Programa intergeracional de estimulação cognitiva: Benefícios relatados por idosos e monitores participantes

We investigated the benefits perceived by older people and monitors participants of the intergenerational program intergenerational of maintenance, stimulation/rehabilitation cognitive, mediated by the use of computers and physical activity “Oficina da Lembrança”. We performed a descriptive qualitative research with ten elderly and six monitors participants of Oficina da Lembrança. We applied semi-structured interviews, which were interpreted by content analysis. The elderly related: learning the use of computers, improved memory, socialization, having leisure activity, weight loss, improved quality of life, health and socialization. Monitors: contact with elderly, improvement of the relationship with people and patients, preparation for different situations and acquiring more knowledge about the elderly. In conclusion, Oficina da Lembrança can provide several benefits to its practitioners and monitors, especially the intergenerationality.Investigaram-se os benefícios percebidos pelos idosos e monitores participantes do programa intergeracional de manutenção, estimulação e/ou reabilitação cognitiva, mediado pelo uso de computadores e prática de atividades físicas “Oficina da Lembrança”. Realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, com dez idosos e seis monitores participantes da Oficina da Lembrança. Aplicou-se entrevista semiestruturada, interpretada pela análise de conteúdo. Os idosos relataram: aprendizagem do uso de computadores, melhora da memória, sociabilização, ter atividade de lazer, emagrecimento, melhora da qualidade de vida, saúde e sociabilização. Monitores: contato com idosos, melhora da relação com pessoas/pacientes, preparação para situações diversas e conhecimentos sobre idosos. Conclui-se que a Oficina da Lembrança pode proporcionar vários benefícios para seus praticantes e para seus monitores, principalmente a intergeracionalidade

Associação entre o declínio cognitivo e níveis reduzidos de proteína-C reativa sérica em idosos

