Genetic diversity within sampling sites and selected geographical regions.

<p>Indices of diversity are reported for microsatellites and sequence markers. <i>A</i>: mean allelic richness; <i>A</i>’: number of private alleles; <i>H</i>_E: Nei’s gene diversity; <i>H</i>_o: observed heterozygosity; <i>F</i>_IS: multi-locus inbreeding coefficient (* if significant). Haplotypes frequencies are listed for each population and coded as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131530#pone.0131530.g003" target="_blank">Fig 3</a>; <i>H</i>: haplotype diversity; π: nucleotide diversity.</p

Environmental predictors used to model the Ecological Niche of <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i>.

<p>The relative importance of each environmental predictor (when modelled alone and when added to a model) was assessed using True Skill Statistics (TSS). Asterisks show the predictors included in the ensemble of best transferable models. LT: long-term (1990–2010) monthly mean; RM: remote sensing; DO: direct observation; Resol.: original resolution of data.</p

Factorial Correspondence Analysis (FCA) scatter diagram.

<p>Individual multilocus genotypes of <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i> are labelled according to their geographical region of origin.</p

Unrooted NJ tree based on Nei’s <i>D</i>_A pairwise distances.

<p>Circles represent the inferred organelle lineages. Population codes as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131530#pone.0131530.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p

Genetic subdivision based on structure.

<p>The proportions of individual multilocus genotypes of <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i> (vertical bars) assigned to each of the 3 virtual genetic groups are depicted in a different color. Population codes as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131530#pone.0131530.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p

Organelle phylogeographies.

<p>Genealogies (insets) and geographic distributions (maps) of <b>a)</b><i>cox</i>3 and <b>b)</b><i>rbc</i> haplotypes sampled throughout the range (black shoreline) of <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i>. Pie charts depict haplotype frequencies at each site (white dots, see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131530#pone.0131530.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for site codes and haplotype IDs). The horizontal dashed lines delimit the geographical subdivisions considered. In the networks sampled haplotypes are represented by circles sized to their global frequency, links represent a single nucleotide change and black dots represent inferred, unsampled haplotypes. <i>Rbc</i> haplotypes B1, B2 and B5 differ in a pentanucleotide repeat.</p

Potential (modelled) distribution of <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i> in the present and in the near-future.

<p>Maps depict the estimated probability of occurrence (as a function of habitat suitability) determined by ensembling multiple MARS and BRT models for the present using <b>a</b>) circulation models, and <b>b</b>) remote sensing data; and near-future range projections for 2040–2050 (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) and 2090–2100 (<b>e</b>,<b>f</b>), according to the RCP2.6 (<b>c</b>, <b>e</b>) and RCP8.5 (<b>d</b>, <b>f</b>) emission scenarios.</p

Geographic patterns of (nuclear) genetic diversity and differentiation.

<p><b>(a)</b> Nei’s gene diversity (<i>H</i>_E) of populations regressed against latitude. <b>(b)</b> Box-plot of <i>D</i>_est pairwise differentiation of populations and regional <i>H</i>_E (stars) within Morocco (N = 5), Iberia (N = 8) and Brittany/British Isles (C Europe, N = 5).</p

Genetic diversity within sampling sites and selected geographical regions.

<p>Indices of diversity are reported for microsatellites and sequence markers. <i>A</i>: mean allelic richness; <i>A</i>’: number of private alleles; <i>H</i>_E: Nei’s gene diversity; <i>H</i>_o: observed heterozygosity; <i>F</i>_IS: multi-locus inbreeding coefficient (* if significant). Haplotypes frequencies are listed for each population and coded as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131530#pone.0131530.g003" target="_blank">Fig 3</a>; <i>H</i>: haplotype diversity; π: nucleotide diversity.</p

Interrelationships among skeletal age, growth status and motor performances in female athletes 10–15 years

Motor performances of youth are related to growth and maturity status, among other factors. To estimate the contribution of skeletal maturity status per se to the motor performances of female athletes aged 10–15 years and the mediation effects of growth status on the relationships. Skeletal age (TW3 RUS SA), body size, proportions, estimated fat-free mass (FFM), motor performances, training history and participation motivation were assessed in 80 non-skeletally mature female participants in several sports. Hierarchical and regression-based statistical mediation analyses were used. SA per se explained a maximum of 1.8% and 5.8% of the variance in motor performances of athletes aged 10–12 and 13–15 years, respectively, over and above that explained by covariates. Body size, proportions, and hours per week of training and participation motivation explained, respectively, a maximum of 40.7%, 18.8%, and 22.6% of the variance in performances. Mediation analysis indicated specific indirect effects of SA through stature and body mass, alone or in conjunction with FFM on performances. SA per se accounted for small and non-significant amounts of variance in several motor performances of female youth athletes; rather, SA influenced performances indirectly through effects on stature, body mass and estimated FFM.</p