21 research outputs found
Results from a Large, Multinational Sample Using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire
Childhood maltreatment has diverse, lifelong impact on morbidity and
mortality. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) is one of the most
commonly used scales to assess and quantify these experiences and their
impact. Curiously, despite very widespread use of the CTQ, scores on its
Minimization-Denial (MD) subscaleâoriginally designed to assess a positive
response biasâare rarely reported. Hence, little is known about this measure.
If response biases are either common or consequential, current practices of
ignoring the MD scale deserve revision. Therewith, we designed a study to
investigate 3 aspects of minimization, as defined by the CTQâs MD scale: 1)
its prevalence; 2) its latent structure; and finally 3) whether minimization
moderates the CTQâs discriminative validity in terms of distinguishing between
psychiatric patients and community volunteers. Archival, item-level CTQ data
from 24 multinational samples were combined for a total of 19,652
participants. Analyses indicated: 1) minimization is common; 2) minimization
functions as a continuous construct; and 3) high MD scores attenuate the
ability of the CTQ to distinguish between psychiatric patients and community
volunteers. Overall, results suggest that a minimizing response biasâas
detected by the MD subscaleâhas a small but significant moderating effect on
the CTQâs discriminative validity. Results also may suggest that some prior
analyses of maltreatment rates or the effects of early maltreatment that have
used the CTQ may have underestimated its incidence and impact. We caution
researchers and clinicians about the widespread practice of using the CTQ
without the MD or collecting MD data but failing to assess and control for its
effects on outcomes or dependent variables
Le couple : sa formation, sa destruction et ce quâil y a entre les deux
La thĂ©orie de lâattachement reprĂ©sente un cadre thĂ©orique gĂ©nĂ©ral Ă la comprĂ©hension de lâorganisation des relations humaines tout au long de la vie et en particulier lors de lâadaptation aux situations de sĂ©paration. Si les premiers types de relations se reproduisent de maniĂšre gĂ©nĂ©rale au cours de la vie et dans les relations de couple en particulier, les expĂ©riences continuelles avec un conjoint - caractĂ©risĂ© par son propre type dâattachement - devenu une figure dâattachement importante, provoque la rĂ©actualisation du rĂ©seau de reprĂ©sentation interne (schĂ©mas internes actifs). Le type dâattachement de chaque partenaire influence donc le caractĂšre de la relation de couple. Cet article dĂ©crit les diffĂ©rents types dâattachement dâindividus et de couples et tente, dâune part, dâapprĂ©hender ce qui relie deux personnes, les attentes dâune relation, la capacitĂ© Ă crĂ©er une relation de proximitĂ© et dâintimitĂ©, et, dâautre part, de cerner les Ă©lĂ©ments qui Ă©veillent les conflits, ceux susceptibles de briser la relation et ceux qui caractĂ©risent le processus de sĂ©paration
Aggression and conduct disorder in former Soviet Union immigrant adolescents: The role of parenting style and ego identity
The study examined aggression, guilt feelings and conduct disorder (CD) in adolescent immigrants from the Former Soviet Union. One hundred and nineteen adolescents, including sixty six immigrants and fifty native Israelis from four residential schools, completed questionnaires assessing level of aggression, sense of guilt, ego identity, and parenting style. Objective assessments of CD were obtained from instructors at the residential schools, using the CBCL. Results indicate that diffused ego identity is the strongest predictor of aggression, guilt, and CD. A lack of positive parenting moderates the link between diffused ego identity and aggression and CD, while positive parenting promotes a sense of guilt, especially in the immigrant group. These results warrant cultural identity-sensitive interventions.Conduct disorder Ego identity Immigrant adolescents Parenting methods Residential schools