Developing serious games specifically adapted to people suffering from Alzheimer

To face new challenges caused by society aging, several researchers have initiated the experimentation of serious games as a re-education platform to help slowing down the decline of people suffering from Alzheimer. In the last few years, academic studies have been conducted and some commercial products (Nintendo’s Brain Age, Big Brain Academy, etc.) have emerged. Nevertheless, these initiatives suffer from multiple important limitations since they do not really suit perceptual and interaction needs of silver-aged gamers, more specifically people suffering from Alzheimer disease. In an effort to address this important issue, we present in this paper a set of specific guidelines for designing and implementing effective serious games targeting silver-aged and Alzheimer’s patients. Our guidelines cover the following aspects: (i) choosing right in-game challenges, (ii) designing appropriate interaction mechanisms for cognitively impaired people, (iii) implementing artificial intelligence for providing adequate assistive prompting and dynamic difficulty adjustments, (iv) producing effective visual and auditory assets to maximize cognitive training. Also, as a case study, we present the prototype of our new serious game for Alzheimer’s patients

Time-course full profiling of circulating miRNAs in neurologically deceased organ donors: a proof of concept study to understand the onset of the cytokine storm

Neurologically deceased organ donors (NDDs) generally display an immune response involving an intense production of pro-inflammatory cytokines referred to as the cytokine storm. The sudden surge of inflammatory mediators in circulation promotes tissue and organ damages and ultimately leads to poor transplant outcome. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are frequently proposed as key regulators of inflammation and are relatively stable in circulation, changes in their profiles could play a role in the onset of the cytokine storm in NDDs. In this proof-of-concept study, we sought to investigate differentially abundant circulating miRNAs in a temporal manner between neurological death and organ recovery and to assess the association between specific miRNAs and levels of inflammatory cytokines in blood. Plasma samples from five NDDs were obtained at multiple time points between organ donation consent and organ recovery. Using a time-course analysis and miRNA sequencing, we identified 32 plasma miRNAs fluctuating between consent and organ recovery (false discovery rate; q-value 100 reads) and detected in all samples were selected for further biological pathway analysis (miR-486-3p, miR-103a-3p, miR-106b-3p, miR-182-5p, miR-101-3p, miR-10a-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR-146b-5p, miR-26a-5p, miR-423-5p, miR-92b-3p). These miRNAs targeted genes such as c-JUN (TNF signalling pathway) and eEF2 (AMPK pathway), suggesting a potential role in regulation of inflammation. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the miRNAs dynamic after neurological death in organ donors and could potentially be used to predict the related early cytokine storm.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03786991. Registered December 201