Electron transport properties in high-purity Ge down to cryogenic temperatures

Electron transport in Ge at various temperatures down to 20 mK has been investigated using particle Monte Carlo simulation taking into account ionized impurity and inelastic phonon scattering. The simulations account for the essential features of electron transport at cryogenic temperature: Ohmic regime, anisotropy of the drift velocity relative to the direction of the electric field, as well as a negative differential mobility phenomenon along the field orientation. Experimental data for the electron velocities are reproduced with a satisfactory accuracy. Examples of electron position in the real space during the simulations are given and evidence separated clouds of electrons propagating along different directions depending on the valley they belong.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figure

Nestedness in mutualistic networks

James et al. (2012) presented simulations that apparently falsify the analytical result by Bastolla et al. (2009), who showed that nested mutualistic interactions decrease interspecific competition and increase biodiversity in model ecosystems. This contradiction, however, mainly stems from the incorrect application of formulas derived for fully connected networks to empirical, sparse networks.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figur

A Distinct Pattern of Beclin-1 Staining Helps Distinguish Sessile Serrated Adenomas

Autophagy, a lysosomal degradation system, has both cell survival and cell death-promoting capabilities, and its versatility is exploited in many pathologic entities. In neoplastic processes, autophagy has been demonstrated to contribute to both tumor suppression and tumorigenesis in a relatively tumor-specific fashion. Beclin-1 is a protein involved in the formation of the autophagosome, the core unit of autophagy, and serves as one of the general markers for this process. Previous studies have shown Beclin-1 overexpression in both pre-neoplastic and invasive colon carcinoma but weak to absent expression in normal colonic mucosa. Serrated polyps (SPs) of the colon represent morphologically and molecularly unique precursor lesions in the serrated adenoma-carcinoma pathway. The pathophysiology of the serrated pathway and its natural progression is of great interest. The specific role of autophagy in SPs is not fully described. We evaluated SPs and autophagy using Beclin-1 protein, a general autophagy marker, to aid in the assessment of autophagy along the serrated pathway. Difference in Beclin-1 staining may represent variation in autophagy among polyp subtypes, exposing biological and possible clinically useful properties

Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines and Cytokines Dominate the Blister Fluid Molecular Signature in Patients with Epidermolysis Bullosa and Affect Leukocyte and Stem Cell Migration.

Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is associated with skin blistering and the development of chronic nonhealing wounds. Although clinical studies have shown that cell-based therapies improve wound healing, the recruitment of therapeutic cells to blistering skin and to more advanced skin lesions remains a challenge. Here, we analyzed cytokines and chemokines in blister fluids of patients affected by dystrophic, junctional, and simplex EB. Our analysis revealed high levels of CXCR1, CXCR2, CCR2, and CCR4 ligands, particularly dominant in dystrophic and junctional EB. In vitro migration assays demonstrated the preferential recruitment of CCR4+ lymphocytes and CXCR1+, CXCR2+, and CCR2+ myeloid cells toward EB-derived blister fluids. Immunophenotyping of skin-infiltrating leukocytes confirmed substantial infiltration of EB-affected skin with resting (CD45RA+) and activated (CD45RO+) T cells and CXCR2+ CD11b+ cells, many of which were identified as CD16b+ neutrophils. Our studies also showed that abundance of CXCR2 ligand in blister fluids also creates a favorable milieu for the recruitment of the CXCR2+ stem cells, as validated by in vitro and in-matrix migration assays. Collectively, this study identified several chemotactic pathways that control the recruitment of leukocytes to the EB-associated skin lesions. These chemotactic axes could be explored for the refinement of the cutaneous homing of the therapeutic stem cells. © 2017 The Author

PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN TINDAKAN PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT SCHISTOSOMIASIS MASYARAKAT DI DESA DODOLO KECAMATAN LORE UTARA KABUPATEN POSO

Schistosomiasis merupakan penyakit parasit akut dan kronis yang disebabkan oleh schistosomiasis darah (Schistosomiasis Trematoda) dari genus Schistosoma. Schistosomiasis merupakan penyakit endemis yang terdapat di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Transmisi Schistosomiasis terjadi melalui air yang mengandung serkaria cacing Schistosoma dan Keong air Oncomelania. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap tentang schistosomiasis dengan tindakan pencegahan penyakit schistosomiasis masyarakat di Desa Dodolo Kecamatan Lore Utara Kabupaten Poso. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei analitik dengan desain studi potong lintang dengan menggunakan total populasi sebesar 111 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah kuesioner. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Dodolo Kecamatan Lore Utara Kabupaten Poso Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Analisis data bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang Schistosomiasis yaitu sebesar (62,2%). Sebagian besar responden memiliki sikap yang baik tentang Schistosomiasis (51,4%) dan sebagian besar responden memiliki tindakan pencegahan Schistosomiasis yang baik (64,0%). Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square hubungan pengetahuan dengan tindakan pencegahan Schistosomiasis p value = 0,170, sedangkan hubungan sikap dan tindakan pencegahan Schistosomiasis p value = 0,000. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan tindakan pencegahan Schistosomiasis dan terdapat hubungan antara sikap dengan tindakan pencegahan Schistosomiasis.Kata Kunci: Schistosomiasis, pengetahuan, sikap, tindakan pencegahanABSTRACTSchistosomiasis is an acute and chronic parasitic disease caused by blood schistosomiasis (Schistosomiasis Trematoda) of the genus Schistosoma. Schistosomiasis is an endemic disease in Central Sulawesi Province. Schistosomiasis transmission occurs through water containing Schistosoma cercariae and Oncomelania water conch. This research aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of schistosomiasis with preventive practice of schistosomiasis disease in Dodolo Village, North Lore District, Poso Regency. This research was an analytical survey research with cross sectional study design with a total of population amounted to 111 respondents. The instrument used in this research was questionnaire. This research was conducted in Dodolo Village, North Lore District, Poso Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. Bivariate data analysis used Chi Square test. Research results show that most respondents have good knowledge about Schistosomiasis which is (62.2%). Most respondents have a good attitude about Schistosomias which is (51.4%) and the majority of respondents who have good preventive practice for Schistosomiasis (64.0%). Bivariate analysis with the chi-square test to analyze the relationship between knowledge and preventive practice of Schistosomiasis p value = 0.170, while the relationship between attitudes and preventive practice of Schistosomiasis p value = 0,000. Based on this research, it can be concluded that there is no relationship between knowledge and preventive practice of Schistosomiasis and there is a relationship between attitudes and preventive practice of Schistosomiasis.Keywords: Schistosomiasis, knowledge, attitude, preventive practic