Key performance indicators of ‘good practices’ of energy efficiency in industry: application to real cases in Italy and in the European Union

With the publication of the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) in 2012, energy savings in the Industry processes have gained more and more importance in the European Union (EU). Industry (with building and transport) is one of the three main sectors where Energy consumption and efficiency play a fundamental role, to accomplish the EU energy objectives. Many countries in EU have already adopted schemes and mechanisms to implement the Directive: however deep differences of approaches still remain among the Member States (MSs), especially with respect to the identification of the real benefits of measures and to the assessment of their efficiency and sustainability. As a consequence, a huge amount of the efficiency potential still remains untapped. This paper proposes some criteria for the evaluation of the applied Energy Efficiency measures, leading to the identification of Good Practices of Energy Efficiency. These criteria are taken from the ‘real world’ of industry, and are susceptible to be replicated in other contexts (e.g. different sectors or other countries). The proposed criteria have been developed in the EU H2020 project EU MERCI (nr 693845) and through a national research (part of the ‘Ricerca di Sistema’ national funding system) both coordinated by RSE. The starting point is the harmonization of data sets related to projects developed in different EU countries within local efficiency implementation schemes. The second step is the definition of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) reflecting the impact of measures against Energy, Environment and Economic aspects. The last step is the extraction of efficiency ‘Good Practices’ ranked according to the identified KPIs and other factors, including social elements. The real added value of this approach is that it is full based on tangibly implemented projects, in opposition to similar attempts, essentially theoretical. Ultimately, it offers a key of assessment of the effectiveness of efficiency measures implementing local and EU policies

Valutazione degli effetti di scavi in falda sui cedimenti strutturali di edifici mediante utilizzo di tecniche satellitari SAR

none3A. Ferretti; G. Franchioni; L. JurinaFerretti, Alessandro; G., Franchioni; Jurina, Lorenz

Further New Projects in Italy for the Development of Innovative Techniques for the Seismic Protection of Cultural Heritage

ABSTRACT Particular attention has been devoted by ENEA for several years to the development, validation and application of innovative techniques applicable to the seismic protection of cultural heritage, in the framework of European and national projects. ENEA actively participated in the REEDS and ISTECH Project, funded by the European Commission (EC), which allowed the development of devices capable of improving the stability of such structures, in particular their seismic protection. In ISTECH, Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Devices (SMADs) were developed and employed in the demo-application foreseen by the project itself, which was the restoration of the Bell-Tower of the San Giorgio in Trignano Church at San Martino in Rio (Reggio Emilia, Italy), which had been severely damaged by the 1996 Modena and Reggio Emilia earthquake. It is worthwhile stressing that, contrary to other structures which had been restored in a conventional way, the Trignano Bell-Tower did not suffer any damage during the earthquake which struck again the Reggio Emilia and Modena Districts in June 2000. Moreover, in the framework of ISTECH exploitation, two further pilot applications of SMADs were completed during the restoring intervention: to the transept tympana of the St Francis at Assisi and to the San Feliciano Cathedral facade at Foligno (Perugia, Italy), both heavily damaged by the 1997 Marche and Umbria earthquake. At present, further research projects, heavily involving ENEA, are in progress or have been proposed for the development and pilot application of innovative techniques for the seismic protection of cultural heritage; in particular: -the PROSEESM Project of the PARNASO Program, approved by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MURST); two possible pilot applications of SI (coupled to other techniques) for the restoration of damaged cultural heritage structures have already been identified (the San Giovanni Battista Church at Apagni, Sellano, and the Santa Lucia Church at Aggi, Nocera Umbra (Perugia District), both severely damaged by the 1997 Marche and Umbria earthquake, with the agreement of the Superintendent for cultural heritage of Umbria Region. Further structures, for pilot applications of techniques also different from SI will be soon identified, contacting the Superintendent for cultural heritage of Marche Region; -a feasibility study for the reconstruction, with seismic isolation (SI) in the original site and with the original materials, of Mevale di Visso, Macerata, Italy (a village destroyed by the 1997 Marche and Umbria earthquake), entrusted to ENEA by the Marche Region Technical and Scientific Committee; -the 3d isolation of the roman archaeological ship, in the framework of a collaboration between Archaeological Superintendent of Pompei-Ercolano, Istituto Centrale del Restauro and ENEA. In this paper, other promising innovative antiseismic techniques (with realized and possible applications) are also reported

FURTHER NEW PROJECTS IN ITALY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR THE SEISMIC PROTECTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE

ABSTRACT Particular attention has been devoted by ENEA for several years to the development, validation and application of innovative techniques applicable to the seismic protection of cultural heritage, in the framework of European and national projects. ENEA actively participated in the REEDS and ISTECH Project, funded by the European Commission (EC), which allowed the development of devices capable of improving the stability of such structures, in particular their seismic protection. In ISTECH, Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Devices (SMADs) were developed and employed in the demo-application foreseen by the project itself, which was the restoration of the Bell-Tower of the San Giorgio in Trignano Church at San Martino in Rio (Reggio Emilia, Italy), which had been severely damaged by the 1996 Modena and Reggio Emilia earthquake. It is worthwhile stressing that, contrary to other structures which had been restored in a conventional way, the Trignano Bell-Tower did not suffer any damage during the earthquake which struck again the Reggio Emilia and Modena Districts in June 2000. Moreover, in the framework of ISTECH exploitation, two further pilot applications of SMADs were completed during the restoring intervention: to the transept tympana of the St Francis at Assisi and to the San Feliciano Cathedral facade at Foligno (Perugia, Italy), both heavily damaged by the 1997 Marche and Umbria earthquake. At present, further research projects, heavily involving ENEA, are in progress or have been proposed for the development and pilot application of innovative techniques for the seismic protection of cultural heritage; in particular: -the PROSEESM Project of the PARNASO Program, approved by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MURST); two possible pilot applications of SI (coupled to other techniques) for the restoration of damaged cultural heritage structures have already been identified (the San Giovanni Battista Church at Apagni, Sellano, and the Santa Lucia Church at Aggi, Nocera Umbra (Perugia District), both severely damaged by the 1997 Marche and Umbria earthquake, with the agreement of the Superintendent for cultural heritage of Umbria Region. Further structures, for pilot applications of techniques also different from SI will be soon identified, contacting the Superintendent for cultural heritage of Marche Region; -a feasibility study for the reconstruction, with seismic isolation (SI) in the original site and with the original materials, of Mevale di Visso, Macerata, Italy (a village destroyed by the 1997 Marche and Umbria earthquake), entrusted to ENEA by the Marche Region Technical and Scientific Committee; -the 3d isolation of the roman archaeological ship, in the framework of a collaboration between Archaeological Superintendent of Pompei-Ercolano, Istituto Centrale del Restauro and ENEA. In this paper, other promising innovative antiseismic techniques (with realized and possible applications) are also reported