<i>In vitro</i> sprouting of adipose- and dermal-EC in a fibrin matrix.

<p>A) Surface view of A-EC or D-EC sprouting in a fibrin matrix after stimulation with HMEC medium supplemented with 2 ng/ml TNF-α alone or in combination with 10 ng/ml bFGF or 25 ng/ml VEGF. B) H&E staining of fibrin matrices with A-EC or D-EC upon stimulation with HMEC medium supplemented with 2 ng/ml TNF-α alone (Control) or in combination with 10 ng/ml bFGF or 25 ng/ml VEGF. Quantification of sprouting in response to bFGF (C) or VEGF (D). Significance of the dose response effect was determined using a repeated measures one-way ANOVA. **P < 0.01, ***P<0.001. Data is shown for 5 donors as mean ± SEM. Grey bars represent A-EC and black bars D-EC. The scale bars represent 50 μm.</p

Surface marker expression in cultured endothelial cells derived from human adipose tissue or dermis

<p>Surface marker expression in cultured endothelial cells derived from human adipose tissue or dermis</p

Secretion of angiogenic factors, cytokines and chemokines by endothelial cells.

<p>A) Secretion of angiogenic factors 24 h after a 4 h exposure to 0, 2 and 10 ng/ml TNF-α. B) Secretion of cytokines and chemokines 24 h after a 4 h exposure to 0, 2 and 10 ng/ml TNF-α. Significance of the dose response curve was calculated using a one-way ANOVA followed by a Dunn’s multiple comparison test. Data is shown for 4 donors as mean ± SEM. Grey bars represent A-EC and black bars D-EC.</p

Proliferation of endothelial cells in response to bFGF or VEGF.

<p>A) Proliferation during normal culture conditions: lines of individual donors are shown, grey squares represent A-EC and black circles D-EC. B) 3H incorporation during 16h of proliferation of A-EC and D-EC in nutrient poor medium. C-D) Relative proliferation of A-EC and D-EC in response to bFGF or VEGF in nutrient poor medium. The dose-response curve to VEGF of dermal-EC shows more proliferation compared to adipose-EC (Cell type: *; two-way ANOVA followed by a Sidak’s multiple comparison test). *P<0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P<0.001. Data is shown for 4 donors as mean ± SEM. Grey bars represent A-EC and black bars D-EC. cpm = counts per minute.</p

Endothelial cell migration in response to bFGF in a wound healing scratch assay.

<p>A) Basal migration of A-EC and D-EC after 16h. B) Relative migration in response to bFGF after 16h. Significance of stimulation was determined using a one-way ANOVA test. *P<0.05, **P < 0.01. Data is shown for 3–5 donors as mean ± SEM. Grey bars represent A-EC and black bars D-EC.</p