Las habilidades blandas y su orientación hacia la gestión de calidad en el nuevo escenario laboral de la empresa agrícola Puemape S.A.C - año 2020

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo: Determinar cómo las habilidades blandas se orientan en la gestión calidad en el nuevo escenario laboral de la empresa agrícola Puemape S.A.C. año 2020. El tipo de estudio es el no experimental, el diseño de estudio es aplicada - correlacional. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por los 21 colaboradores de la empresa agrícola Puemape SAC, para definir la muestra se usó los mismos datos de la población. Para la recolección de datos de las variables en estudio se usó como técnica la encuesta y cuestionario, los cuales se procesaron a través del software estadístico SPSS V.25. El resultado de la investigación mostro que el valor de la prueba de Chi cuadrado es de V=21.850 con un grado de libertad de “df=9”; Este número es mayor al de la tabla de valores de chi – cuadrado x2 > 16,9190. Por ende, se acepta que la hipótesis planteada es afirmativa, con un nivel significativo regular, por lo que se corrobora que las habilidades blandas inciden positivamente en su orientación a la gestión de calidad en el nuevo escenario laboral de la empresa agrícola Puemape S.A.C. Por lo tanto, se concluyó que las habilidades blandas se orientan positivamente en la gestión de la calidad en el nuevo escenario laboral de la empresa agrícola Puemape SAC, año 2020.The present research aims to determine how soft skills are oriented in quality management in the new labor scenario of the agricultural company Puemape S.A.C. year 2020. The type of study is non-experimental, the study design is applied - correlational. The study population was made up of the 21 collaborators of the agricultural company Puemape SAC, to define the sample the same population data was used. For the data collection of the variables under study, the survey and questionnaire were used as a technique, which was processed through the statistical software SPSS V.25. The result of the investigation showed that the value of the Chi-square test is V = 21,850 with a degree of freedom of “df = 9”; This number is greater than the one in the table of chi-square values x2> 16.9190. Therefore, it is accepted that the hypothesis proposed is affirmative, with a regular significant level, which is why it is corroborated that soft skills positively affect their orientation to quality management in the new labor scenario of the agricultural company Puemape S.A.C. Therefore, it was concluded that soft skills are positively oriented in quality management in the new labor scenario of the agricultural company Puemape SAC, the year 2020.Tesi

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030