Hybrid sturgeon 'AL' diets

In this experimentation, corn gluten (CG) and pea meal (PM) were tested as potential protein sources in hybrid sturgeon âALâ. One hundred and twentyâeight hybrid sturgeons âALâ (Acipenser naccarii A Acipenser baeri) (initial body weight 364.8 ± 4.5âg) were utilized with four experimental diets and four replicates each; the experimental design was 4 A 4. Four isonitrogenous [crude protein=40% dry matter (DM)] and isoenergetic (gross energy=20âMJâkgâ1 DM) diets were formulated containing different levels of CG with or without PM and tested against a control diet that was fish meal (FM) based. Diets were as follows: CG55 contained 55% of corn gluten; diet CG55PM25 contained 55% CG and 25% PM; diet CG45PM25 contained 45% of corn meal and 25% of PM; and diet FM was control, based on FM. Fish fed with the PM diet showed lower values of feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) (FCR=4.53 ± 2.51 in the CG55PM25 diet; FCR=4.09 ± 1.45 in the CG45PM25 diet; SGR=0.20 ± 0.07 in the CG55PM25 diet; SGR=0.19 ± 0.11 in the CG55PM25 diet). The results of tissue proximate composition confirmed the results obtained from productive traits. This study indicates that CG meal but not PM could be utilized as a substitute of FM in hybrid sturgeon âALâ nutrition

Utilization of Rice Protein Concentrate in Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt) Nutrition

The aim of this research is the substitution of fish meal with rice protein concentrate (RPC) in the nutrition of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) diet. 240 sturgeons of initial mean body weight of 19.1±6.7 g were used. 3 isonitrogeonous (CP 42.4%) and isoenergetic (19.9 KJg-1 DM) diets were formulated with 20% of RPC inclusion (R20), 35% inclusion (R35), 53% inclusion (R53) against a control diet, fish meal based (FM); feeding ratio was 1.5% of BW. All the diets and fish fillets were analyzed to determine the proximate composition. The diet amino acid composition was measured and fillet colour was detected at the end of experimentation. Fish growth showed very good performances of sturgeon fed with high RPC inclusion, but these data were not considered conclusive because of technical problems during the experimentation. However, considering that the highest level of RPC in the sturgeon diets corresponded to an almost complete substitution of fish meal in the fish diet, the result obtained from fish quality analysis showed no adverse effect of experimental diets, with the only limitation of high muscle lipid storage, in fish fed with highest level of RPC inclusion.10.4194/1303-2712-v15_2_1310.4194/1303-2712-v15_2_1

Effects of Spirulina and plant oil on the growth and lipid traits of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) fingerlings

The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of diets with Spirulina and plant oils (POs) inclusion for white sturgeon weaning and their effects on the fatty acid (FA) composition of fish flesh. Three isoproteic (45%) and isoenergetic (21 MJ kg−1 DM) diets were formulated: one fish meal-based diet integrated with fish oil (FMO) and two 40% Spirulina meal-based diets integrated with corn (SPC) or soybean (SPS) oils respectively. One hundred and thirty-five white sturgeon fingerlings (mean weight 17.5 g) were stocked randomly in nine fibreglass tanks. At the end of the trial, which lasted 71 days, the growth performance traits and somatic indexes were determined. The chemical composition, gross energy and FA profile were determined on the fish fillets. No significant effects were observed for the growth performances or fillet chemical composition. The FA profile of the fillets reflected those of the diets. In particular, the fillets of the fish fed with the SPC and SPS diets were lower in n-3 FA, due to the substitution of fish oil (FO) with POs. It is possible to replace FO and meal in sturgeon; therefore, Spirulina meal integrated with POs could be a good alternative to sturgeon diet

Enhanced expression of human endogenous retroviruses in new-onset type 1 diabetes: Potential pathogenetic and therapeutic implications

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) have been studied and proposed as relevant cofactors in several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), though with controversial results and no study at disease onset. In order to gather further information on the potential role of HERVs in the development of T1D we assessed the transcription levels of pol genes of HERV-H, HERV-K, and HERV-W in peripheral leucocytes from 37 children and adolescents with new-onset T1D and 50 age-matched control subjects. A PCR real time Taqman amplification assay was used to evaluate HERV transcripts with normalisation of the results to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The expression levels of HERV-H-pol gene and HERV-W-pol gene were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control subjects. Conversely, no significant difference emerged in the expression levels of HERV-K-pol gene between diabetic patients and controls. The activation of HERV-H and HERV-W in new-onset T1D suggests their importance in the pathogenesis of the disease and supports targeted therapeutic attempts to hinder their activation