Marriage in an Age of Possibility: Joseph Epstein\u27s Divorced In America

Ever since the William Loud family first exhibited their marital difficulties on the Public Broadcasting Service, there has been a new direction in the popular literature on American divorce. In the past, the study of marital breakdown relied heavily on a foundation of case studies and empirical data. As society became more complex and variable, permutations from the basic theories became inextricably confused. Often the validity of a research technique would become a greater point of controversy than the results achieved. The product was a contradictory and prematurely dated body of knowledge in which no conclusive evidence could be assembled for an attack on the inadequacies of divorce law or the causes of marital breakdown. This left social engineers, already struggling against the inertia of archaic precedents, in a position where neither the status quo nor their reforms could be justified

Marriage in an Age of Possibility: Joseph Epstein\u27s Divorced In America

Ever since the William Loud family first exhibited their marital difficulties on the Public Broadcasting Service, there has been a new direction in the popular literature on American divorce. In the past, the study of marital breakdown relied heavily on a foundation of case studies and empirical data. As society became more complex and variable, permutations from the basic theories became inextricably confused. Often the validity of a research technique would become a greater point of controversy than the results achieved. The product was a contradictory and prematurely dated body of knowledge in which no conclusive evidence could be assembled for an attack on the inadequacies of divorce law or the causes of marital breakdown. This left social engineers, already struggling against the inertia of archaic precedents, in a position where neither the status quo nor their reforms could be justified

Topographic organization of V1 projections through the corpus callosum in humans.

The visual cortex in each hemisphere is linked to the opposite hemisphere by axonal projections that pass through the splenium of the corpus callosum. Visual-callosal connections in humans and macaques are found along the V1/V2 border where the vertical meridian is represented. Here we identify the topography of V1 vertical midline projections through the splenium within six human subjects with normal vision using diffusion-weighted MR imaging and probabilistic diffusion tractography. Tractography seed points within the splenium were classified according to their estimated connectivity profiles to topographic subregions of V1, as defined by functional retinotopic mapping. First, we report a ventral-dorsal mapping within the splenium with fibers from ventral V1 (representing the upper visual field) projecting to the inferior-anterior corner of the splenium and fibers from dorsal V1 (representing the lower visual field) projecting to the superior-posterior end. Second, we also report an eccentricity gradient of projections from foveal-to-peripheral V1 subregions running in the anterior-superior to posterior-inferior direction, orthogonal to the dorsal-ventral mapping. These results confirm and add to a previous diffusion MRI study (Dougherty et al., 2005) which identified a dorsal/ventral mapping of human splenial fibers. These findings yield a more detailed view of the structural organization of the splenium than previously reported and offer new opportunities to study structural plasticity in the visual system

Phase relationship between the long-time beats of free induction decays and spin echoes in solids

Recent theoretical work on the role of microscopic chaos in the dynamics and relaxation of many-body quantum systems has made several experimentally confirmed predictions about the systems of interacting nuclear spins in solids, focusing, in particular, on the shapes of spin echo responses measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). These predictions were based on the idea that the transverse nuclear spin decays evolve in a manner governed at long times by the slowest decaying eigenmode of the quantum system, analogous to a chaotic resonance in a classical system. The present paper extends the above investigations both theoretically and experimentally. On the theoretical side, the notion of chaotic eigenmodes is used to make predictions about the relationships between the long-time oscillation phase of the nuclear free induction decay (FID) and the amplitudes and phases of spin echoes. On the experimental side, the above predictions are tested for the nuclear spin decays of F-19 in CaF2 crystals and Xe-129 in frozen xenon. Good agreement between the theory and the experiment is found.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures, significant new experimental content in comparison with version

The Stripe 82 1-2 GHz Very Large Array Snapshot Survey: Multiwavelength Counterparts

We have combined spectrosopic and photometric data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with $1.4$ GHz radio observations, conducted as part of the Stripe 82 $1-2$ GHz Snapshot Survey using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), which covers $\sim100$ sq degrees, to a flux limit of 88 $\mu$Jy rms. Cross-matching the $11\,768$ radio source components with optical data via visual inspection results in a final sample of $4\,795$ cross-matched objects, of which $1\,996$ have spectroscopic redshifts and $2\,799$ objects have photometric redshifts. Three previously undiscovered Giant Radio Galaxies (GRGs) were found during the cross-matching process, which would have been missed using automated techniques. For the objects with spectroscopy we separate radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and star-forming galaxies (SFGs) using three diagnostics and then further divide our radio-loud AGN into the HERG and LERG populations. A control matched sample of HERGs and LERGs, matched on stellar mass, redshift and radio luminosity, reveals that the host galaxies of LERGs are redder and more concentrated than HERGs. By combining with near-infrared data, we demonstrate that LERGs also follow a tight $K-z$ relationship. These results imply the LERG population are hosted by population of massive, passively evolving early-type galaxies. We go on to show that HERGs, LERGs, QSOs and star-forming galaxies in our sample all reside in different regions of a WISE colour-colour diagram. This cross-matched sample bridges the gap between previous `wide but shallow' and `deep but narrow' samples and will be useful for a number of future investigations.Comment: 17 pages, 19 figures. Resubmitted to MNRAS after the initial comment