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Florianópolis, 2017.O envelhecimento relaciona-se a um estado de imunossenescência associado a inflamação de baixo grau que é relacionado a diversas doenças, dentre elas o declínio cognitivo. Assim, conhecer o impacto do declínio cognitivo nos níveis de marcadores inflamatórios, como a proteína C-reativa (PCR), pode auxiliar na identificação do perfil inflamatório em um grupo específico de idosos. O presente estudo investigou a distribuição de PCR, a incidência de declínio cognitivo clinicamente significativo e a associação entre essas variáveis em pessoas de 60 anos ou mais residentes no município de Florianópolis-SC. Realizou-se um estudo longitudinal com 533 idosos participantes da pesquisa de base populacional denominada EpiFloripa Idoso, utilizando-se dados avaliados na linha de base do estudo (2009/2010), no seguimento (2013/2014) e na etapa dos exames clínicos (2014/2015). A proteína C-reativa foi mensurada em 554 participantes permanecendo neste estudo apenas as pessoas com níveis menores e iguais a 10 mg/L. Para avaliar a correlação com outras variáveis independentes a PCR foi transformada em seu logaritmo natural, e seus quartis foram utilizados para estimar a associação deste marcador infamatório com o declínio cognitivo. A perda de quatro pontos ou mais no Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) entre a linha de base (2009-2010) e o seguimento do estudo (2013-2014) foi considerada como um declínio cognitivo clinicamente significativo. Foram desenvolvidos dois modelos de regressão logística multinomial para estimar a associação do declínio cognitivo como a variável de exposição e os quartis de PCR como desfecho do estudo. Observou-se que os 533 participantes possuíam em média 67,8 (DP=6,3) anos de idade e 8,6 (DP=5,8) anos de estudos. A incidência de declínio cognitivo clinicamente significativo entre a linha de base e o seguimento do estudo foi de 10,1%, com variação média de -6,39 (IC95%= -7,29;-5,48) pontos entre as duas avaliações. A mediana de PCR na amostra foi de 1,66 mg/L, com valores variando de 0,18 a 9,94 mg/L. O logaritmo natural de PCR apresentou correlação negativa com os escores do MEEM da primeira avaliação e com anos de estudo. Quando avaliadas características dos participantes segundo os quartis de PCR observaram-se que a proporção de hipertensos foi maior conforme aumentaram os níveis de PCR (p para tendência= 0,047), enquanto o contrário ocorreu com a aterosclerose, com menores proporções em quartis mais elevados (p para tendência= 0,042). Os valores médios do Índice de Massa Corporal (p para tendência Abstract : Aging is related to a state of immunosenescence associated with a low-grade inflammation condition that is connected to various diseases, among them is cognitive decline. Thus, knowing the impact of cognitive decline on levels of inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), can help in the identification of the inflammatory profiling of a specific group of elderly individuals. This study investigates the distribution of CRP, the incidence of clinically significant cognitive decline and the connection between these variables in people aged 60 and over in Florianópolis, SC. A longitudinal study of 533 elderly participants was conducted in the population-based EpiFloripa Ageing Cohort Study , using data evaluated from the baseline study (2009/2010), follow-up study (2013-2014) and the clinical examination stage (2014/2015). CRP was measured in 554 participants, with only those having levels less or equal to 10 mg/L remaining in this study. To evaluate the correlation with other independent variables the CRP was transformed into its natural logarithm and its quartiles were used to estimate the relationship of this inflammatory marker with cognitive decline. The loss of four or more points in the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), between the baseline (2009-2010) and follow-up (2013-2014) of the study, was considered as a clinically significant cognitive decline. Two models of multinomial logistic regression were developed to estimate the association between cognitive decline as the exposure variable and the CRP quartiles as the study outcome. It was noted that the 533 participants had, on average, 67.8 (SD= 6.3) years of age and 8.6 (SD= 5.8) years of schooling. The incidence of clinically significant cognitive decline between the baseline and follow-up of the study was 10,1%, with an average variation of -6,39 (IC95%= -7.29; -5.48) points between the two evaluations. The median CRP in the sample was 1.66 mg/L, with values ranging from 0.18 to 9.94 mg/L. The natural logarithm of the CRP showed a negative correlation with the first evaluation of the MMSE and years of study. When the characteristics of the participants, according to the quartiles of the CRP, it was noted that the proportion of hypertension was higher as CRP levels increased (p for tendency = 0.047), while the opposite occurred with atherosclerosis, with lower proportions in the higher quartiles (p for trend= 0.042). The mean values of the Body Mass Index (p for tendency < 0,001) and triglycerides (p for tendency= 0,001) were greater in higher levels of this inflammatory marker. It was identified that people with cognitive decline were on average older and had less years of schooling, when compared with the group without cognitive decline. Individuals with cognitive decline had a risk of 2.91 (IC95%= 1,25-6,76) times greater to remain in the second quartile of CRP (0,84 a 1,66 mg/L), when compared to the elderly who did not decline in the first quartile. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, this risk changed to 3.08 (IC95%= 1,32-7,18) times in this same quartile; no association was observed in the other quartiles of CRP. The results suggest that significant cognitive decline is related to an intermediate level of CRP, represented in this study by the second quartile of CRP. Thus, it is possible that the low levels of this inflammatory marker reflect the process of significant and continuous cognitive decline, which occurs prior to the dementia diagnosis, as well as a possible reduction of the inflammatory potential connected with aging

Association of objectively measured sedentary behavior and physical activity with cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the associations between sedentary behavior and different intensities of physical activity with cardiometabolic risk, and to analyze the simultaneous effect of excess sedentary behavior and recommended levels of physical activity on cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults.MethodsWe conducted a population-based cross-sectional study on a sample of older adults (60+) living in Florianopolis, Brazil. The objectively measured predictors were sedentary time, light physical activity and moderate to vigorous physical activity, and the outcomes were markers of cardiometabolic risk. Data were considered valid when the participant had used the accelerometer for at least four days per week.ResultsThe sample included 425 older adults (59.8% women), with a mean age of 73.9 years (95%CI: 73.5-74.4). Sedentary behavior was associated with lower systolic blood pressure levels (β = -0.03; 95%CI: -0.05; -0.01) and lower HDL cholesterol (β = -0.02; 95%CI: -0.02; -0.01). Light physical activity was not associated with any cardiovascular risk markers after adjustment. Each minute spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity was associated with lower waist circumference (β = -0.15; 95%CI: -0.24; -0.05), systolic blood pressure (β = -0.18; 95%CI: -0.32; -0.04) and plasma glucose (β = -0.18; 95%CI: -0.33;-0.02), and with higher HDL cholesterol (β = 0.10; 95%CI: 0.01; 0.18). Moreover, physically inactive and sedentary individuals had a greater mean waist circumference and lower HDL cholesterol than physically active and non-sedentary subjects.ConclusionThe results suggest that moderate to vigorous physical activity have a positive impact on cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults. Light physical activity does not appear to have a beneficial effect on the cardiometabolic markers, and despite the benefits provided by the different intensities of physical activity, the simultaneous presence of sedentary behavior and low physical activity level was associated with poor cardiometabolic risk markers