Background characteristics of adult household participants.

Background characteristics of adult household participants.</p

Dataset for adults information.

BackgroundIndoor air pollutants (IAP) and household conditions such as dampness, crowding and chemical exposures have been associated with acute and chronic respiratory infections. In Uganda, literature on the effects of IAP on respiratory outcomes in informal settlements is limited.MethodsWe describe the baseline household characteristics of 284 adults and their children in an informal settlement in Uganda from April to May 2022. We monitored same-day indoor concentrations of particulate matter PM2.5, PM10, Carbon monoxide (CO), relative humidity %, and temperature from 9 am to 2 pm and interviewed caregivers/mothers about their respiratory symptoms and those of their children in the previous 30 days. We employed robust Poisson regressions to evaluate the associations between indoor air indicators and respiratory health symptoms.ResultsApproximately 94.7% of households primarily used biomass fuels and 32.7% cooked from inside their dwelling rooms. The median PM2.5, PM10 and CO levels were 49.5 (Interquartile range (IQR) = 31.1,86.2) μg/m3, 73.6 (IQR = 47.3,130.5) μg/m3 and 7.70 (IQR = 4.1,12.5) ppm respectively. Among adults, a 10 unit increase in PM2.5 was associated with cough (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 3.75, 95%CI 1.15–1.55). Dwelling unit dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 2.53, 95%CI = 1.39–4.61) and shortness of breath (PR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.23–2.54) while cooking from outside the house was protective against shortness of breath (PR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.44–0.87). In children, dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 13.87, 95% CI 3.16–60.91) and cough (PR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.12–2.34) while indoor residual spraying was associated with phlegm (PR = 3.36, 95%CI 1.71–6.61).ConclusionPoor indoor air conditions were associated with respiratory symptoms in adults and children. Efforts to address indoor air pollution should be made to protect adults and children from adverse health effects.</div

Associations between indoor air quality conditions and respiratory problems among children (adjusted analysis).

Associations between indoor air quality conditions and respiratory problems among children (adjusted analysis).</p

Cooking fuels, indoor conditions and air pollutant levels.

Cooking fuels, indoor conditions and air pollutant levels.</p

Dataset for children information.

BackgroundIndoor air pollutants (IAP) and household conditions such as dampness, crowding and chemical exposures have been associated with acute and chronic respiratory infections. In Uganda, literature on the effects of IAP on respiratory outcomes in informal settlements is limited.MethodsWe describe the baseline household characteristics of 284 adults and their children in an informal settlement in Uganda from April to May 2022. We monitored same-day indoor concentrations of particulate matter PM2.5, PM10, Carbon monoxide (CO), relative humidity %, and temperature from 9 am to 2 pm and interviewed caregivers/mothers about their respiratory symptoms and those of their children in the previous 30 days. We employed robust Poisson regressions to evaluate the associations between indoor air indicators and respiratory health symptoms.ResultsApproximately 94.7% of households primarily used biomass fuels and 32.7% cooked from inside their dwelling rooms. The median PM2.5, PM10 and CO levels were 49.5 (Interquartile range (IQR) = 31.1,86.2) μg/m3, 73.6 (IQR = 47.3,130.5) μg/m3 and 7.70 (IQR = 4.1,12.5) ppm respectively. Among adults, a 10 unit increase in PM2.5 was associated with cough (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 3.75, 95%CI 1.15–1.55). Dwelling unit dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 2.53, 95%CI = 1.39–4.61) and shortness of breath (PR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.23–2.54) while cooking from outside the house was protective against shortness of breath (PR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.44–0.87). In children, dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 13.87, 95% CI 3.16–60.91) and cough (PR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.12–2.34) while indoor residual spraying was associated with phlegm (PR = 3.36, 95%CI 1.71–6.61).ConclusionPoor indoor air conditions were associated with respiratory symptoms in adults and children. Efforts to address indoor air pollution should be made to protect adults and children from adverse health effects.</div

Map Showing the location of Bwaise within Kampala.

Map Showing the location of Bwaise within Kampala.</p

Distribution of respiratory outcomes in children.

