HEDRINE (un nouvel outil d aide à la décision pour les interactions plante-médicament)

Lors de ce travail de thèse un nouvel outil a été mis en place pour l aide à la détection des interactions plante-médicament. Une base de données est dorénavant disponible sur le net à l adresse https://hedrine.ujf-grenoble.fr/. A ce jour, elle recense les interactions potentielles (via des interactions pharmacocinétiques ou pharmacodynamiques) ou démontrées lors d études cliniques ou de case reports entre des plantes médicinales et les médicaments anticancéreux listés dans la classe L du classement (ATC). Les interactions répertoriées sont toutes issues de la bibliographie internationale.GRENOBLE1-BU Médecine pharm. (385162101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Interactions Plantes et Médicaments post-greffe (participation à HEDRINE)

Ce travail de thèse a permis d enrichir HEDRINE, base de données créée par Florence SOUARD, en s intéressant aux interactions entre les plantes et les médicaments utilisés après des greffes hépatique et rénale surtout. Les patients greffés sont particulièrement à risque du fait de leur état affaibli et des médicaments qu ils prennent, des médicaments dits à marge thérapeutique étroite. Il faut donc être très vigilant par rapport à ce qu ils consomment sachant que les médecines complémentaires et alternatives dont la phytothérapie sont de plus en plus utilisées et que tout n est pas sans risque.The work for this thesis has contributed to develop HEDRINE, the database created by Florence SOUARD. The main aim has been to study the interactions between plants and the drugs used especially after liver and kidney transplants. The transplanted patients are particularly at risk because of their lower immunity level and of the medicines they take, drugs with a narrow therapeutic range. Great vigilance is required to ensure that whatever they consume is carefully controlled since the use of complementary and alternative medicines including herbal therapy is rapidly growing with all the risks that can be involved.GRENOBLE1-BU Médecine pharm. (385162101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Cooperation with local administrations of primary school principals in solving economic problems of schoolOkulun ekonomik sorunlarının çözümünde ilkokul müdürlerinin yerel yönetimler ile işbirliği

In this research, it is aimed to find out whether being in cooperation with local administrations of the primary schools affects the solution of economic problems of the school, and if so, what kind of contribution it has. Survey design model was used in the research. Interview technique from qualitative research methods, was used in the collection of data. Determination of the study group of research, easily accessible sampling method of purpose sampling model is used. The study group subject to the research is determined as the primary school principals who can give information in a willing manner to understand the study problem and limited to 20 primary school principals, serve in different socio-economic regions within the province of Ankara, where the researcher could easily access it. Local governments within the scope of the research have been limited to municipalities, because the schools in the survey are schools located in the central districts and removal of the Ankara Special Provincial Administration through Law No:6360. The collection of data was carried out “Interview Form for the Primary School Administrators on Cooperation with Local Governments” created by the researcher. Descriptive analysis was performed in the analysis of data.As a result of the research, it is concluded that the primary schools are in cooperation with the local administrations; however this cooperation is not completely helpful in solving economic problems of the school. In addition, either local administrations or other institutions that the schools cooperate with can only support the schools in certain expenditure items. This situation can only help to solve the limited problem, or not at all. It has been determined that all of the school principals want to cooperate with the Provincial and District National Education Directorate in solving the economic problems of the school and that the school principals also want to cooperate with the Ministry of National Education, the parents and the local administrations. In this context, it may be suggested to increase cooperation with the Provincial and District Directorates of National Education, to give schools a budget, and to increase the cooperation of schools with local administrations can be suggested to solve their own economic problems.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmada ilkokulların yerel yönetimlerle işbirliği içerisinde olmalarının okulun ekonomik sorunlarının çözümüne katkılarının olup olmadığı, katkıları oluyor ise ne tür katkılarının olduğunun çözümlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın modeli tarama modelidir.  Verilerin toplanmasında nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunun oluşturulmasında, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu çalışma probleminin anlaşılmasına yönelik istekli olarak bilgiler verebilecek olan ve araştırmacının kolay ulaşabileceği Ankara ili içerisindeki farklı sosyo ekonomik bölgelerde görev yapan 20 ilkokul müdürü ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Araştırmada Ankara il merkezinde bulunan ilkokul müdürleri ile görüşülmesi ve 6360 sayılı yasa ile Ankara İl Özel İdaresi’nin kaldırılmış olması nedeniyle araştırma kapsamında yerel yönetimler olarak belediyeler ifade edilmiştir. Verilerin toplanması, araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan “Yerel Yönetimler ile İşbirliği Konusunda İlkokul Müdürü Görüşme Formu” aracılığı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel analiz yapılmıştır.Bu araştırmada, ilkokulların belediyeler ile işbirliği içerisinde olduğu ancak bu işbirliğinin okulun ekonomik sorunlarını çözmeye tam olarak yardımcı olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca okulların işbirliği yaptığı gerek belediyeler gerekse diğer kurumlar okullara yalnızca belirli gider kalemlerinde destek olabildiğinden yapılan destekler sınırlı çözümler sağlamakta ya da hiç çözüm olamamaktadır. Araştırmada okul müdürlerinin tamamının okulun ekonomik sorunlarının çözümünde İl ve İlçe Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü ile işbirliği yapmak istedikleri, bunun yanı sıra Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı, veliler ve yerel yönetimlerle de işbirliği yapmayı istedikleri belirlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda okulların ekonomik sorunlarının çözümünde öncelikli olarak İl ve İlçe Milli Eğitim Müdürlükleri ile işbirliğini artıracak, okullara bir bütçe verilmesini sağlayacak, okulların yerel yönetimler ile işbirliğini artıracak yasal düzenlemeler yapılması önerilebilir

