Hipertensão arterial e sua associação com índices antropométricos em adultos de uma cidade de pequeno porte do interior do Brasil

OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência da Hipertensão Arterial (HA) em adultos e sua associação com o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e Circunferência da Cintura (CC). MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal, de base populacional, com amostra aleatória simples (>18 anos). Investigados 1.168 indivíduos. Questionários padronizados. Realizadas medidas de pressão arterial (critério de HA > 140x90mmHg), peso, altura e CC. Dados armazenados (programa Microsoft Access) e analisados por meio do programa Epi-info, versão 3.3.2. RESULTADOS: Predomínio do sexo feminino (63,2%), idade média 43,2 ± 14,9 anos. Prevalência de HA de 32,7%, com tendência a ser maior entre homens (35,8%) que entre mulheres (30,9%) (p=0,084). Associação positiva (pOBJECTIVE: Estimate the prevalence of Arterial Hypertension (AH) and its association with Body Mass Index (BMI) and Abdominal Circumference (AC) in the adult population from the city of Firminópolis, in the state of Goiás, Brazil. METHODS: Descriptive, observational, cross sectional population-based study substantiated by a home survey of a simple random sample (>18 years old). The study evaluated 1168 individuals. Standardized questionnaires. Measurements performed were Blood Pressure (BP) (hypertension: BP > 140x90mmHg), weight,, height and AC. Microsoft Office Access and Epi-info, 3.3.2 version were used for data storage and analysis, respectively. RESULTS: There was a predominance of females (63.2%), mean age was 43.2 ±14.9 years old. Prevalence of hypertension was 32.7%, with tendency to be higher among the male population (35.8%) when compared to the female (30.9%) (p=0.084). Association between AH and BMI was positive (p<0.001), as well as between AC and age. Prevalence of overweight was 33.7% and obesity, 16.0%. Overweight was higher among the male population and obesity among the female population. Prevalence of increased as well as greatly increased AC in 51.9% of the studied population, with 28.6% among males and 65.5% among females. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of hypertension and a large number of individuals with BMI and AC above the ideal values were found

