1,102 research outputs found
Optical Lattice Induced Light Shifts in an Yb Atomic Clock
We present an experimental study of the lattice induced light shifts on the
1S_0-3P_0 optical clock transition (v_clock~518 THz) in neutral ytterbium. The
``magic'' frequency, v_magic, for the 174Yb isotope was determined to be 394
799 475(35)MHz, which leads to a first order light shift uncertainty of 0.38 Hz
on the 518 THz clock transition. Also investigated were the hyperpolarizability
shifts due to the nearby 6s6p 3P_0 - 6s8p 3P_0, 6s8p 3P_2, and 6s5f 3F_2
two-photon resonances at 759.708 nm, 754.23 nm, and 764.95 nm respectively. By
tuning the lattice frequency over the two-photon resonances and measuring the
corresponding clock transition shifts, the hyperpolarizability shift was
estimated to be 170(33) mHz for a linear polarized, 50 uK deep, lattice at the
magic wavelength. In addition, we have confirmed that a circularly polarized
lattice eliminates the J=0 - J=0 two-photon resonance. These results indicate
that the differential polarizability and hyperpolarizability frequency shift
uncertainties in a Yb lattice clock could be held to well below 10^-17.Comment: Accepted to PR
Child Postoperative Pain: Impact of Child Temperament and Parent Mood on Pain After Surgery
Around 80% of children who undergo surgery experience moderate to severe postoperative pain. Various psychosocial factors contribute to exacerbations of this pain. A childâs inborn personality traits and style of interaction with the environment are known as temperament. Children who are less sociable and more distress-prone (e.g., those who cry, throw tantrums) are more likely to have an anxious temperament. This anxiety before and after surgery may lead to an increase in postoperative pain levels as well. Parent pain ratings do not always reflect true child pain. Overtime, a parentâs emotional state and mood may change how they perceive child pain. Parents who have more negative moods or are more distressed tend to report their childâs pain as worse and have a negative impact on a childâs pain. Therefore, parents play a crucial role in treatment after surgery. Given this, the purpose of this study was to see how child temperament factors are associated with postoperative pain and how parent mood moderates this relationship. These specific factors are analyzed in a sample of children ages 2-13 who underwent elective surgery at the Childrenâs Hospital of Orange County (N = 112). Prior to the surgery, parents completed online surveys assessing child temperament and parent mood. Postoperative pain measures were reported by both children and parents after surgery on days 1, 3, and 7. Child temperament factors did not interact with parent mood to predict postoperative pain. Emotionality and sociability were not significantly associated with parent pain measures or child pain after surgery (ps \u3e 0.05). However, other studies have shown that child temperament does affect pain in a hospital setting more than they do at home. Interestingly, pain in children was low at home after surgery (less than 3 on a scale of 0 to 10). It is possible that the impact of temperament and mood on pain were less potent once the child is at home following the surgery and pain is lower. Further investigation on the influence of temperament and mood on child pain is important to obtain more clarity and discover optimal methods of treating pain in children. Future work may benefit from investigating different surgical procedures that might lead to a greater diversity of pain once children are home
First report of kobuvirus detection in swine in the Province of Quebec
Kobuviruses, non-enveloped and single-stranded positive RNA viruses, are members of the Picornaviridae family and were previously detected in a variety of animal species including humans. Their prevalence in swine is reported over the world, but their role as a causative agent of diarrhea in animals is still unclear. No data is available regarding the presence of kobuvirus on Quebec farms. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of kobuvirus in swine farms belonging to a single integration system in Québec
Fermionic Symmetries: Extension of the two to one Relationship Between the Spectra of Even-Even and Neighbouring Odd mass Nuclei
In the single j shell there is a two to one relationship between the spectra
of certain even-even and neighbouring odd mass nuclei e.g. the calculated
energy levels of J=0^+ states in ^{44}Ti are at twice the energies of
corresponding levels in ^{43}Ti(^{43}Sc) with J=j=7/2. Here an approximate
extension of the relationship is made by adopting a truncated seniority scheme
i.e. for ^{46}Ti and ^{45}Sc we get the relationship if we do not allow the
seniority v=4 states to mix with the v=0 and v=2 states. Better than that, we
get very close to the two to one relationship if seniority v=4 states are
admixed perturbatively. In addition, it is shown that the higher isospin states
do not contain seniority 4 admixtures.Comment: 11 pages, RevTex file and no figures, typos added, references changed
and changed content
Pediatric Postoperative Pain Medication: Child Sex and Ethnicity Interact to Predict Parent Medication Attitudes
