with the distributions of these indicators over a random control
group of young authors in astronomy and astrophysics. We find that field and
citation-window normalisation substantially improves the predicting power of
citation indicators. The two indicators of total influence based on citation
numbers normalised with expected citation numbers are the only indicators which
show differences between later stars and random authors significant on a 1%
level. Indicators of paper output are not very useful to predict later stars.
The famous -index makes no difference at all between later stars and the
random control group.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figure
Contracts in the Salmon Aquaculture Industry: An Analysis of Norwegian Salmon Exports
Sales and distribution innovations have increased productivity in the salmon aquaculture industry. In this article, we investigate the use of fixed price contracts for Norwegian salmon exports to France based on all export transactions between the two countries. Our analysis shows that almost 25% of these exports were traded using fixed price contracts and contract prices were renegotiated at different intervals, including as infrequently as once a year. Some contracts allow the contracting parties to adjust contract prices when the export price moves significantly. Benchmark analysis, which shows a marginal 0.5% difference between average unit revenue for the year from spot sales relative to contract sales, indicates that contracts primarily change revenue time profiles. The use of contracts creates a wedge between salmon export prices and spot prices in periods of price volatility, which in turn reduces price transmission.Contracts, salmon aquaculture, International Relations/Trade, Productivity Analysis, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, L14, Q22,
Asymptotic Derivation and Numerical Investigation of Time-Dependent Simplified Pn Equations
The steady-state simplified Pn (SPn) approximations to the linear Boltzmann
equation have been proven to be asymptotically higher-order corrections to the
diffusion equation in certain physical systems. In this paper, we present an
asymptotic analysis for the time-dependent simplified Pn equations up to n = 3.
Additionally, SPn equations of arbitrary order are derived in an ad hoc way.
The resulting SPn equations are hyperbolic and differ from those investigated
in a previous work by some of the authors. In two space dimensions, numerical
calculations for the Pn and SPn equations are performed. We simulate neutron
distributions of a moving rod and present results for a benchmark problem,
known as the checkerboard problem. The SPn equations are demonstrated to yield
significantly more accurate results than diffusion approximations. In addition,
for sufficiently low values of n, they are shown to be more efficient than Pn
models of comparable cost.Comment: 32 pages, 7 figure
The Non-Classical Boltzmann Equation, and Diffusion-Based Approximations to the Boltzmann Equation
We show that several diffusion-based approximations (classical diffusion or
SP1, SP2, SP3) to the linear Boltzmann equation can (for an infinite,
homogeneous medium) be represented exactly by a non-classical transport
equation. As a consequence, we indicate a method to solve diffusion-based
approximations to the Boltzmann equation via Monte Carlo, with only statistical
errors - no truncation errors.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure
Radial distributions of sub-populations in the globular cluster M15: a more centrally concentrated primordial population
We examine the radial distributions of stellar populations in the globular
cluster (GC) M15, using HST/WFC3 photometry of red giants in the
nitrogen-sensitive F343N-F555W color. Surprisingly, we find that giants with
"primordial" composition (i.e., N abundances similar to those in field stars)
are the most centrally concentrated within the WFC3 field. We then combine our
WFC3 data with SDSS u, g photometry and find that the trend reverses for radii
>1' (3 pc) where the ratio of primordial to N-enhanced giants increases
outwards, as already found by Lardo et al. The ratio of primordial to enriched
stars thus has a U-shaped dependency on radius with a minimum near the
half-light radius. N-body simulations show that mass segregation might produce
a trend resembling the observed one, but only if the N-enhanced giants are
~0.25 Mo less massive than the primordial giants, which requires extreme He
enhancement (Y~0.40). However, such a large difference in Y is incompatible
with the negligible optical color differences between primordial and enriched
giants which suggest Delta Y < 0.03 and thus a difference in turn-off mass of
Delta M < 0.04 Mo between the different populations. The radial trends in M15
are thus unlikely to be of dynamical origin and presumably reflect initial
conditions, a result that challenges all current GC formation scenarios. We
note that population gradients in the central regions of GCs remain poorly
investigated and may show a more diverse behavior than hitherto thought.Comment: 16 pages, accepted for Ap
New Frontiers of Quantified Self: Finding New Ways for Engaging Users in Collecting and Using Personal Data
In spite of the fast growth in the market of devices and applications that allow people to collect personal information, Quantified Self (QS) tools still present a variety of issues when they are used in everyday lives of common people. In this workshop we aim at exploring new ways for designing QS systems, by gathering different researchers in a unique place for imagining how the tracking, management, interpretation and visualization of personal data could be addressed in the future
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