Procedures: skin tag (acrochordon) removal

This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the procedure for skin tag removal

SBML Level 3: an extensible format for the exchange and reuse of biological models

Systems biology has experienced dramatic growth in the number, size, and complexity of computational models. To reproduce simulation results and reuse models, researchers must exchange unambiguous model descriptions. We review the latest edition of the Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML), a format designed for this purpose. A community of modelers and software authors developed SBML Level 3 over the past decade. Its modular form consists of a core suited to representing reaction-based models and packages that extend the core with features suited to other model types including constraint-based models, reaction-diffusion models, logical network models, and rule-based models. The format leverages two decades of SBML and a rich software ecosystem that transformed how systems biologists build and interact with models. More recently, the rise of multiscale models of whole cells and organs, and new data sources such as single-cell measurements and live imaging, has precipitated new ways of integrating data with models. We provide our perspectives on the challenges presented by these developments and how SBML Level 3 provides the foundation needed to support this evolution

Fish distribution, abundance, and behavioral interactions within a large electric dispersal barrier designed to prevent Asian carp movement

We evaluated the abundance and behavior of wild fish within the electric barrier system in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. This electric barrier system serves to prevent the upstream migration of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (H. molitrix) to Lake Michigan from the Illinois River. We found that fish were most abundant below the electric barrier during the summer and fall, were observed near areas of peak voltage, and sometimes persistently challenged the barrier. Fish were relatively scarce within the barrier system during the winter and spring. Fish that were able to penetrate the farthest into the barrier system were smaller and tended to aggregate at the water surface, near the canal walls. The accumulation of fish that we observed below the barrier, and the persistent challenging behavior, raises concerns about breaches any time the barrier is de-energized for maintenance or during intermittent power outages. Entrainment and breach caused by barges traversing the barrier are concerns as well because of the water movements they create and how they alter the electrical field.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author