Prevalence of sedentary lifestyle in school adolescents of a brazilian capital

Submitted by Erika Demachki ([email protected]) on 2014-10-14T17:57:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Flávia Miquetichuc Nogueira Nascente - 2013.pdf: 2117132 bytes, checksum: 25ca3d263813d9ead167a558043dac40 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva ([email protected]) on 2014-10-16T18:45:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Flávia Miquetichuc Nogueira Nascente - 2013.pdf: 2117132 bytes, checksum: 25ca3d263813d9ead167a558043dac40 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-16T18:45:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Flávia Miquetichuc Nogueira Nascente - 2013.pdf: 2117132 bytes, checksum: 25ca3d263813d9ead167a558043dac40 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-29Introduction: Adolescence is a stage of transition from childhood to adulthood, marked by changes and exposure to different situations and health risks. Sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor for various diseases and knowing its prevalence and associated factors may help in combating and preventing diseases and promoting physical activity. Objective: To determine the prevalence of sedentary lifestyle and physical activity levels and associated factors in adolescents aged 14 to 18 enrolled in public and private school system of Goiania-Goias. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with a representative sample of adolescents. Physical activity was measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire _IPAQ_ (insufficiently active, sufficiently active and very active). Sedentary lifestyle was defined according to the World Health Organization as a moderate and/or vigorous physical activity expenditure less than 300 minutes a week. The independent variables: gender, age, skin color, smoking, alcohol consumption in the previous 30 days, socioeconomic status, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, pulse pressure and caloric expenditure. To determine the factors associated with sedentary lifestyle the chi-square and Poisson regression test were applied, whereas for comparison of means the Student t test, ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test were used, considering a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The sample consisted of 862 with mean age of 15.41.1. Prevalence of the female gender (52.8%), with the majority in the age group of 14 and 15 (52.2%). For the skin color 51.2% related being “white”. In relation to the socioeconomic classification 52.5% from de students belonged to the Class C. Most of the adolescents was from public schools (69.1%). Smoking was present in 1.6% and alcohol consumption in 72.2% of the sample. Altered Blood pressure (17.4%), altered waist circumference (14.0%) and overweight (20.9%). Prevalence of sedentary lifestyle was 66.8% (95% CI: 63.5-69.9). The male adolescents were more physically active than the females ones (78.0% vs. 54.3%, p<0.001). According to the questionnaire used: 35.7% (n=308) were insufficiently active, 36.7% (n=316) sufficiently active and 27.6% (n=238) very active. The male gender presented lower levels of diastolic blood pressure (66.9 mmHg, p=0.025) and heart rate (72.7 mmHg, p=0.038) when associated with higher levels of physical activity. In females there were no significant associations among physical activity level and the independent variables (p>0.05). Conclusion: The majority of the adolescents were classified as sedentary. The male gender was more active than the female one. In the students from the male gender the physical activity levels were inversely associated with the diastolic blood pressure and the heart rate.Introdução: A adolescência é uma fase de transição da infância para a vida adulta, exposta a diversas situações e riscos para a saúde. O sedentarismo é um fator de risco para vários tipos de doenças e conhecer sua prevalência e fatores associados podem ajudar no combate e prevenção de doenças e na promoção da atividade física. Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência de sedentarismo e os níveis de atividade física e fatores associados em adolescentes de 14 a 18 anos, de escolas públicas e privadas de Goiânia-Goiás. Metodologia: Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de adolescentes. A atividade física foi medida pelo Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física _IPAQ_ (insuficientemente ativo, suficientemente ativo e muito ativo). O sedentarismo foi definido pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como uma prática de atividade física moderada e/ou vigorosa menor que 300 minutos por semana. Variáveis independentes: sexo, idade, cor da pele, tabagismo, consumo de bebida alcoólica nos últimos 30 dias, nível socioeconômico, índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura, pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, pressão de pulso e gasto calórico. Para determinar os fatores associados ao sedentarismo foram aplicados o teste de qui-quadrado e regressão de Poisson, enquanto que para comparação de médias foram utilizados o teste t de Student, ANOVA e Kruskal Wallis, considerando-se nível de significância p<0,05. Resultados: A amostra composta por 862 adolescentes com média de idade de 15,41,1 anos. Predominância do sexo feminino (52,8%), com maioria na faixa etária de 14 e 15 anos (52,2%). Para a cor da pele 51,2% relataram ser “brancos”. Em relação à classificação socioeconômica 52,5% dos alunos pertenciam à classe C. A maioria era de escolas públicas (69,1%). Tabagismo presente em 1,6% e consumo de álcool em 72,2%. Pressão arterial alterada (17,4%), circunferência da cintura alterada (14,0%) e excesso de peso (20,9%). Prevalência de sedentarismo de 66,8% (IC95%: 63,5-69,9). Os adolescentes do sexo masculino foram fisicamente mais ativos do que as do feminino (78,0% vs. 54,3%; p<0,001). Segundo o questionário utilizado: 35,7%(n=308) eram insuficientemente ativos, 36,7%(n=316) suficientemente ativos e 27,6%(n=236) muito ativos. O sexo masculino apresentou menores níveis de pressão arterial diastólica (66,9mmHg; p=0,025) e frequência cardíaca (72,7mmHg; p=0,038) quando associado a maiores níveis de atividade física. No sexo feminino não foram observadas associações significativas entre nível de atividade física e as variáveis independentes (p>0,05). Conclusão: A maioria dos adolescentes foi classificada como sedentária. O sexo masculino foi mais ativo que o feminino. No sexo masculino os níveis de atividade física associaram-se inversamente à pressão arterial diastólica e à frequência cardíaca

