PROPOSED METHODOLOGY FOR IMPLEMENTING QUALITY METHODS AND TECHNIQUES IN MACEDONIAN COMPANIES

Providing quality in a business company is a matter related not only to the work done by individuals, but also with machines and the technology of the production processes as well. Therefore, it is necessary to provide statistical control in terms of estimating both the stability and the capability of production processes as well. However, control solely is not enough. A constant improvement of the processes by reducing the variants is necessary as well. Thus, it comes to the point that using SPC (Statistical Process Control) cannot be a mean of measuring the current performance. Instead, it provides a base for improvement of those processes. While designing the standard operative procedures, a suitable methodology for methods and techniques of SPC needs to be interposed, in order to perform a flawless production and methodology for optimization of costs. This paper provides a methodology proposal of SPC as a subsystem of the TQM (Total Quality Management) system that will assist managers in Macedonia in terms of designing a solid quality system. The proposed methodology provides a solid support of the top management, because the results gained from the outcomes of the partially implemented methods and techniques at some companies in Macedonia indicate that implementing SPC methodology and methodology of costs optimization can help achieving both the defined quality and better productivity by smallest costs. These methods have given same effects in number of diverse companies which refers to the universality of the proposed methodolog

Granular cell tumor of the breast: a case report and review of literature

A 22-year-old female patient presented with a breast mass lesion with a clinical suspicion of a fibroadenoma. Histological evaluation revealed a rare benign neoplasm - granular cell tumor

Audiometrijski nalazi pacijenata sa subjektivnim tinitusom

Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the absence of an external source. Most cases of tinnitus are associated with hearing loss expressed either in the audiogram or detected by more sensitive measures. The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence, type, and degree of hearing loss in patients with subjective tinnitus and to analyze the quality features and some tinnitus characteristics related to associated hearing loss. We analyzed audiometric, otoscopic fi ndings, and the medical reports of 1,046 patients, 573 males (54.8%) and 473 females (45.2%), aged 19 to 89 years. The patients were examined at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, City General Hospital “8-September”, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia, during the period from January 2014 to October 2015. For statistical data analysis, we used a chi-square test with a signifi cance level of p<0.05. Most of the patients were males aged 60 to 69 years (13.4%), but there was no signifi cant difference in age and gender distribution (p=0.156). The prevalence of hearing loss among these tinnitus patients was 91.9%. Most of the patients had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (58.2%), predominantly at high frequencies (p<0.00001), and described their tinnitus as high -pitch whistling. Bilateral tinnitus was the most common manifestation (59.4%), followed by left-sided unilateral tinnitus (22.8%). Acoustic trauma and noise-induced hearing loss were present in 27.8% of all patients with otological conditions. Most of the patients with subjective tinnitus have some degree of hearing loss. Bilateral, high-pitched tinnitus and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, predominantly at high frequencies, were the most common findings. Acoustic trauma and noise-induced hearing loss were the most common otological conditions, and noise-induced tinnitus was the most common type of tinnitus.Tinitus je percepcija zvuka u odsutnosti vanjskog izvora zvuka. U većini slučajeva tinitus je prisutan uz istovremeno oštećenje sluha. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi učestalost, vrstu i stupanj oštećenja sluha u pacijenata sa subjektivnim tinitusom te analizirati karakteristike tinitusa u odnosu na oštećenje sluha. Analizirali smo audiometrijske, otoskopske nalaze i medicinske izvještaje 1046 pacijenata, 573 muškaraca (54.8%) i 473 žena (45.2%), u dobi od 19 do 89 godina. Pacijenti su pregledani na Odjelu za otorinolaringologiju Gradske opće bolnice “8-mi Septemvri”, Skoplje, Republika Makedonija, u razdoblju od siječnja 2014. do listopada 2015. Statistička analiza podataka provedena je hi-kvadrat testom uz razinu značajnosti p<0.05. Većina pacijenata bili su muškarci u dobi od 60 do 69 godina (13.4%), ali nije bilo značajne razlike u distribuciji po dobi i spolu (p=0.156). Prevalencija gubitka sluha kod pacijenata s tinitusom bila je 91.9%. Većina pacijenata imala je bilateralni zamjedbeni gubitak sluha (58.2%), uglavnom na visokim frekvencijama (p<0.00001), te su opisivali svoj tinitus kao piskavi zvuk. Bilateralni tinitus bio je najčešće prisutan (59.4%), nakon čega slijedi lijevi jednostrani tinitus (22.8%). Akustična trauma i gubitak sluha izazvan bukom bili su prisutni u 27.8% svih otoloških stanja. Kod većine pacijenata sa subjektivnim tinitusom bio je prisutan neki stupanj gubitka sluha. Bilateralni, visoko frekventni tinitus i bilateralni zamjedbeni gubitak sluha, uglavnom na visokim frekvencijama, bili si najčešći nalazi. Akustična trauma i gubitak sluha izazvan bukom bili su najčešća otološka stanja, a tinitus izazvan bukom bio je najčešći tip tinitusa

Stock market efficiency in South Eastern Europe: testing return predictability and presence of calendar effects

This paper examines the calendar effects in ten South Eastern European (SEE) stock markets daily returns during the period 2007 - 2014. We focus on three calendar effects: the day of the week effect, the half month effect and the turn of the month effect. Specifically, we analyze existence of each calendar effect separately in the mean and in the volatility of the index returns. We apply standard regression models with dummy variables for the effects in the mean returns, while we apply GARCH(1,1) models with dummy variables for the effects in the volatility of returns. The results present evidence that the day of the week effects in both mean and volatility are present in nine out of ten SEE stock markets. Contrary, the half month effect in mean returns is present only in one SEE stock market, while half month effect in volatility is present in five out of ten SEE stock markets. The turn of the month effect in mean returns is present in six out of ten SEE stock markets. The turn of the month effect in volatility is present in all SEE stock markets

Hard Tissue Preservation after Tooth Extraction – a Case Report

Aim: Augmentation of edentulous alveolar ridge defects after tooth extraction can be classified as either hard or soft tissue. Hard tissue augmentation primary facilitate implant placement into bone – deficient ridges. Bones and teeth are the only structures within the body where calcium and phosphate participate as functional pillars. Despite their mineral nature, both organs are vital and dynamic. The aim was to remark the indications for alveolar augmentation after tooth extraction and prior placement of endo osseous dental implants. A case report: Patient 29 years old female visited our clinic. The diagnosis was chronic periodontitis of 36. The treatment plan included tooth extraction and alveolar ridge reconstruction in order to place the implant in a sufficient volume bone. After six months the control x-ray confirmed good bone regeneration and in that mean the implant placement with immediate loading was made. The local process of bone regeneration was stimulated and the chance of a good clinical output was increased. Results: advantages of alveolar ridge augmentation with sufficient bone volume to adjust for uncompromised and esthetic implant placement, renders these procedures more than effective for majority of patients. Conclusion: Surgical reconstruction of the tissues and the procedure of ridge augmentation and subsequent placement of dental implant are necessary