Primjena nove smjese i tehnologije granulacije sirovine za proces sinterovanje željezne rude

This paper presents a new technology for preparing the mixture for iron ore sintering process. The nature of component mixing and granulation has been discussed. The application of the intensive mixer in the preparation of the process components has been shown. The results of the analysis of the sintering mixture granulation process using laboratory installation for mixing and granulation have been presented.Članak donosi nove tehnologije za primjenu smjese za sinterovanje željezne rude. Raspravljena je priroda komponenti smjese i granulacija. Prikazana je intenzivna primjena smjese u pripremnom procesu komponenti. Prikazani su, rabljenjem laboratorijske opreme za smjesu i granulaciju, rezultati analiza granulacije sinterovane smjese

Animating sign language in the real time

The paper presents selected problems of visualizing animated sign language sentences in real time. The presented solution is a part of a system for translation of texts into the sign language. The animation and graphical techniques applied in the system are briefly presented, but the main problems discussed are: how to specify the sign language and how to interpret such a specification. A concise, easy-to-use Szczepankowski's gestographic notation has been adopted. It is widely used in the Polish deaf community. It has been originally intended to be used by humans; thus a part of information it holds is incomplete, inexact, in many cases highly intuitive. The automatic interpretation has to reconstruct all the information that lacks. Another group of problems we have encountered involves issues of kinematics: the motion is to be generated depending on the information that is very general. Techniques like reverse kinematics and collision detecting and avoiding have to be applied. In effect the system is capable to demonstrate gestures as well as whole sentences on the basis of the notation, that is easy for humans to create and to read

Use of artificial neural networks in the miscanthus briquetting process simulation

Sztuczne sieci neuronowe (SSN) są uważane za jedno z najnowszych narzędzi, które są wykorzystywane do rozwiązywania skomplikowanych problemów, które nie mogą być rozwiązane za pomocą konwencjonalnych metod. W badaniach wykorzystano SSN jako narzędzia do symulacji i optymalizacji procesu produkcji brykietów. Proces ten składa się z trzech etapów: rozdrabniania wstępnego na sieczkarni toporowej, mielenia na młynie bijakowym i zagęszczania w brykieciarce tłokowej. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych symulacji opracowano zalecenia dotyczące optymalnych parametrów prowadzenia procesu produkcji brykietów z miskanta (teoretycznej długości sieczki, średnicy sita młyna i ciśnienia brykietowania). Stwierdzono, że najkorzystniejsze jest przyjęcie teoretycznej długości sieczki równej 10 mm i średnicy sita 15 mm. Zapewnia to minimalną energochłonność procesu produkcji brykietu. Parametry jakościowe brykietu (trwałość i gęstość) należy regulować wartością ciśnienia brykietowania.Artificial neural networks (ANN) are considered to be one of the newest tools that are used to solve complex problems that can not be solved by conventional methods. The study used an ANN as a tool to simulate and optimize the production of briquettes. This process consists of three stages: preliminary shredding process carried out using flywheel cutter, grinding in a beater wheel mill, and compacting in the briquetting piston machine. Based on simulations performed, we developed recommendations for the optimal production parameters of miscanthus briquette (theoretical chop length, diameter sieve mill and briquetting pressure). It was found that the best is to adopt a theoretical chop length equal to 10 mm and 15 mm diameter sieve. This ensures minimal energy consumption during production of briquettes. Quality parameters of briquette (durability and density) should be regulated by briquetting pressure value

Heat source selection preferences in heating systems of private residential buildings

W artykule scharakteryzowano paliwa konwencjonalne i odnawialne. Przeanalizowano wady i zalety różnych paliw stosowanych do ogrzewania domów. Na podstawie wyników badań ankietowych określono kryteria jakimi kierowali się inwestorzy przy doboru źródła ciepła do systemu grzewczego w indywidualnych budynkach mieszkalnych. Najważniejszym kryterium były koszty inwestycyjne i eksploatacyjne (42,5%).W This paper describes conventional and renewable fuels. We analyzed the pros and cons of various fuels used to heat homes. Based on the results of the survey which sets out the criteria guided the selection of investors with a heat source to the heating system in individual residential buildings. The most important criteria were the capital and operating costs (42.5%)

Determinants combustion and co-combustion of biomass

W artykule omówiony problem spalania i współspalania biopaliw. Przedstawione zostały działania podjęte przez kraje UE, sprzyjające wykorzystaniu biomasy jako paliwa stałego. Zwrócono również uwagę na problemy towarzyszące zastosowaniu biopaliw w istniejących systemach spalania.In the article was discussed the problem of combustion and co-combustion of biofuels. The action which has been taken by the EU were presented, favoring the usage of biomass as a solid fuel. The attention was also drew to the problems associated with the use of biofuels in existing combustion systems