Over 85% of children experience significant pain after surgery. Despite this presence of pain, research suggests that a quarter of these children receive very little or even no pain medication at home. Such poor pain management in children can have harmful long-term consequences, both physically and psychologically. Previous research indicates that the amount of pain medication administered to children in the home may be significantly impacted by beliefs and attitudes parents have regarding analgesics. Given this, the purpose of the present study is to identify which demographic factors are associated with certain parent analgesic attitudes or misconceptions among pediatric patients ages 2-13 who have undergone elective surgery at the Childrenâs Hospital of Orange County (N = 112). Prior to surgery, parents completed surveys to report demographics and medication attitudesâfear of side effects, avoidance, and appropriate use attitude. Ethnicity was found to interact with child sex to predict parentsâ fear of side effects, b = -4.750, p = 0.043. Specifically, among Hispanic households, parents of daughters expressed a greater fear of side effects from analgesics compared to parents of sons. The opposite trend was seen in White households, such that parents of sons expressed a greater fear of side effects compared to parents of daughters. This sex difference in Hispanic families may be due to the phenomenon machismo, a term characterized by the hypermasculine idealization of men. Specifically, Hispanic parents may express a significantly lower fear of side effects for their male children because they are encouraging their sons to be more stoic and âtough.â The hypermasculinity principles behind machismo, however, may not significantly transcend across other ethnic groups, as showcased by the opposite trend observed in White parents. These findings can be utilized to develop interventions that specifically target and educate parents who are likely to have misconceptions concerning analgesic use while still respecting the familyâs culture, values, and practices
The Changing Climate of the Arctic
The first and strongest signs of global-scale climate change exist in the high latitudes of the planet. Evidence is now accumulating that the Arctic is warming, and responses are being observed across physical, biological, and social systems. The impact of climate change on oceanographic, sea-ice, and atmospheric processes is demonstrated in observational studies that highlight changes in temperature and salinity, which influence global oceanic circulation, also known as thermohaline circulation, as well as a continued decline in sea-ice extent and thickness, which influences communication between oceanic and atmospheric processes. Perspectives from Inuvialuit community representatives who have witnessed the effects of climate change underline the rapidity with which such changes have occurred in the North. An analysis of potential future impacts of climate change on marine and terrestrial ecosystems underscores the need for the establishment of effective adaptation strategies in the Arctic. Initiatives that link scientific knowledge and research with traditional knowledge are recommended to aid Canadaâs northern communities in developing such strategies.Les premiers signes et les signes les plus rĂ©vĂ©lateurs attestant du changement climatique qui sâexerce Ă lâĂ©chelle planĂ©taire se manifestent dans les hautes latitudes du globe. Il existe de plus en plus de preuves que lâArctique se rĂ©chauffe, et diverses rĂ©actions sâobservent tant au sein des systĂšmes physiques et biologiques que sociaux. Les incidences du changement climatique sur les processus ocĂ©anographiques, la glace de mer et les processus atmosphĂ©riques sâavĂšrent Ă©videntes dans le cadre dâĂ©tudes dâobservation qui mettent lâaccent sur les changements de tempĂ©rature et de salinitĂ©, changements qui exercent une influence sur la circulation ocĂ©anique mondiale â Ă©galement appelĂ©e circulation thermohaline â ainsi que sur le dĂ©clin constant de lâĂ©tendue et de lâĂ©paisseur de glace de mer, ce qui influence la communication entre les processus ocĂ©aniques et les processus atmosphĂ©riques. Les perspectives de certains Inuvialuits qui ont Ă©tĂ© tĂ©moins des effets du changement climatique font mention de la rapiditĂ© avec laquelle ces changements se produisent dans le Nord. Lâanalyse des incidences Ă©ventuelles du changement climatique sur les Ă©cosystĂšmes marin et terrestre fait ressortir la nĂ©cessitĂ© de mettre en oeuvre des stratĂ©gies dâadaptation efficaces dans lâArctique. Des initiatives reliant les recherches et connaissances scientifiques aux connaissances traditionnelles sont recommandĂ©es afin de venir en aide aux collectivitĂ©s du Nord canadien pour que celles-ci puissent aboutir Ă de telles stratĂ©gies
New insight into the low-energy He spectrum
The spectrum of He was studied by means of the He(,)He
reaction at a lab energy of 25 MeV/n and small center of mass (c.m.) angles.
Energy and angular correlations were obtained for the He decay products by
complete kinematical reconstruction. The data do not show narrow states at
1.3 and 2.4 MeV reported before for He. The lowest resonant
state of He is found at about 2 MeV with a width of 2 MeV and is
identified as . The observed angular correlation pattern is uniquely
explained by the interference of the resonance with a virtual state
(limit on the scattering length is obtained as fm), and with
the resonance at energy MeV.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 2 table
Characterisation of the clinical importance of porcine group C rotavirus in a swine nursery production network in Quebec
Enteric infectious diseases in swine have considerable economic impact on the industry due either to mortality, cost of treatment or reduced growth rates which can lead to extended production periods. The consequences can be catastrophic especially in nursery sites since young piglets are in a susceptible period associated with immature immune system and are often affected by rapid dehydration related to neonatal diseases
Comparison of low--energy resonances in 15N(alpha,gamma)19F and 15O(alpha,gamma)19Ne and related uncertainties
A disagreement between two determinations of Gamma_alpha of the astro-
physically relevant level at E_x=4.378 MeV in 19F has been stated in two recent
papers by Wilmes et al. and de Oliveira et al. In this work the uncertainties
of both papers are discussed in detail, and we adopt the value
Gamma_alpha=(1.5^{+1.5}_{-0.8})10^-9eV for the 4.378 MeV state. In addition,
the validity and the uncertainties of the usual approximations for mirror
nuclei Gamma_gamma(19F) approx Gamma_gamma(19Ne), theta^2_alpha(19F) approx
theta^2_alpha(19Ne) are discussed, together with the resulting uncertainties on
the resonance strengths in 19Ne and on the 15O(alpha,gamma)19Ne rate.Comment: 9 pages, Latex, To appear in Phys. Rev.
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