Study of prevalence of hypertension and its association with certain risk factors in adults in a small town in the interior of Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:29:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao flavia miquetichuc.pdf: 1031433 bytes, checksum: 00d901aa0ad1ef0e5d112b2404b81fd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-17Hypertension is one of the biggest problems of public health all over the world. It s a common disease, asymptomatic, readily detectable, usually easy to treat and often generates lethal complications when it s not treated. Some risk factors for this disease are common, even in small urban nucleus. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its correlation with some cardiovascular risk factors in adult population from Firminópolis Goiás. METHODS - This was a descriptive, observational, transversal population-based study substantiated by the home survey of a simple random sample (&#8805;18 years old). Standardized questionnaires were used, blood pressure (BP) measures (Hypertension BP &#8805; 140x90mmHg), weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Abdominal Circumference (AC) were performed. Microsoft Access and Epi-Info 3.3.2 were used for data storage and analysis, respectively. RESULTS The study evaluated 1.168 individuals. There was a predominance of females (63,2%), mean age 43,2 ± 14,9 years old. Overweight prevalence was 33,7% and obesity 16,0%. Abdominal Circunference changed in 51,8% (24,2% high risk and 27,7% very high risk). The prevalence of smoking was 23,2%, more frequent among males (27,3%) when compared to females (20,8%). A sedentary lifestyle was observed in 67,6% females and 64,8% males. Regular alcohol consumption was reported by 33,3% of the sample, with the predominance of males. The prevalence of Hypertension was 32,7%. It was found a positive correlation among Hypertension, BMI, AC, age and negatively with schooling. CONCLUSION It was found a high prevalence of Hypertension, overweight, obesity and abdominal circumference. Anthropometric data over appropriate values and age increase the risk for hypertension, while the number of years of study and female gender represented a protective factor for its occurrenceA Hipertensão Arterial (HA) é um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública em todo o mundo. É uma afecção comum, assintomática, prontamente detectável, em geral de fácil tratamento e que costuma gerar complicações letais quando não tratada. Alguns fatores de risco para a doença são comuns mesmo em pequenos núcleos urbanos. OBJETIVO - Estimar a prevalência da HA e sua correlação com alguns fatores de risco cardiovasculares na população adulta de Firminópolis - Goiás. MÉTODOS - Estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal, de base populacional, com amostra aleatória simples (&#8805;18 anos). Questionários padronizados, realizadas medidas de pressão arterial (critério de hipertensão &#8805; 140x90mmHg), peso, altura, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e Circunferência da Cintura (CC). Dados armazenados (programa Microsoft Acess) e analisados através do programa Epi-info. RESULTADOS - Investigados 1.168 indivíduos. Predomínio do sexo feminino (63,2%), média de idade de 43,2 ± 14,9 anos. Prevalência de sobrepeso 33,7% e de obesidade 16,0%. Circunferência da cintura alterada em 51,8% (24,2% risco aumentado e 27,7% risco muito aumentado). Tabagismo teve prevalência de 23,2% (27,3% entre homens e 20,8% entre mulheres). Sedentarismo no trabalho e no lazer presente em 67,6% e 64,8% da população respectivamente (maior entre mulheres). Etilismo em 33,3% da amostra (predomínio do sexo masculino). Prevalência de HA de 32,7%. Encontrada correlação positiva da HA com IMC, CC e faixa etária e negativa com escolaridade. CONCLUSÃO Encontrada alta prevalência de HA, excesso de peso e CC. Os dados antropométricos acima dos valores adequados e a idade aumentam o risco para HA, enquanto o número de anos de estudo e o sexo feminino representaram fator de proteção para o seu apareciment

Hipertensão arterial e sua correlação com alguns fatores de risco em cidade brasileira de pequeno porte

FUNDAMENTO: A hipertensão arterial (HA) é um problema de saúde que atinge um grande número de hipertensos não diagnosticados ou não tratados adequadamente e que possui um alto índice de abandono ao tratamento. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência da HA e sua correlação com alguns fatores de risco cardiovasculares na população adulta de Firminópolis-GO. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal com base populacional, amostra aleatória simples (> 18 anos): questionários padronizados com medidas de pressão arterial (critério de HA > 140 x 90 mmHg), peso, altura, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e circunferência da cintura (CC). Dados armazenados (Microsoft Acess) e analisados pelo Epi-info. RESULTADOS: Investigados 1.168 indivíduos, com predomínio de mulheres. Sexo feminino - 63,2% com média de idade entre 43,2 ± 14,9 anos. Prevalência de sobrepeso em 33,7% e obesidade em 16,0% dos indivíduos. Prevalência de CC alterada em 51,8% e de tabagismo em 23,2%. Sedentarismo no trabalho e no lazer presente em 67,6% e em 64,8% dos indivíduos, respectivamente, com proporção maior entre as mulheres. Etilismo em 33,3% da amostra. A prevalência de HA foi de 32,7%, em maior número entre os homens (35,8%) do que entre as mulheres (30,9%). Encontrada correlação positiva da HA com IMC, CC e faixa etária. Correlação negativa de HA e escolaridade, com 18,2% de hipertensos com nove anos ou mais de estudo. CONCLUSÃO: Encontrada alta prevalência de HA, excesso de peso e CC. O sexo feminino representou fator de proteção para o risco de HA. Encontradas correlação positiva da HA com IMC, CC, e faixa etária e correlação negativa com escolaridade

White-coat, masked and sustained hypertension detected by home blood pressure monitoring in adolescents: prevalence and associated factors

