COIN is dead - long live transformation

Donald Rumsfeld was right. Force transformation works. The techniques that led to the initial victories in Afghanistan in 2001 were precisely those that produced success in Libya in 2011.1 Small-scale deployments of special forces backed by precision strike and deep attack capabilities used to support an allied indigenous armed group proved an effective military tool for achieving specific strategic outcomes. In contrast, the results of large-scale troop deploy- ments as part of counterinsurgency (COIN), stabilization and nation-building activities over the past ten years in Iraq and Afghanistan have been less defini- tive. Despite intensive investment in blood, treasure, and military effort, the precise long-term outcomes of these two campaigns remain unclear and will be open to debate for years to come. This challenging operational experience has, however, highlighted some necessary and enduring truths about the use of military force. This paper explores those in light of the last ten years of counterinsurgenc

Cross-Border Issues in the Regulation of Charities: Experiences from the UK and Ireland

Drawing on the specific experiences of the three authors across the jurisdictions of England and Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, this article outlines the new legal-regulatory framework for charities in each jurisdiction, providing an overview of their respective treatments of external charities (i.e. non-domestic charities operating in a host jurisdcition) before assessing the operational challenges posted by these regimes for such cross-border charities. It shows that the treatment of external charities across the four jurisdictions in not the product of a fully coordinated and coherent joint approach by the four sets of legislators. The article concludeds by offering some preliminary recommendations intended to address the burdens caused by these overlapping regulatory systems

Eschatological Minority Report: Transcendent Heaven

Far from a mere historical or theological curiosity, eschatology has a profound formative impact on the way adherents view life, purpose and their relationship to Creation. Typical contemporary conceptualizations of heaven in American evangelicalism describe an otherworldly, intangible and wholly spiritual realm in whichGod’s reign is complete and all the faithful reside in total peace and comfort after a final judgment. Such “transcendent-heaven” eschatology is vastly different from historically orthodox eschatology recorded through the eighteenth century and still maintained by the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches, among others. This historical-theological survey suggests that transcendent-heaven eschatology was first-articulated by Jonathan Edwards as a result of his experiences in the First Great Awakening and his departure from prevailing Puritan doctrines. Transcendent-heaven eschatology has been promulgated by the evangelicalism which Edwards strongly influenced and by Christian hymnody, beginning in the eighteenth century. These developments are tracked through the published works of both Jonathan Edwards and his contemporary Puritan leaders as well as through the last three centuries of Christian hymnody

An Examination of Music\u27s Effects on Athletic Performance

This paper is an investigation of how music can impact athletic performance and the biological pathways that it acts through

Claim of Patrick Ford for Losses by Klamath Indians, 1853

State of California County of San Francisco FS [SS] Before me Alexander G. Abell, a Notary Public duly commissioned and [sworn] in and for the above named County and authorised to administer oaths, this day personally appeared Patrick Ford, who being sworn according to law, declares and says that the statement subscribed by him and hereunto [ ] by a blue ribbon which was made by him before an acting Justice of the Peace in the County of Klamath or Shasta is true and correct in all its important particulars. Witnefs [witness] my hand and Notorial seal at the City of San Francisco County and State aforesaid, this seventeenth day of January [an] one thousand eight hundred and fifty three Signed Alex G. Abell Notary Public Seal A Schedule of the property lost by Ford Penny and Homan on or about the 17th day of June A. D. 1851 Money in gold dust 800.00 8 mules value 160$each 1280.00 1200 lbs Flour 1$ 1200.00 300 lbs pork [1] 300.00 … Exhibit A To the Honorable Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the United States and through him to the Congress of the United States of America. Sir & Gentlemen, Your petitioners Patrick Ford formerly of the State of New York Alexander Penny formerly of the State of New Jersey Deceased by his agent & Partner Patrick Ford and Chas. [Charles] formerly of Long Island State of New York would respectfully represent to your Honor and Honorable body that whilst pursuing the avocation of Miners & Packers peaceably and on a new Rout up the Klamath River to the Mining Regions of Scotts River and Shasta Plains they were surprised and attacked by a party of Klamath Indians of about thirty in number and all the property that they had amounting to the gross sum of Six Thousand Dollars or there abouts as will more fully appear by reference to a schedule herewith attached and marked A and will further appear by reference to the written evidence in the hands of Col. R. McKee U.S. Indian Agent or Commissioner for the State of California and that three of the party were killed at the same time thereby rendering the situation of the remaining portion of the party perilous in the extreme, and also taking all the property that had been earned by their toil and sufferings in a wild and unknown region of Country leaving them destitute of all resources save the Physical power to labour granted them by Nature\u27s God much reduced by want of the provisions Stolen from them by those Indians. And they would further state that… Exhibit B State of California County of Klamath SS Shasta Patrick Ford formerly of the City of New York, and for the last four years and seven months a resident of California, doth depose and say as follows, viz: That on… To the honourable Thos. [Thomas] Findley Maloney and [W. G. Kibbe]. Board of Examiners for the adjustment of claims against the State of California for the losses sustained by the depredations of the Indians in the County of Klamath [ ] Your petitioner Patrick Ford begs how to represent unto your honourable Board that in the year 1851 himself & partners Alex Penny and Chas [Charles] [Homan] suffered heavy losses [ ]: about the sum of 10004 in consequence of an attack made upon then in said County of Klamath for the full particulars of which & of the losses sustained he begs now to refer you to his petition to the Superintendent of Indian Affairs at Washington City, and now…https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/grcc/1042/thumbnail.jp

Can Violent Political Rhetoric Influence Bias Homicide Rates? Analyzing the Trump Effect

The founding document of the United States declares that all men are created equal. However, history has shown that this is not the case. Citizens in this country have been discriminated against since its inception based on their race, gender, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, and many other factors. The first Federal Legislation passed to prevent discrimination against citizens in the United States did not come until 1968, which “made it a crime to use, or threaten to use, force to willfully interfere with any person because of race, color, religion, or national origin” (United States, Department of Justice). It took until 2009 when the hate crime laws were expanded to include crimes committed because of the victim’s perceived or actual sexual orientation or gender identity. Hate crimes are now described as “offenses involving an actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability” (18 U.S.C. § 249)