Population Differences in Death Rates in HIV-Positive Patients with Tuberculosis.

SETTING: Randomised controlled clinical trial of Mycobacterium vaccae vaccination as an adjunct to anti-tuberculosis treatment in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients with smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) in Lusaka, Zambia, and Karonga, Malawi. OBJECTIVE: To explain the difference in mortality between the two trial sites and to identify risk factors for death among HIV-positive patients with TB. DESIGN: Information on demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiographic characteristics was collected. Patients in Lusaka (667) and in Karonga (84) were followed up for an average of 1.56 years. Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to assess differences in survival between the two sites and to determine risk factors associated with mortality during and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. RESULTS: The case fatality rate was 14.7% in Lusaka and 21.4% in Karonga. The hazard ratio for death comparing Karonga to Lusaka was 1.47 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9-2.4) during treatment and 1.76 (95%CI 1.0-3.0) after treatment. This difference could be almost entirely explained by age and more advanced HIV disease among patients in Karonga. CONCLUSION: It is important to understand the reasons for population differences in mortality among patients with TB and HIV and to maximise efforts to reduce mortality

Developing the role of the sports dentist

Sports dentistry has traditionally focused on orofacial trauma. There is now increasing evidence that participation in sport, particularly at elite level, may significantly increase the risks to oral health. The negative impact of poor oral health on athlete-reported wellbeing and performance is clear. The risks to athlete oral health can and should be mitigated and the role of the sports dentist is evolving to meet these new challenges. Custom-made mouthguards provide protection against orofacial trauma and potentially, concussion. Oral health screening should be included in athlete pre-season preparation. As integrated members of the athlete support team, dentists and dental care professionals can provide sport-specific oral health advice, encouraging athletes to take ownership of their oral health. The potential for translational health and wellbeing benefits to the wider population is also substantial, particularly with youth groups and recreational athletes. Sports dentistry requires distinctive skills. A UK-wide network of dentists and other oral health professionals with an interest in sport is important, to ensure that both appropriate advice and treatment is evidence-based and to further develop the research and clinical foundations

Teachers' feedback practices in COVID-19: Has anything changed?

OBJECTIVES: Feedback delivered by teachers to dental students has a profound impact on students' ongoing learning and development. The aim of this study was to investigate changes to feedback practices as a result of the global COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing challenges to delivering quality dental education. METHODS: This was a mixed method study. Quantitative data were collected through a bespoke questionnaire delivered to attendees of the Association for Dental Education in Europe (ADEE) annual conference. Qualitative data were collected via four focus groups at the conference, each discussing a particular theme. The questionnaire and conference were delivered online via Gmail and MS Teams, respectively. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively; qualitative data were analysed narratively, and both were triangulated. RESULTS: 67 questionnaire responses were received which represented a 26% response rate. Respondents came from 12 different countries within Europe and beyond and reported having a variety of roles in their dental schools. 77.6% (n = 52) respondents indicated they had changed their delivery of feedback due to the pandemic. One-third of respondents reported giving more feedback and 76% (n = 51) increased their quantity of feedback delivered online. The increased incidence of online learning had resulted in a greater emphasis on teaching small groups, increased use of technology, increased emphasis on student centred learning and heightened awareness of changing the style of feedback delivery. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic has enforced rapid changes to the delivery of feedback by teachers to dental students, which could pave the way for a more positive, inclusive, individualistic and effective approach for delivering feedback now and in the future. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a significant shift from face-to-face teaching to online tuition, which promoted a need to re-evaluate the best method of delivering feedback to students. The ongoing changes in teaching approaches have a profound impact on clinical skills acquisition for dental students. The quality of the feedback students receive may help to enhance the synergies between theoretical online teaching and hands-on clinical skills acquisition, which has been altered and disrupted due to the ongoing pandemic