Gender Differences in the Intergenerational Earnings Mobility of Second-Generation Migrants

This study analyzes gender diff erences in the intergenerational earnings mobility of second-generation migrants in Germany. The analysis takes into account potential infl uences like assortative mating in the form of ethnic marriages and the parental integration measured by parents’ years since migration. First, intergenerational earnings elasticities are estimated at the mean and along the earnings distribution. The results do not reveal large diff erences in the intergenerational mobility – neither between natives and migrants nor between men and women. Second, intergenerational changes in the relative earnings position are analyzed. The results show that migrants are less likely than natives to worsen their relative earnings position while they have the same probability as natives to improve their earnings position. In summary, migrants are mostly as (im)mobile as the native population.International migration; second-generation migrants; intergenerational mobility; marriage

Labor Market Effects of Immigration: Evidence from Neighborhood Data

This paper combines individual-level data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) with economic and demographic postcode-level data from administrative records to analyze the effects of immigration on wages and unemployment probabilities of high- an

Labor Market Effects of Immigration: Evidence from Neighborhood Data

This paper combines individual-level data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) with economic and demographic postcode-level data from administrative records to analyze the effects of immigration on wages and unemployment probabilities of high- and low-skilled natives. Employing an instrumental variable strategy and utilizing the variation in the population share of foreigners across regions and time, we find no support for the hypothesis of adverse labor market effects of immigration.international migration, effects of immigration

HEALTH, FOOD SAFETY AND MEAT DEMAND

For nearly two decades, the U.S. beef industry has faced a long term structural change, which has resulted in consumers shifting from beef to chicken. This shift has occurred due to consumer concerns on cholesterol consumption. More recently, this industry has confronted new challenges on the safety of beef, due to the potential presence of biological contaminants. This study incorporates a measure on food safety with a measure on health information in a meat demand system. Beef safety information is found to have a modest impact on beef demand, but is dominated by health information.meat demand, health, food safety, LA/AIDS, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Livestock Production/Industries,

Gender Differences in the Earnings Mobility of Migrants

This study analyses gender differences in the intergenerational earnings mobility of second-generation migrants in Germany. Thereby it takes into account the influence of assortative mating and the parental integration. First, intergenerational earnings elasticities are estimated at the mean and along the earnings distribution. The results do not reveal large differences in the mobility â neither between natives and migrants nor between men and women. Second, intergenerational changes in the relative earnings position are analysed. These results confirm that migrants are mostly as (im)mobile as the native population

Labor Market Effects of Immigration: Evidence from Neighborhood Data

This paper combines individual-level data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) with economic and demographic postcode-level data from administrative records to analyze the effects of immigration on wages and unemployment probabilities of high- and low-skilled natives. Employing an instrumental variable strategy and utilizing the variation in the population share of foreigners across regions and time, we find no support for the hypothesis of adverse labor market effects of immigration.

Hierarchies of Predominantly Connected Communities

We consider communities whose vertices are predominantly connected, i.e., the vertices in each community are stronger connected to other community members of the same community than to vertices outside the community. Flake et al. introduced a hierarchical clustering algorithm that finds such predominantly connected communities of different coarseness depending on an input parameter. We present a simple and efficient method for constructing a clustering hierarchy according to Flake et al. that supersedes the necessity of choosing feasible parameter values and guarantees the completeness of the resulting hierarchy, i.e., the hierarchy contains all clusterings that can be constructed by the original algorithm for any parameter value. However, predominantly connected communities are not organized in a single hierarchy. Thus, we develop a framework that, after precomputing at most $2(n-1)$ maximum flows, admits a linear time construction of a clustering \C(S) of predominantly connected communities that contains a given community $S$ and is maximum in the sense that any further clustering of predominantly connected communities that also contains $S$ is hierarchically nested in \C(S). We further generalize this construction yielding a clustering with similar properties for $k$ given communities in $O(kn)$ time. This admits the analysis of a network's structure with respect to various communities in different hierarchies.Comment: to appear (WADS 2013

Beschäftigung von Menschen mit Behinderung in der Landwirtschaft – die Rolle der Vernetzung mit „Grünen“ Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen

The cooperation and link of “Workshops for Adapted Work” with actors from a respective region is an important issue in socio and regional politics because it can improve the inclusion of employees with disabilities and can create new possibilities of composite farm income. Our research investigates the prospects and conditions of such cooperation in a case study approach with four Workshops within Germany. In this survey we applied qualitative and quantitative methods of social sciences and investigated different stakeholders: disabled people (employees), farmers / entrepreneurs as (potential) employers and managers of such Workshops as experts. The data analysis includes descriptive statistics, content analysis and the Delphi method. The results will be published in a manual for Workshops and shall foster innovations in rural development and social services

Do insulin-sensitizing drugs increase ovulation rates for women with PCOS?

Short-term use of metformin (Glucophage) improves ovulation rates for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials [RCT]). Metformin also decreases menstrual irregularities (SOR: B, extrapolated from a systematic review). When added to clomiphene, metformin increases ovulation and pregnancy rates when compared with clomiphene alone (SOR: A, systematic review). Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) improve ovulation rates as well (SOR: B, based on low-quality RCTs). Research of longer duration including the key outcomes of pregnancy and birth rates, is needed to clarify the appropriate use of insulin-sensitizing drugs for PCOS