Purpose: Population-based studies estimating prevalence’s of white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension in non-European adolescents are needed, particularly in developing countries. Aiming to determine these estimates and, additionally identify factors associated to these conditions this study was conducted. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study with a representative sample of secondary school students from a Brazilian state capital. Office measurements were performed with validated semi-automatic devices. Home BP (blood pressure) monitoring protocol included two day-time and two evening-time measurements over 6 days. Adolescents’ were classified as: normotensives (office and home BP <95th percentile); sustained hypertensives (office and home BP ≥95th percentile); white-coat hypertensives (office BP ≥95th percentile and home BP <95th percentile) and masked hypertensives (office BP <95th percentile and home BP ≥95th percentile). Logistic regression models were built to identify if sex, age, BMI and family history of HTN were independently associated with white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension. Results: In a sample of 1024 adolescents, prevalence of white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension was 7.5%, 2.2% and 1.7%, respectively. Male sex was positively associated with white-coat hypertension (OR 2.68; 95%CI 1.58–4.54; p < 0.001). BMI was positively associated with both white-coat (OR 1.23; 95%CI 1.16–1.30; p < 0.001) and sustained hypertension (OR 1.19; 95%CI 1.11–1.29; p < 0.001). None of the independent variables were associated with masked hypertension in this population. Conclusion: The estimated prevalence of white-coat hypertension, masked and sustained hypertension in a population of non-European adolescents assessed by home BP monitoring was 7.5%, 2.2% and 1.7% respectively. Male sex was positively associated with white-coat hypertension in these adolescents while BMI was positively associated with both white-coat and sustained hypertension

Hipertensão arterial e sua correlação com alguns fatores de risco em cidade brasileira de pequeno porte Hipertensión arterial y su correlación con algunos factores de riesgo en ciudad brasileña de pequeño tamaño Arterial hypertension and its correlation with some risk factors in a small brazilian town

FUNDAMENTO: A hipertensão arterial (HA) é um problema de saúde que atinge um grande número de hipertensos não diagnosticados ou não tratados adequadamente e que possui um alto índice de abandono ao tratamento. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência da HA e sua correlação com alguns fatores de risco cardiovasculares na população adulta de Firminópolis-GO. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal com base populacional, amostra aleatória simples (> 18 anos): questionários padronizados com medidas de pressão arterial (critério de HA > 140 x 90 mmHg), peso, altura, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e circunferência da cintura (CC). Dados armazenados (Microsoft Acess) e analisados pelo Epi-info. RESULTADOS: Investigados 1.168 indivíduos, com predomínio de mulheres. Sexo feminino - 63,2% com média de idade entre 43,2 ± 14,9 anos. Prevalência de sobrepeso em 33,7% e obesidade em 16,0% dos indivíduos. Prevalência de CC alterada em 51,8% e de tabagismo em 23,2%. Sedentarismo no trabalho e no lazer presente em 67,6% e em 64,8% dos indivíduos, respectivamente, com proporção maior entre as mulheres. Etilismo em 33,3% da amostra. A prevalência de HA foi de 32,7%, em maior número entre os homens (35,8%) do que entre as mulheres (30,9%). Encontrada correlação positiva da HA com IMC, CC e faixa etária. Correlação negativa de HA e escolaridade, com 18,2% de hipertensos com nove anos ou mais de estudo. CONCLUSÃO: Encontrada alta prevalência de HA, excesso de peso e CC. O sexo feminino representou fator de proteção para o risco de HA. Encontradas correlação positiva da HA com IMC, CC, e faixa etária e correlação negativa com escolaridade.<br>FUNDAMENTO: La hipertensión arterial (HA) es un problema de salud que alcanza a un gran número de hipertensos no diagnosticados o no tratados adecuadamente y que posee un alto índice de abandono del tratamiento. OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de la HA y su correlación con algunos factores de riesgos cardiovasculares en la población adulta de Firminópolis-GO. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal con base poblacional, muestra aleatoria simple (>18 años): cuestionarios estandarizados con medidas de presión arterial (criterio de HA > 140 x 90 mmHg), peso, altura, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y circunferencia de la cintura (CC). Datos almacenados (Microsoft Acess) y analizados por el Epi-info. RESULTADOS: Investigados 1.168 individuos, con predominio de mujeres. Sexo femenino (63,2%) con media de edad entre 43,2 ± 14,9 años. Prevalencia de sobrepeso en 33,7% y obesidad en 16,0% de los individuos. Prevalencia de CC alterada en 51,8%y de tabaquismo en 23,2%. Sedentarismo en el trabajo y en el ocio presente en 67,6% y en 64,8% de los individuos, respectivamente, con proporción mayor entre las mujeres. Etilismo en 33,3% de la muestra. La prevalencia de HA fue de 32,7%, en mayor número entre los hombres (35,8%) que entre las mujeres (30,9%). Encontrada correlación positiva de la HA con IMC, CC y franja etárea. Correlación negativa de HA y escolaridad, con 18,2% de hipertensos con nueve años o más de estudio. CONCLUSIÓN: Encontrada alta prevalencia de HA, exceso de peso y CC. El sexo femenino representó factor de protección para el riesgo de HA. Encontradas correlación positiva de la HA con IMC, CC, y franja etárea y correlación negativa con escolaridad.<br>BACKGROUND: Arterial hypertension (AH) is a health problem that affects a large number of undiagnosed or inadequately treated hypertensive individuals and presents a high rate of treatment nonadherence. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of AH and its correlation with some cardiovascular risk factors among the adult population of the town of Firminopolis, state of Goiás, Brazil. METHODS: Descriptive, observational and cross-sectional population-based study of a simple random sample (age > 18 years): standardized questionnaires with blood pressure (BP) measurements (AH criterion: BP > 140 x 90 mmHg), weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Data were stored (Microsoft Access) and analyzed using Epi-info software. RESULTS: We evaluated 1,168 individuals, with a predominance of the female sex - 63.2% and a mean age of 43.2 ± 14.9 years. There was a prevalence of overweight in 33.7% of the individuals and obesity in 16.0% of the individuals. There was a prevalence of altered WC in 51.8% demand of smoking in 23.2%. A sedentary life style at work and leisure activities was present in 67.6% and 64.8% of the individuals, respectively, with a higher proportion seen among the women. Alcohol consumption was observed in 33.3% of the sample. The prevalence of AH was 32.7%, higher among the men (35.8%) than among the women (30.9%). A positive correlation with AH was identified with BMI, WC and age range. A negative correlation was observed between AH and level of schooling, with 18.2% of hypertensive individuals with 9 or more years of schooling. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of AH, overweight and WC alteration was identified. The female sex represented a protective factor for the risk of AH. A positive correlation was found between AH and BMI, WC and age range; a negative correlation was identified between AH and level of schooling

