Conhecimento sobre a Criosfera e Mudanças Climáticas: relato de experiência durante a Semana Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia

O presente artigo é o relato de uma experiência extensionista realizada durante a 18a Semana Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia com o intuito de divulgar para a comunidade, em especial para estudantes e professores da educação básica, conhecimentos básicos sobre a Criosfera e as Mudanças Climáticas, estimulando a abordagem de tais temas nas escolas. Para tanto, foram realizadas interações com os visitantes do estande “Oceano e Antártica”, incluindo uma enquete, recursos educacionais concretos e experimentos demonstrativos. A enquete questionou se “urso-polar come pinguim”, despertando a curiosidade dos participantes e utilizando-se de materiais interativos para evidenciar a localização das regiões polares no globo. Após a interação e o manuseio dos recursos concretos, os participantes puderam rever suas respostas, verificando sua compreensão quanto à distribuição geográfica dos representantes mais icônicos de sua fauna. O efeito do derretimento de geleiras e banquisas devido às Mudanças Climáticas no nível dos Oceanos e do comportamento dos icebergs na água foi demonstrado por meio de experimentos utilizando materiais simples e acessíveis, incentivando a aplicação das metodologias e a abordagem do tema nas escolas. As atividades despertaram interesse e contribuíram para a divulgação científica

ナンキョク サン ゲンゲカ ノ サカナ Ophthalmolycus amberensis ノ セツエ コウドウ ニ オケル カガクテキ シカクテキ シゲキ カンカク

南極産げんげ科に属する魚Ophthalmolycus amberensisはサウスシエトランド諸島, キングジョージ島, アドミラルティ湾の深度140-200mの低照度層に出現する。この低照度環境下における摂餌行動時の行動的, 感覚的適応度を評価するために室内実験を行った。おきあみ死体, 魚肉, 端脚類生体を餌料として選んだ。摂餌行動は主として化学刺激によって誘起される。視覚刺激は摂餌行動の開始までに長時間を要する弱い誘因である。従ってO. amberensisは大きな嗅上皮, 鼻と鼻孔附近の高密度の味蕾, 長い桿体を持ち堆体を欠く網膜を持つ。食物の選択性が認められる。これに応じた多様な形の味蕾が口唇上と口咽頭腔に存在する。光の有無にかかわらず, 食餌発見の最初の検出器官として化学的感覚系を使用する能力により, O. amberensisは周年海底の異なった生息環境を有効に活用することができるようになっている。The Antarctic eelpout Ophthalmolycus amberensis occurs in Admiralty Bay (King George Island, South Shetlands), at 140-200m depth, where light intensity is low. To assess behavioural and sensory adaptations for feeding under these conditions, laboratory tests were undertaken. Dead krill, fish fillet, and live amphipods were the preferred food items. Feeding responses were mainly induced by chemical stimuli. Visual stimuli were weak elicitors, leading to a long delay in the initiation of feeding behaviour. These fishes present a large olfactory epithelium, a high density of taste buds on the snout and close to the nostrils, and a retina that contained long rods, but no cones. Food selection was observed. Varied types of taste buds were present on the lips and in the oro-pharyngeal cavity. The capacity to use a chemo-sensory system as first elicitor for food detection, either in the absence or presence of light, allows O. amberensis to efficiently exploit different habitats at the sea bottom, in all Antarctic seasons

Chemical and visual sensory systems in feeding behaviour of the Antarctic fish Ophthalmolycus amberensis (Zoarcidae)

The Antarctic eelpout Ophthalmolycus amberensis occurs in Admiralty Bay (King George Island, South Shetlands), at 140-200m depth, where light intensity is low. To assess behavioural and sensory adaptations for feeding under these conditions, laboratory tests were undertaken. Dead krill, fish fillet, and live amphipods were the preferred food items. Feeding responses were mainly induced by chemical stimuli. Visual stimuli were weak elicitors, leading to a long delay in the initiation of feeding behaviour. These fishes present a large olfactory epithelium, a high density of taste buds on the snout and close to the nostrils, and a retina that contained long rods, but no cones. Food selection was observed. Varied types of taste buds were present on the lips and in the oro-pharyngeal cavity. The capacity to use a chemo-sensory system as first elicitor for food detection, either in the absence or presence of light, allows O. amberensis to efficiently exploit different habitats at the sea bottom, in all Antarctic seasons

BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY A N I N T E R N A T I O N A L J O U R N A L Effects of Food Deprivation in Muscle Structure and Composition of Traíra (Hoplias malabaricus): Potential Implications on Flesh Quality

ABSTRACT Hoplias malabaricus (traíra) were experimentally starved (0 to 240 days) and subsequently re-fed for 30 days (after 90 and 240-d fastin