The kappa coefficient between both physicians regarding the DN4-signs.

<p>The kappa coefficient between both physicians regarding the DN4-signs.</p

Flow diagram for the outcome of the physicians assessment and the NeuPSIG grading system.

<p>Present NePC: present neuropathic pain component; Undetermined: Both physicians disagree with each other about the existence of a neuropathic pain component; Absent NePC: absent neuropathic pain component; n = total number of patients in analysis PhA: Physicians assessment; GS: Neuropathic pain special interest group grading system (missing pain classification based on the grading system: n = 8).</p

The area under the curve and the sensitivity / specificity at the optimal cut-off point of the DN4 under the condition of equal costs of misclassification to classify a neuropathic pain component by the classification and the grading system of the physicians.

<p>The area under the curve and the sensitivity / specificity at the optimal cut-off point of the DN4 under the condition of equal costs of misclassification to classify a neuropathic pain component by the classification and the grading system of the physicians.</p

The median (IQR) and percentages of the items of the DN4 by physicians agreement of a NePC.

<p>The median (IQR) and percentages of the items of the DN4 by physicians agreement of a NePC.</p

Clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of the patients related to physicians agreement for the existence of a neuropathic pain component.

<p>Clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of the patients related to physicians agreement for the existence of a neuropathic pain component.</p

Loading factors of the items of the DN4 according to the rotated component matrix factor analysis.

<p>Loading factors of the items of the DN4 according to the rotated component matrix factor analysis.</p

The ROC curve of the DN4, DN4 symptoms and the DN4 signs to the probability of the presence of NePC as classified based on the assessment by the physicians (A and B).

<p>DN4: Doleur Neuropathique en 4 questions; DN4-symptoms: the items filled in by the patient; DN4 A: DN4-symptoms filled in by the patient and DN4-signs as asssessed by physicians A; DN4 B: DN4-symptoms filled in by the patient and DN4-signs as asssessed by physicians B; DN4 signs A: DN4-signs as asssessed by physicians A; DN4 signs B: DN4-signs as asssessed by physicians B.</p

Effect of 30 minutes SCS or sham stimulation on the intensity of the AFI signal and area of excitation in response to sciatic nerve electrical stimulation, in rats with partial ligation of the proximal sciatic nerve (Seltzer model).

<p>(A,D) Images of background fluorescence of the dorsal surface of the spinal cord at T13 of a sham (A) and SCS treated rat (D). (B,E) Area of excitation (yellow) on the ipsilateral side, directly after sham stimulation (B); after SCS, in this rat, there is no area exceeding the predefined ΔF/F level (E). (C) Time course of the intensity of the AFI signal after SCS or sham stimulation (T = 0 min), as a percentage of ΔF/F before treatment (T = -30 min), in 20×20 pixel square selections on the ipsilateral side at the L4-L6 spinal level. (F) Mean areas of excitation on the ipsilateral side directly after SCS or sham stimulation (T = 0 min), as a percentage of the areas before treatment (T = -30 min). Scale bar, 1 mm; Grayscale bar ranging from −0.75% (black) to +0.75% (white) of the 16-bit range; Error bars indicate SEM; *<i>p</i><0.05; paired <i>t</i>-tests; <i>n</i> = 7 SCS, <i>n</i> = 6 sham stimulation.</p

Behavioral data of rats that underwent partial ligation of the proximal sciatic nerve (Seltzer model).

<p>(A) Combined results of the von Frey withdrawal thresholds and hotplate latencies, at baseline and 10, 12 and 14 days after nerve ligation, from al 18 rats in the study, demonstrating tactile and thermal hyperalgesia. Error bars indicate SEM. <i>p</i><0.01; repeated measures ANOVAs, source of variation timepoint; ***<i>p</i><0.01; pairwise comparisons of day 0 versus day 10, 12 and 14, using Bonferroni correction. (B,C) Von Frey withdrawal thresholds (B) and hotplate latencies (C) from 7 neuropathic rats that subsequently underwent SCS and 6 neuropathic rats that subsequently underwent sham stimulation, demonstrating a similar degree of tactile and thermal hyperalgesia in both groups. Error bars indicate SEM. <i>p</i>>0.06; repeated measures ANOVAs, source of variation treatment.</p

Mean intensity of the AFI signal (A) and area of excitation (B) following nociceptive electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve, in naïve versus neuropathic rats (Seltzer model), on the ipsilateral (i) and contralateral (c) side of the nerve injury and nerve stimulation.

<p>Error bars indicate SEM; <i>n</i> = 20 naïve rats, <i>n</i> = 13 neuropathic rats.</p