Treatment of patent ductus arteriosus by placement of intravascular coils in a pup

A 3-month-old female mixed-breed pup was referred for evaluation and treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Selective angiography was performed to confirm the diagnosis. A cone-shaped PDA with a large aortic base was outlined. A second selective angiographic procedure was performed to functionally close the PDA by use of thrombotic coils; complete obstruction was obtained. Twenty-four hours after the procedure, the murmur disappeared. One month later, the dog was reexamined and found to be clinically normal

The new concept-temporary stents, an experimental study.

peer reviewe

Comparison of radiography , magnetic resonance imaging and surgical findings in dogs with elbow dysplasia

Objective-To describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of medial coronoid process and humeral condyle lesions in dysplastic cubital joints and to compare survey radiography and MRI for evaluation of fragmented medial coronoid process (FMCP) and lesions of the medial aspect of the humeral condyle (MAHC). Animals-18 dogs with elbow dysplasia. Procedure-Radiography of 22 cubital joints was performed. The 22 joints then underwent MRI. The scans were evaluated with regard to the shape and signal of the coronoid process; articular cartilage change, subchondral bone disruption of the MAHC. Surgical findings were used as the standard to calculate accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive-and negative-predictive values for specific diagnosis of FMCP (free fragment) and lesions of the MAHC. Results-At surgery, 31.8% of the joints had FMCP (free), 36.4% had nondisplaced unmineralized coronoid process, and 27.2% had nondisplaced mineralized coronoid process, Eleven joints had lesions of the MAHC, and wear lesions were observed in 41% of the joints. On radiography, FMCP (free) was visualized in 9% of the joints and lesions of the MAHC were observed in 23%. MRI had the highest accuracy (95.5%), sensitivity (100%), and negative-predictive value (100%) for detection of FMCP (free), and had accuracy (91%), sensitivity (87.5%), specificity (92.5%), and positive (87.5%)- and negative (92.5%)- predictive values for detection of nondisplaced unmineralized coronoid process. Conclusions and Clinical relevance-Compared with radiography, MRI was useful for detection of nondisplaced unmineralized coronoid process; images consistently correlated with surgical findings. The technique is accurate and especially useful when radiographic findings are inconclusive

Magnetic resonance arthrography of cubital joint in dogs affected with fragmented medial coronoid process

Objective-To evaluate efficacy of intra-articular injection of gadolinium tetra- azacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (gadolinium-DOTA) for delineating fragmented medial coronoid processes (FMCP) and lesions on the medial aspect of the humeral condyle (MAHC). Sample Population-14 cubital joints in 9 dogs. Procedure-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed with and without intra-articular injection of a solution of 2 mmol of gadolinium-DOTA/L. Arthrographic images obtained after injection of contrast medium were compared with those obtained without contrast medium. Evidence of contrast medium around or in the medial coronoid process and infiltration of contrast medium in subchondral bone lesions was recorded, Twenty-four hours after imaging, arthroscopy was performed, and lesions detected were correlated with results of MRI. Results-An abnormal coronoid process was diagnosed in 13 of 14 joints. A fragmented process (free) was seen in 7 of 14 joints; nondisplaced mineralized medial tin situ) coronoid processes were evident in 4 joints; and nondisplaced unmineralized medial coronoid processes were evident in 2 joints. Lesions on the MAHC were diagnosed in 4 of 12 joints. In 5 joints, a hyperintense signal resulted from contrast medium that infiltrated between the fragmented process and ulna. In 2 joints, contrast medium did not infiltrate completely around the process and was stopped by an isointense structure tie, abnormal cartilage). Subchondral bone lesions were enhanced by use of contrast medium. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance-Use of arthrography enabled us to identify FMCP easily, but did not provide important additional information about changes on the medial coronoid process, compared with MRI performed without contrast medium

Use of a Balloon Occlusion Catheter to Facilitate Transarterial Coil Embolisation of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Two Dogs

Two dogs with a history of coughing and exercise intolerance were suspected to have a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and the presence of a type III PDA was confirmed by radiography, electrocardiography, ultrasonography and angiography. Transarterial coil embolisation was carried out by using a modified technique. An occlusion balloon catheter was inserted through a femoral vein and placed at the pulmonary side of the ductus before the embolisation coils were put in place. Both dogs remained healthy during a follow-up period of nine months

Mri Guided Percutaneous Abdominal Biopsy in a Closed Magnet: Assessment in an Animal Study

peer reviewedMRI guided percutaneous abdominal biopsy was evaluated in an animal model, using a closed magnet and different types of needles. Thirty-six single pass biopsies were performed in 6 piglets with 6 types of MR compatible needles. Virtual targets of a diameter of 2 cm were drawn on the images of the right and left lobe of the liver and the upper and lower poles of both kidneys. FMPSPGR sequences were applied during an apnea of 19 to 23 seconds in axial, sagittal, coronal or axial oblique planes using a closed 1.0 T magnet and the body coil. Piglets were autopsied 1 hour after the procedure. Mean duration of the procedure was 16.9 (11-37) minutes; mean number of acquisitions per procedure was 5.9 (3-12); mean number of redirections of the needle was 0.6 (0-4). Pathological samples from the liver and kidneys of good quality were obtained in 22/36 (72.2%) cases. A subcapsular hematoma was observed in 18/24 (75.0%) cases of renal biopsies and in 1/12 (8.3%) of hepatic biopsies. No statistically significant correlation could be established between duration of the procedure and site of biopsy and between the type of biopsy needle and complication (p = 0.18 to 0.85). In conclusion, MRI guided percutaneous needle biopsy in the abdomen is a reliable technique in piglets using a closed magnet

Relationship between physical findings, rhinoscopy and computed tomography in nasal aspergillosis

peer reviewe