Pengaruh Dosis Rhizobium Serta Macam Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Kacang Tanah (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Varietas Kancil

Peningkatan produksi kacang tanah dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan inokulum rhizobium dan pupuk kandang. Rhizobium merupakan bakteri yang mampu mengikat nitrogen di udara. Bakteri Rhizobium sebagai salah satu contoh kelompok bakteri yang berkemampuan sebagai penyedia hara bagi tanaman. Apabila bersimbiosis dengan tanaman legum, kelompok bakteri ini akan menginfeksi akar tanaman dan membentuk bintil akar. Pemberian pupuk kandang dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, selain itu juga memperbaiki struktur tanah.. Pemberian pupuk kandang meningkatkan aktivitas rhizobium sehingga dapat menginfeksi akar tanaman kacang tanah dan dapat meninggkatkan Nitrogen yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman kacang tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai Juli 2014 di Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang. Bahan yang digunakan pada percobaan adalah benih kacang tanah varietas Kancil, inokulum rhizobium (legin),, pupuk kandang sapi , pupuk kandang ayam, Urea, KCl dan pestisida. Alat yang digunakan adalah timbangan, alat pengukur luas daun (leaf area meter), oven untuk mengeringkan tanaman, cangkul, sekop, parang, sabit. Penelitian menggunakan RAK faktorial terdiri dari perlakuan pertama I0: Tanpa inokulum, I1: Inokulum rhizobium (legin) (5 g/kg benih), I2: Inokulum rhizobium (legin) (10 g/kg benih), I3: Inokulum rhizobium (legin) (15 g/kg benih). Perlakuan kedua P0: Tanpa pupuk P1: pupuk kandang sapi, P2: pupuk kandang ayam. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pemberian inokulum rhizobium 10 g/kg benih dan jenis pupuk kandang ayam memberikan hasil jumlah polong lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pemberian inokulum rhizobium 0 g/kg benih dan tanpa pupuk kandang. Pemberian inokulum rhizobium 5 g/kg benih dan tanpa pupuk kandang dapat memberikan hasil indeks panen tertinggi

Utilization of Peroxide Bleached Sugar Palm (Arenga Pinnata) Fibre Waste Into Cellulose Nano Crystal

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre (SPF) waste is a side product of sugar palm starch production and needs to be processed to avoid environmental pollution. Since the SPF has high cellulose content, it can be beneficial if it is valorized into high-value products such as cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). The CNC production from SPF was initiated by cellulose production by using an environmentally friendly peroxide bleaching as elementary chlorine free bleaching method. The CNC production was conducted via sulfuric acid hydrolysis at a temperature of 40°C, solid/liquid ratio of 1:10, and hydrolysis time of 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes. The same functional groups were observed in all CNC samples, including the appearance of the ester sulfate group. The decrease in yield and crystallinity index (CrI) as the hydrolysis time was observed. These phenomena were caused by the degradation of the crystalline structure of cellulose and the formation of the ester sulfate group. The measurement of CNC diameter size was carried out by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. The CNC diameter was below 100 nm which indicated the nanoparticle formation was observed at CNC produced at hydrolysis times of 75 and 90 minutes. In conclusion, CNC production was successfully produced from peroxide bleached SPF which is more environmentally friendly than the conventional method using chlorite bleached cellulose. Furthermore, it is needed to optimize the production of SPF CNC in further research