Sedentary lifestyle and its associated factors among adolescents from public and private schools of a Brazilian state capital

Abstract Background Adolescence is a transition stage between childhood and adulthood and is an important phase for the acquisition of future lifestyles, including the practice of physical activity (PA). The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle in adolescents is often high, creating the need for studies addressing the practice of PA and its associated factors for a better understanding of the phenomenon and possible interventions that would encourage positive changes. Methods Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of students aged 14–18 years enrolled in both public and private schools of a large Brazilian city to determine the level of physical activity (PA) and its associated factors. Sedentary lifestyle was measured by applying the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The independent variables were gender, age, race, tobacco use and alcohol consumption in the past 30 days, socioeconomic status, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure. The crude prevalence ratio was used as a measure of association and was estimated from a Poisson regression. Results The sample consisted of 862 adolescents with a mean age of 15.4 ± 1.1 years. Females were predominant (52.8%), and the age between 14 and 15 years was the most frequent (52.2%). The majority of the group reported themselves as Caucasians (51.2%), belonging to socioeconomic class C (52.5%) and were attending to public schools (69.1%). The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle was 66.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 63.5–69.9), where values of 65.4% and 69.9% were observed among students from public and private schools, respectively (p = 0.196). Sedentary lifestyle was more frequent in females (78.0% vs 54.3%; p < 0.001). The factor directly associated with sedentary lifestyle was female gender both in public and private schools and the only independent variable related to sedentarism was also female gender. Conclusion The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle was extremely high in the population of adolescents studied both in public and private schools. Female sex was directly associated with sedentary lifestyle

Office blood pressure measurements with oscillometric devices in adolescents: a comparison with home blood pressure

Purpose: Compare multiple in office BP measurements in adolescents using an oscillometric device with out-of-office blood pressure measurements (home blood pressure monitoring – HBPM). Materials and methods: Office measurements were performed with validated semi-automatic devices twice (3 minutes interval) in two different moments (1 week apart), with a total of four readings. These BP readings were named R1, R2, R3 and R4 (following the sequence they were performed), FDM (mean of two readings on first day) and SDM (mean of two readings on second day) and SRM (R2–R4 means). The HBPM protocol included two day-time and two evening-time measurements over 6 days. Results: A total of 1024 students between 12 and 17 years were included (mean age 14.68 years; 52.4% females). The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) values of R2, SDM and SRM were similar to HBPM values. Regarding diastolic blood pressure (DBP) HBPM value was different than R4. High SBP and DBP correlation coefficients with HBPM values were found for R2, SDM and SRM values. Conclusion: The second office BP measurement performed with an oscilometric device in adolescents was comparable to HBPM values, suggesting that two office readings might be suitable to rule out hypertension in this age group