Cationic Interdiffusion at the SOFC Electrolyte/Cathode Interface in La2Mo2O9/La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ

In this work cation diffusion between a La2Mo2O9 (LM) ionic conductor and the conventional Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) cathode material La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ (LSM), was probed using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and diffusion coefficients of Sr, Mo and Mn cations within both materials evaluated. Diffusion coefficients extracted from samples with a Sr solution deposited on the LM pellets and from a Mo solution deposited on LSM pellets were found to be orders of magnitude higher than the cross-diffusion through the interface between two dense pellets in direct contact. These differences may be due to uncertainty in determining the interface position, or to a real dependence on the source of the diffusing cation. In the most favorable case, that of pellets in direct contact, extrapolation of diffusion coefficients down to a typical SOFC operating temperature, 800 °C, show that Mo diffusion in LSM (diffusion coefficient ∼ 10−14 cm2.s−1) is much higher than Sr or Mn diffusion in LM, and incompatible with use in a SOFC device, unless an efficient buffer layer is used

Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Bacterial Epidemiology of Peritoneal Tuberculosis in Two University Hospitals in France

<p>Article full text</p><p>The full text of this article can be found here <b><u>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40121-016-0113-2</u></b></p><p><b><u><br></u></b></p><p>Provide enhanced content for this article</p><p>If you are an author of this publication and would like to provide additional enhanced content for your article then please contact <a href="http://www.medengine.com/Redeem/”mailto:[email protected]”"><b>[email protected]</b></a>.</p><p>The journal offers a range of additional features designed to increase visibility and readership. All features will be thoroughly peer reviewed to ensure the content is of the highest scientific standard and all features are marked as ‘peer reviewed’ to ensure readers are aware that the content has been reviewed to the same level as the articles they are being presented alongside. Moreover, all sponsorship and disclosure information is included to provide complete transparency and adherence to good publication practices. This ensures that however the content is reached the reader has a full understanding of its origin. No fees are charged for hosting additional open access content.</p><p>Other enhanced features include, but are not limited to:</p><p> </p><ul> <li>Slide decks</li> <li>Videos and animations</li> <li>Audio abstracts</li> <li>Audio slides</li> </ul><ul> </ul

Delta-toxin peak in spectra from clinical strains.

<p>Whole-Cell Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization – Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry analysis of 6 representative clinical strains from the collection of 168. BE1103 3028 and BE1046 1395 are two delta-toxin positive strains showing 3005±5 Thomson (Th) peak; BE1104 4293 and BE1050 5040 are 2 strains expressing a mutated G10S delta-toxin; they exhibited no peak at 3005±5 Th but an additional peak at 3035±5 Th; BE1106 5397 and BE1048 2354 are two delta-toxin negative strains showing no peak at 3005±5 Th or at 3035±5 Th. Settings of the mass spectrometer are the same as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0040660#pone-0040660-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a>.</p

Multivariate analysis of <i>accessory gene regulator</i> status for 154 infecting isolates.

a<p><i>agr</i>: accessory gene regulator;</p>b<p>OR: odd ratio;</p>c<p>CI: confidence interval;</p>d<p>GISA: glycopeptide intermediate <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strains - hGISA: heterogeneous GISA;</p>e<p>Reference;</p>f<p>χ² (1 degree of freedom)  =  -2 log likelihood (model 2 - model 1)  = 0.608; <i>p</i> = 0.413;</p>g<p>MSSA: methicillin-sensitive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>;</p>h<p>MRSA: methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus.</i></p

Determination of delta-toxin status of clinical strains.

a<p>Th: Thomson.</p>b<p>MALDI-TOF MS: Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometry.</p>c<p><i>hld</i>: gene encoding delta-toxin.</p>d<p>NT: not tested.</p>e<p>G10S: mutated delta-toxin with glycine 10 replaced by a serine.</p>f<p>WT: wild type delta-toxin.</p>g<p>MALDI/TOF-TOF MS: Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight/Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometry.</p

Northern blot analysis of <i>accessory gene regulator</i>-RNAIII.

<p>Lane 1, positive control isolate (delta-toxin producer); lanes 2 to 18 correspond to the 17 delta-toxin negative clinical isolates. 5S rRNA was used as loading control.</p

Identification of the delta-toxin peak using purified delta-toxin and isogenic strains.

<p>Purified delta-toxin from wild-type <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (500 ng) or strains mutated in the <i>accessory gene regulator (agr)</i> locus were spotted on the target and analysed in the Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization – Time-of-Flight mass spectrometer with a mass-to-charge ratio (<i>m</i>/<i>z</i>) range of 2800 to 3200 Thomson (Th). Setting were as follows: mass range 2000–20000 Th; laser power 80 Volts; pulse extraction 8330 Th; number of laser fires per sample 500; noise cut off 10 mVolts with a minimum resolution of 300; Auto quality mode activated. The settings of the detector were according to the linear mode with a positive source of 20000 Th and a negative pulsed extraction at 2100 Th. The arrow in panel A indicates delta-toxin; additional peaks of 3024, 3040 and 3056 Th correspond to contaminants resulting from the purification of the toxin from <i>S. aureus</i> culture supernatant. Isogenic strains were: RN6390 (delta positive strain) RN6911 (full <i>agr knock-out</i>, delta negative strain) and LUG 950 (<i>rna</i>III <i>knock-out</i>, delta negative strain).</p

Microbiological and patient characteristics stratified by <i>accessory gene regulator</i> function.

a<p>*<i>p</i> value on univariate analysis.</p>b<p>Fisher’s exact test.</p>c<p>GISA: Glycopeptides Intermediate <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.</p>d<p>hGISA: heterogeneous GISA.</p>e<p>ND: not determined.</p>f<p>mo: month; yrs: years.</p>g<p>Mann-Whitney test.</p>h<p>M: male, F:female.</p>i<p>30-days mortality.</p