2 research outputs found

    Metodos estandar diversos para la investigacion en Apis mellifera

    No full text
    A variety of methods are used in honey bee research and differ depending on the level at which the research is conducted. On an individual level, the handling of individual honey bees, including the queen, larvae and pupae are required. There are different methods for the immobilising, killing and storing as well as determining individual weight of bees. The precise timing of developmental stages is also an important aspect of sampling individuals for experiments. In order to investigate and manipulate functional processes in honey bees, e.g. memory formation and retrieval and gene expression, microinjection is often used. A method that is used by both researchers and beekeepers is the marking of queens that serves not only to help to locate her during her life, but also enables the dating of queens. Creating multiple queen colonies allows the beekeeper to maintain spare queens, increase brood production or ask questions related to reproduction. On colony level, very useful techniques are the measurement of intra hive mortality using dead bee traps, weighing of full hives, collecting pollen and nectar, and digital monitoring of brood development via location recognition. At the population level, estimation of population density is essential to evaluate the health status and using beelines help to locate wild colonies. These methods, described in this paper, are especially valuable when investigating the effects of pesticide applications, environmental pollution and diseases on colony survival.En la investigaci贸n de la abeja de la miel, se han usado una variedad de m茅todos que se diferencian en funci贸n del nivel en el que se realiza la investigaci贸n. Al nivel individual, el manejo de las abejas individuales es necesario, incluyendo a la reina, las larvas y las pupas. Existen diferentes m茅todos para la inmovilizaci贸n, mortandad y almacenamiento, as铆 como para la determinaci贸n del peso individual de las abejas. La precisi贸n en la sincronizaci贸n de las etapas de desarrollo es tambi茅n un aspecto importante de los experimentos con muestreos individuales. La microinyecci贸n se utiliza a menudo con el fin de investigar y manipular los procesos funcionales de las abejas mel铆feras, como por ejemplo, la formaci贸n y recuperaci贸n de la memoria y la expresi贸n g茅nica. Un m茅todo utilizado tanto por investigadores como apicultores es el marcado de las reinas, que sirve no s贸lo para ayudar a localizarlas durante su vida, sino que tambi茅n permite su dataci贸n. La creaci贸n de varias colmenas a partir de reinas permite al apicultor mantener reinas de repuesto, aumentar la producci贸n de cr铆a o hacer preguntas relacionadas con la reproducci贸n. Al nivel de colmena, la medici贸n de la mortalidad intra colmena utilizando trampas de abejas muertas, el pesaje de las colmenas completas, la recolecci贸n de polen y n茅ctar, y el seguimiento digital del desarrollo de la cr铆a a trav茅s del reconocimiento de su ubicaci贸n, son algunas de las t茅cnicas m谩s 煤tiles. Al nivel poblacional, la estimaci贸n de la densidad de poblaci贸n es fundamental para evaluar el estado de salud y el uso de l铆neas rectas para ayudar a localizar colmenas silvestres. Los m茅todos descritos en este art铆culo, son especialmente valiosos en la investigaci贸n de los efectos de la aplicaci贸n de pesticidas, la contaminaci贸n ambiental y las enfermedades sobre la supervivencia de la colmena.The COST Action FA0803http://www.ibra.org.uk/am201

    Miscellaneous Standard Methods For Apis Mellifera Research

    Get PDF
    A variety of methods are used in honey bee research and differ depending on the level at which the research is conducted. On an individual level, the handling of individual honey bees, including the queen, larvae and pupae are required. There are different methods for the immobilising, killing and storing as well as determining individual weight of bees. The precise timing of developmental stages is also an important aspect of sampling individuals for experiments. In order to investigate and manipulate functional processes in honey bees, e. g. memory formation and retrieval and gene expression, microinjection is often used. A method that is used by both researchers and beekeepers is the marking of queens that serves not only to help to locate her during her life, but also enables the dating of queens. Creating multiple queen colonies allows the beekeeper to maintain spare queens, increase brood production or ask questions related to reproduction. On colony level, very useful techniques are the measurement of intra hive mortality using dead bee traps, weighing of full hives, collecting pollen and nectar, and digital monitoring of brood development via location recognition. At the population level, estimation of population density is essential to evaluate the health status and using beelines help to locate wild colonies. These methods, described in this paper, are especially valuable when investigating the effects of pesticide applications, environmental pollution and diseases on colony survival.Wo
    corecore