Phenomenology of Neutrino Oscillations

We review the status of several phenomenological topics of current interest in neutrino oscillations: (i) Solar neutrino oscillations after the first Sudbury Neutrino Observatory measurements, including both model-independent and model-dependent results; (ii) Dominant nu_mu-->nu_tau oscillations of atmospheric and K2K neutrinos, and possible subdominant oscillations induced by either extra states or extra interactions; and (iii) Four-neutrino scenarios embedding the controversial LSND evidence for oscillations.Comment: 9 pages, including 12 figures. Presented at TAUP 2001: Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics, Assergi, Italy, 8-12 Sep. 200

Four-neutrino mixing solutions of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly

Solutions to the atmospheric neutrino anomaly which smoothly interpolate between nu_mu -> nu_tau and nu_mu -> nu_s oscillations are studied. It is shown that, although the Super-Kamiokande data disfavor the pure nu_mu -> nu_s channel, one cannot exclude sizable amplitude for the nu_mu -> nu_s channel in addition to nu_mu -> nu_tau oscillations.Comment: Talk given at Europhysics Neutrino Oscillation Workshop (NOW2000), Conca Specchiulla, Otranto, Lecce, Ita, 9-16 Sep 200

Three-flavor solar neutrino oscillations with terrestrial neutrino constraints

We present an updated analysis of the current solar neutrino data in terms of three-flavor oscillations, including the additional constraints coming from terrestrial neutrino oscillation searches at the CHOOZ (reactor), Super-Kamiokande (atmospheric), and KEK-to-Kamioka (accelerator) experiments. The best fit is reached for the subcase of two-family mixing, and the additional admixture with the third neutrino is severely limited. We discuss the relevant features of the globally allowed regions in the oscillation parameter space, as well as their impact on the amplitude of possible CP-violation effects at future accelerator experiments and on the reconstruction accuracy of the mass-mixing oscillation parameters at the KamLAND reactor experiment.Comment: 10 pages + 8 figure

Analysis of oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos

We briefly review the current status of standard oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos in schemes with two, three, and four flavor mixing. It is shown that, although the pure \nu_\mu-->\nu_\tau channel provides an excellent 2\nu fit to the data, one cannot exclude, at present, the occurrence of additional subleading \nu_\mu-->\nu_e oscillations (3\nu schemes) or of sizable \nu_\mu-->\nu_s oscillations (4\nu schemes). It is also shown that the wide dynamical range of energy and pathlength probed by the Super-Kamiokande experiment puts severe constraints on nonstandard explanations of the atmospheric neutrino data, with a few notable exceptions.Comment: Talk at the 19th International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics - Neutrino 2000 (Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, 16-21 June 2000

Global analysis of three-flavor neutrino masses and mixings

We present a comprehensive phenomenological analysis of a vast amount of data from neutrino flavor oscillation and non-oscillation searches, performed within the standard scenario with three massive and mixed neutrinos, and with particular attention to subleading effects. The detailed results discussed in this review represent a state-of-the-art, accurate and up-to-date (as of August 2005) estimate of the three-neutrino mass-mixing parameters.Comment: Final version (including a new Appendix), to be published in "Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics". Higher-resolution pdf file and eps figures can be download from http://www.ba.infn.it/~now2004/PPNP_review

Four-neutrino oscillation solutions of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly

In the context of neutrino scenarios characterized by four (three active plus one sterile) neutrino species and by mass spectra with two separated doublets, we analyze solutions to the atmospheric neutrino anomaly which smoothly interpolate between \nu_\mu-->\nu_\tau and \nu_\mu-->\nu_s oscillations. We show that, although the Super-Kamiokande data disfavor the pure \nu_\mu-->\nu_s channel, they do not exclude its occurrence, with sizable amplitude, in addition to the \nu_\mu-->\nu_\tau channel. High energy muon data appear to be crucial in assessing the relative amplitude of active and sterile neutrino oscillations. It is also qualitatively shown that such atmospheric \nu solutions are compatible with analogous solutions to the solar neutrino problem, which involve oscillations of \nu_e in both sterile and active states.Comment: Added references. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Supernova neutrinos: Strong coupling effects of weak interactions

In core-collapse supernovae, neutrinos and antineutrinos are initially subject to significant self-interactions induced by weak neutral currents, which may induce strong-coupling effects on the flavor evolution (collective transitions). The interpretation of the effects is simplified when self-induced collective transitions are decoupled from ordinary matter oscillations, as for the matter density profile that we discuss. In this case, approximate analytical tools can be used (pendulum analogy, swap of energy spectra). For inverted neutrino mass hierarchy, the sequence of effects involves: synchronization, bipolar oscillations, and spectral split. Our simulations shows that the main features of these regimes are not altered when passing from simplified (angle-averaged) treatments to full, multi-angle numerical experiments.Comment: Proceedings of NO-VE 2008, IV International Workshop on "Neutrino Oscillations in Venice" (Venice, Italy, April 15-18, 2008), edited by M. Baldo Ceolin (University of Padova publication, Papergraf Editions, Padova, Italy, 2008), pages 233-24

Testing large mixing MSW solutions of the solar neutrino problem through Earth regeneration effects

Large mixing MSW solutions to the solar neutrino problem appear to be currently favored by the data. We discuss the possibility of discriminating them by means of present and future experiments. In particular, we show that the study of energy and time dependence of the Earth regeneration effect can be useful in this respect.Comment: Talk given at Europhysics Neutrino Oscillation Workshop (NOW 2000), Conca Specchiulla, Otranto, Lecce, Italy, 9-16 Sep. 200

Evidence for Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effects in solar neutrino flavor transitions

We point out that the recent data from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, together with other relevant measurements from solar and reactor neutrino experiments, convincingly show that the flavor transitions of solar neutrinos are affected by Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) effects. More precisely, one can safely reject the null hypothesis of no MSW interaction energy in matter, despite the fact that the interaction amplitude (formally treated as a free parameter) is still weakly constrained by the current phenomenology. Such a constraint can be improved, however, by future data from the KamLAND experiment. In the standard MSW case, we also perform an updated analysis of two-family active oscillations of solar and reactor neutrinos.Comment: 8 pages + 5 figyre

Quasi-energy-independent solar neutrino transitions

Current solar, atmospheric, and reactor neutrino data still allow oscillation scenarios where the squared mass differences are all close to 10^-3 eV^2, rather than being hierarchically separated. For solar neutrinos, this situation (realized in the upper part of the so-called large-mixing angle solution) implies adiabatic transitions which depend weakly on the neutrino energy and on the matter density, as well as on the ``atmospheric'' squared mass difference. In such a regime of ``quasi-energy-independent'' (QEI) transitions, intermediate between the more familiar ``Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein'' (MSW) and energy-independent (EI) regimes, we first perform analytical calculations of the solar nu_e survival probability at first order in the matter density, beyond the usual hierarchical approximations. We then provide accurate, generalized expressions for the solar neutrino mixing angles in matter, which reduce to those valid in the MSW, QEI and EI regimes in appropriate limits. Finally, a representative QEI scenario is discussed in some detail.Comment: Title changed; text and acronyms revised; results unchanged. To appear in PR