Pro-oxidant properties of indolone-N-oxides in relation to their antimalarial properties

Indolone-N-oxides (INODs) are bioreducible and possess remarkable anti-malarial activities in the low nanomolar range in vitro against different Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) strains and in vivo. INODs have an original mechanism of action: they damage the host cell membrane without affecting non-parasitized erythrocytes. These molecules produce a redox signal which activates SYK tyrosine kinases and induces a hyperphosphorylation of AE1 (band 3, erythrocyte membrane protein). The present work aimed to understand the early stages of the biochemical interactions of these compounds with some erythrocyte components from which the redox signal could originate. The interactions were studied in a biomimetic model and compared with those of chloroquine and artemisinin. The results showed that INODs i) do not enter the coordination sphere of the metal in the heme iron complex as does chloroquine; ii) do not generate iron-dependent radicals as does artemisinin; iii) generate stable free radical adducts after reduction at one electron; iv) cannot trap free radicals after reduction. These results confirm that the bioactivity of INODs does not lie in their spin-trapping properties but rather in their pro-oxidant character. This property may be the initiator of the redox signal which activates SYK tyrosine kinases

A novel chalcone derivative which acts as a microtubule depolymerising agent and an inhibitor of P-gp and BCRP in in-vitro and in-vivo glioblastoma models

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Over the past decades, in spite of intensive search, no significant increase in the survival of patients with glioblastoma has been obtained. The role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and especially the activity of efflux pumps belonging to the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) family may, in part, explain this defect.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The <it>in-vitro </it>activities of JAI-51 on cell proliferation were assessed by various experimental approaches in four human and a murine glioblastoma cell lines. Using drug exclusion assays and flow-cytometry, potential inhibitory effects of JAI-51 on P-gp and BCRP were evaluated in sensitive or resistant cell lines. JAI-51 activity on <it>in-vitro </it>microtubule polymerization was assessed by tubulin polymerization assay and direct binding measurements by analytical ultracentrifugation. Finally, a model of C57BL/6 mice bearing subcutaneous GL26 glioblastoma xenografts was used to assess the activity of the title compound <it>in vivo</it>. An HPLC method was designed to detect JAI-51 in the brain and other target organs of the treated animals, as well as in the tumours.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In the four human and the murine glioblastoma cell lines tested, 10 μM JAI-51 inhibited proliferation and blocked cells in the M phase of the cell cycle, via its activity as a microtubule depolymerising agent. This ligand binds to tubulin with an association constant of 2 × 10⁵M^-1, overlapping the colchicine binding site. JAI-51 also inhibited the activity of P-gp and BCRP, without being a substrate of these efflux pumps. These <it>in vitro </it>studies were reinforced by our <it>in vivo </it>investigations of C57BL/6 mice bearing GL26 glioblastoma xenografts, in which JAI-51 induced a delay in tumour onset and a tumour growth inhibition, following intraperitoneal administration of 96 mg/kg once a week. In accordance with these results, JAI-51 was detected by HPLC in the tumours of the treated animals. Moreover, JAI-51 was detected in the brain, showing that the molecule is also able to cross the BBB.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These <it>in vitro </it>and <it>in vivo </it>data suggest that JAI-51 could be a good candidate for a new treatment of tumours of the CNS. Further investigations are in progress to associate the title compound chemotherapy to radiotherapy in a rat model.</p

HEDRINE : outil d’aide à la décision pour les interactions plante–médicament

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Procédé de transformation d'une huile essentielle

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MEDITRINE-PHYTO: pour un usage validité et responsable de la phytothérapie

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Aromatherapy and cystic fibrosis: real-life, but many questions remain. Aromatherapy in cystic fibrosis: real-life

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Régimes amaigrissants (place de la phytothérapie et du conseil officinal)

Parallèlement au développement du culte du "corps parfait", les régimes amaigrissants prospèrent, et sont souvent entrepris sans avis médical préalable. Ajouté à cela, le marché des traitements alternatifs, pour la phytothérapie en particulier, se fait de plus en plus présent, notamment sur internet. En étudiant 3 de ces plantes les plus vendues sur la toile (Garcinia cambogia, Hoodia gordonii, et le Nopal), on constate que les risques pour la santé sont encore souvent mal évalués et que les études sur leur efficacité n'ont pas encore fait leurs preuves. Le pharmacien d'officine a un rôle important à jouer dans la prise en charge des personnes entreprenant un régime amaigrissant. Il peut sécuriser le conseil en informant les patients des risques liés à ces régimes, et en adaptant son conseil aux besoins de la personne. Ce document donne quelques indications au pharmacien pour l'aider au quotidien à conseiller des produits issus de la phytothérapie en accompagnement d'un régime amaigrissant.Along with the development of a cult of the "perfect body", diets thrive and are often undertaken without medical advice. In addition, the alternative medicine industry, herbal medicine in particular, has been consistently growing, especially on the Internet. After studying three of the best-selling plants on-line (Garcinia cambogia, hoodia gordonii, and Nopal), we see that the health risks are still often poorly assessed and effectiveness research have not reached conclusive results yet. Pharmacists have an important role to play in advising people undertaking a diet. They can keep the patients safe by informing them about the risks and adapting their advice to their special needs. This document provides some guidance to assist the pharmacist in advising on herbal products to accompany dieting.GRENOBLE1-BU Médecine pharm. (385162101) / SudocSudocFranceF