General linear model with eGFR as the dependent variable.

<p>eGFR =  estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL =  high-density lipoprotein.</p

Logistic regression analyses adjusted for gender of the association between study group subjects and CKD.

<p>CKD =  chronic kidney disease.</p

Peripheral and aortic hemodynamic parameters of the study population according to glucose tolerance status.

*<p>χ² test; NGT  =  normal glucose tolerance; IGT  =  impaired glucose tolerance; DM  =  diabetes mellitus; BMI  =  body mass index; ISI  =  insulin sensitivity index; MS  =  metabolic syndrome; hs-CRP  =  high sensitivity C reactive protein; BP  =  blood pressure; PP  =  pulse pressure; c = central; PWV  =  pulse wave velocity; AP  =  augmentation pressure; AI  =  augmentation index.</p

Stepwise multiple regression analysis on pulse wave velocity as dependent variable in whole study population and in NGT subjects with different glucose tolerance status.

<p>hs-CRP  =  high sensitivity C-reactive protein.</p

Monitoring safety and use of old and new treatment options for type 2 diabetic patients: a two-year (2013–2016) analysis

<p><b>Objective</b>: To compare patients’ and physicians’ perceptions regarding effectiveness and tolerability of non-insulin hypoglycemic drugs in a cohort of type 2 diabetic patients; to verify whether a possible tridimensional link between effectiveness, tolerability, and adherence affects long-term therapeutic outcomes.</p> <p><b>Methods</b>: A two-year observational study was performed in 1389 Type 2 diabetic patients by involving general practitioner clinics and Diabetes Centers. A decimal scale and the Morisky questionnaire were used, respectively, to assess effectiveness and tolerability perceptions, and medication adherence.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: Physicians perceived therapy as more efficacious compared to their patients: perceived effectiveness was steady for physicians during the study whereas patients’ perception not significantly decreased (mean score from >8 to 7.84 ± 1.69). Physicians assigned higher tolerability scores compared to patients but only at the beginning of the study; interestingly, physicians’ tolerability perception was poorer than patients’ perception at last follow-up (mean score = 7.57 ± 1.40 vs. 7.88 ± 1.84). Favorable (score >7) patients’ perceptions about treatment effectiveness and tolerability were associated with higher adherence. Patients showed medium adherence across the study.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b>: A mutual relationship between clinical effectiveness, adverse drug reactions, and adherence has been established, significantly impacting the clinical management of diabetic patients. A careful monitoring of this link by clinicians appears therefore necessary.</p

Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of the study population according to glucose tolerance status.

<p>Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of the study population according to glucose tolerance status.</p

Stepwise multiple regression analysis on augmentation pressure as dependent variable in whole study population and in NGT subjects with different glucose tolerance status.

<p>BMI  =  body mass index; BP  =  blood pressure.</p

Stepwise multiple regression analysis on augmentation index as dependent variable in whole study population and in NGT subjects with different glucose tolerance status.

<p>BMI  =  body mass index.</p

Anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of the study subjects stratified according to the glucose tolerance.

<p>Data are means ± SD. Comparisons between the three groups were performed using a general linear model with <i>post hoc</i> Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. <i>P</i> values refer to results after analyses with adjustment for age, gender, and BMI.</p>*<p><i>P</i> values refer to results after analyses with adjustment for gender.</p>**<p><i>P</i> values refer to results after analyses with adjustment for age and gender. Categorical variables were compared by χ² test.</p

Prevalence of enthesopathic changes in plantar fascia from patients and controls.

<p>Prevalence of enthesopathic changes in plantar fascia from patients and controls.</p