Análise espacial dos casos de dengue e correlação com dados pluviométricos em São Paulo no período de 2015 a 2016

Dengue virus is an arbovirus in the flavivirus family. There are four types of viruses: DEN (1, 2, 3, and 4), with DEN3 being the most severe. It is transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Clinical forms are Classical Dengue, Complicated Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. Brazil is responsible for 70% of cases of the disease in the Americas. The main was demarcate the locations with the highest number of dengue cases correlating with rainfall data in the state of São Paulo from 2015 to 2016. Prevalence was calculated in municipalities that recorded the highest number of cases associated with rainfall. For map editing the program Q GIS 2.18 was used. The state of São Paulo presented the highest number of cases in the country from 2015 to 2016 (1,688,688). The highest prevalences related to rainfall data were recorded in Onda Verde (17.989.9 / 1445.9mm); São Paulo (17.965.9 / 1819.4mm); Rio Claro (10,804.7 / 1435.0mm); Catanduva (8,915.2); Sorocaba (8,815.6 / 1476.3mm) and Campinas (5,766.2 / 1793,5mm). The municipalities with the highest number of registered cases were: Onda Verde, Sao Paulo, Rio Claro, Catanduva, Sorocaba and Campinas. The association between rainfall and viral serotype probably contributed to the high prevalence of the disease in 2015. That year the Southeast region experienced a water crisis and people stored rainwater in makeshift containers thus increasing the supply of mosquito breeding sites. Thus, it is very important that the public prevention policies increase and the public awareness about the measures to prevent vector mosquito breeding. Keywords: Dengue. Aedes aegypti. Prevalence.O vírus da dengue é um arbovírus da família dos flavivírus. Há quatro tipos de vírus: DEN (1, 2, 3 e 4), sendo o DEN3 o mais grave. É transmitido pelo Aedes aegypti. As formas clínicas são: a Dengue Clássica, Dengue com Complicações e a Febre Hemorrágica da Dengue. O Brasil é responsável por 70% dos casos da doença nas Américas. O objetivo deste trabalho foram demarcar as localidades que apresentam o maior número de casos de dengue correlacionando com dados pluviométricos no estado de São Paulo no período de 2015 a 2016. A prevalência foi calculada nos munícipios que registraram os maiores números de casos associados aos índices pluviométricos. Para edição de mapas foi utilizado o programa Q GIS 2.18. O estado de São Paulo foi o que apresentou o maior número de casos no país no período de 2015 a 2016 (1.688.688). As maiores prevalências relacionadas com os dados pluviométricos foram registradas em Onda Verde (17.989,9/1445,9mm); São Paulo (17.965,9/1819,4mm); Rio Claro (10.804,7/1435,0mm); Catanduva (8.915,2); Sorocaba (8.815,6/1476,3mm) e Campinas (5.766,2/1793,5mm). Os municípios com os maiores números de casos registrados foram: Onda Verde, São Paulo, Rio Claro, Catanduva, Sorocaba e Campinas. A associação entre a pluviosidade e sorotipo viral provavelmente colaboraram para a elevada prevalência da doença em 2015. Naquele ano a região Sudeste apresentou uma crise hídrica e as pessoas armazenaram água das chuvas em recipientes improvisados aumentando assim a oferta de criadouros do mosquito. Desta forma é muito importante que ocorra o incremento das políticas públicas de prevenção e a conscientização da população ao respeito de medidas para prevenção de criadouros do mosquito vetor. Palavras Chaves: Dengue. Aedes aegypti. Prevalência

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data