cDNA clones isolated from the mL3 cDNA library.

a<p>, % abundance of clone in the <i>O. volvulus</i> EST dataset as reported previously <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000800#pntd.0000800-LizotteWaniewski1" target="_blank">[12]</a>.</p

cDNA clones isolated from the L3 cDNA library.

a<p>, % abundance of clone in the <i>O. volvulus</i> EST dataset as reported previously <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000800#pntd.0000800-LizotteWaniewski1" target="_blank">[12]</a>.</p

Effect of mono-specific human anti-<i>Ov</i>-CPI-2 antibodies on L3 molting and viability in the presence of normal human neutrophils.

a<p><i>O. volvulus</i> L3 were cultured in complete medium alone or in complete medium containing negative control antibodies purified from the same serum donor using a λgt11 lysate column or mono-specific antibodies to r<i>Ov</i>-CPI-2 in the presence of 2×10⁵ normal human neutrophils per well for 6 days. Larval molting and viability were determined as described under the “<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000800#s2" target="_blank">Materials & Methods</a>” section. Three experiments were performed, where each consisted of a total of 10 wells per treatment group with 5 larvae per well. The results are the mean ± SEM and the range of the three experiments.</p><p>*Significance between groups was determined by unpaired t test with Welch's correction with <i>p</i> = 0.007 between medium control and the anti-<i>Ov</i>-CPI-2 group and <i>p</i> = 0.028 between the negative antibodies and the anti-<i>Ov</i>-CPI-2 group.</p><p>**There is no significant difference between the three groups.</p

Human IgG sub-classes and IgE class antibody responses to recombinant <i>Ov</i>-CPI-2 in the PI and the INF.

<p>The median IgG1, IgG3, IgG4 and IgE responses to r<i>Ov</i>-CPI-2 in the PI (N = 21) and INF subjects (N = 21) are indicated with short, solid horizontal lines. The median IgG1 and IgG4 responses are significantly higher in the INF (<i>P</i> = 0.03 and 0.04 respectively) than in the PI.</p

The correlation of IgG sub-classes and IgE class responses to r<i>Ov</i>-CPI-2 in infected patients with age: Maintenance of high IgG1 (a) and IgE (c) responses regardless of age; (b) Positive correlation between IgG3 levels and age (r = 0.241; <i>P</i> = 0.0013).

<p>The correlation of IgG sub-classes and IgE class responses to r<i>Ov</i>-CPI-2 in infected patients with age: Maintenance of high IgG1 (a) and IgE (c) responses regardless of age; (b) Positive correlation between IgG3 levels and age (r = 0.241; <i>P</i> = 0.0013).</p

Phytochemical analysis for TIL_mc, LCL_hex, and LCL_mc extracts.

<p>Phytochemical analysis for TIL_mc, LCL_hex, and LCL_mc extracts.</p

Comparison of the effect of different extracts and concentrations on the mean activity of <i>O</i>. <i>ochengi</i> females.

<p>Comparison of the effect of different extracts and concentrations on the mean activity of <i>O</i>. <i>ochengi</i> females.</p

Graphical representation of IC₅₀ and IC₁₀₀ of active extracts against microfilariae of <i>L</i>. <i>loa</i> compared to the values for <i>O</i>. <i>ochengi</i>.

<p>(TIL_mc: methylene chloride extract from <i>Tamarindus indica</i> leaves; LCL_hex: hexane extract from <i>Lantana camara</i> leaves; LCL_mc: methylene chloride extract from <i>Lantana camara</i> leaves).</p

Percentage yields and IC₅₀s of the extracts in secondary screens for the male, female and microfilariae (mf) of <i>Onchocerca ochengi</i> and the mf of <i>Loa loa</i>.

<p>Percentage yields and IC₅₀s of the extracts in secondary screens for the male, female and microfilariae (mf) of <i>Onchocerca ochengi</i> and the mf of <i>Loa loa</i>.</p

Comparison of the effect of different extracts and concentrations on the mean activity of <i>O</i>. <i>ochengi</i> males.

<p>Comparison of the effect of different extracts and concentrations on the mean activity of <i>O</i>. <i>ochengi</i> males.</p