BackgroundIndoor air pollutants (IAP) and household conditions such as dampness, crowding and chemical exposures have been associated with acute and chronic respiratory infections. In Uganda, literature on the effects of IAP on respiratory outcomes in informal settlements is limited.MethodsWe describe the baseline household characteristics of 284 adults and their children in an informal settlement in Uganda from April to May 2022. We monitored same-day indoor concentrations of particulate matter PM2.5, PM10, Carbon monoxide (CO), relative humidity %, and temperature from 9 am to 2 pm and interviewed caregivers/mothers about their respiratory symptoms and those of their children in the previous 30 days. We employed robust Poisson regressions to evaluate the associations between indoor air indicators and respiratory health symptoms.ResultsApproximately 94.7% of households primarily used biomass fuels and 32.7% cooked from inside their dwelling rooms. The median PM2.5, PM10 and CO levels were 49.5 (Interquartile range (IQR) = 31.1,86.2) μg/m3, 73.6 (IQR = 47.3,130.5) μg/m3 and 7.70 (IQR = 4.1,12.5) ppm respectively. Among adults, a 10 unit increase in PM2.5 was associated with cough (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 3.75, 95%CI 1.15–1.55). Dwelling unit dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 2.53, 95%CI = 1.39–4.61) and shortness of breath (PR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.23–2.54) while cooking from outside the house was protective against shortness of breath (PR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.44–0.87). In children, dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 13.87, 95% CI 3.16–60.91) and cough (PR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.12–2.34) while indoor residual spraying was associated with phlegm (PR = 3.36, 95%CI 1.71–6.61).ConclusionPoor indoor air conditions were associated with respiratory symptoms in adults and children. Efforts to address indoor air pollution should be made to protect adults and children from adverse health effects.</div

PLOS questionnaire on inclusivity in global health.

PLOS questionnaire on inclusivity in global health.</p

Temperature and humidity changes.

BackgroundIndoor air pollutants (IAP) and household conditions such as dampness, crowding and chemical exposures have been associated with acute and chronic respiratory infections. In Uganda, literature on the effects of IAP on respiratory outcomes in informal settlements is limited.MethodsWe describe the baseline household characteristics of 284 adults and their children in an informal settlement in Uganda from April to May 2022. We monitored same-day indoor concentrations of particulate matter PM2.5, PM10, Carbon monoxide (CO), relative humidity %, and temperature from 9 am to 2 pm and interviewed caregivers/mothers about their respiratory symptoms and those of their children in the previous 30 days. We employed robust Poisson regressions to evaluate the associations between indoor air indicators and respiratory health symptoms.ResultsApproximately 94.7% of households primarily used biomass fuels and 32.7% cooked from inside their dwelling rooms. The median PM2.5, PM10 and CO levels were 49.5 (Interquartile range (IQR) = 31.1,86.2) μg/m3, 73.6 (IQR = 47.3,130.5) μg/m3 and 7.70 (IQR = 4.1,12.5) ppm respectively. Among adults, a 10 unit increase in PM2.5 was associated with cough (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 3.75, 95%CI 1.15–1.55). Dwelling unit dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 2.53, 95%CI = 1.39–4.61) and shortness of breath (PR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.23–2.54) while cooking from outside the house was protective against shortness of breath (PR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.44–0.87). In children, dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 13.87, 95% CI 3.16–60.91) and cough (PR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.12–2.34) while indoor residual spraying was associated with phlegm (PR = 3.36, 95%CI 1.71–6.61).ConclusionPoor indoor air conditions were associated with respiratory symptoms in adults and children. Efforts to address indoor air pollution should be made to protect adults and children from adverse health effects.</div

DAGs and univariable analysis.

BackgroundIndoor air pollutants (IAP) and household conditions such as dampness, crowding and chemical exposures have been associated with acute and chronic respiratory infections. In Uganda, literature on the effects of IAP on respiratory outcomes in informal settlements is limited.MethodsWe describe the baseline household characteristics of 284 adults and their children in an informal settlement in Uganda from April to May 2022. We monitored same-day indoor concentrations of particulate matter PM2.5, PM10, Carbon monoxide (CO), relative humidity %, and temperature from 9 am to 2 pm and interviewed caregivers/mothers about their respiratory symptoms and those of their children in the previous 30 days. We employed robust Poisson regressions to evaluate the associations between indoor air indicators and respiratory health symptoms.ResultsApproximately 94.7% of households primarily used biomass fuels and 32.7% cooked from inside their dwelling rooms. The median PM2.5, PM10 and CO levels were 49.5 (Interquartile range (IQR) = 31.1,86.2) μg/m3, 73.6 (IQR = 47.3,130.5) μg/m3 and 7.70 (IQR = 4.1,12.5) ppm respectively. Among adults, a 10 unit increase in PM2.5 was associated with cough (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 3.75, 95%CI 1.15–1.55). Dwelling unit dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 2.53, 95%CI = 1.39–4.61) and shortness of breath (PR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.23–2.54) while cooking from outside the house was protective against shortness of breath (PR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.44–0.87). In children, dampness was associated with phlegm (PR = 13.87, 95% CI 3.16–60.91) and cough (PR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.12–2.34) while indoor residual spraying was associated with phlegm (PR = 3.36, 95%CI 1.71–6.61).ConclusionPoor indoor air conditions were associated with respiratory symptoms in adults and children. Efforts to address indoor air pollution should be made to protect adults and children from adverse health effects.</div