1,106 research outputs found
Productivity Dynamics across European Regions: the Impact of Structural and Cohesion Funds
This paper analyzes the impact of the European Union regional policy of the three
programming periods 1975-1988, 1989-1993 and 1994-1999 on the dynamics of productivity of European regions. On average, funding had a positive, but concave,
e\ufb00ect on productivity growth. In particular, a share of funds on GVA of 10% GVA
is estimated to raise the regional growth rate of about 0.9% per year. However, by
separately considering the three programming periods and the composition of the
funds according to the objectives de\ufb01ned by the EU, we \ufb01nd that: i) only the funds
allocated in the second and third programming periods, when they remarkably increased, had a signi\ufb01cant impact; and ii) only Objective 1 and Cohesion funds played
a signi\ufb01cantly positive impact, while funds devoted to Objectives 2, 3, 4 and 5 had a
negative or non signi\ufb01cant impact. The results are robust to potential endogeneity
of funds and spatial dependence
as a discovery tool for bosons at the LHC
The Forward-Backward Asymmetry (AFB) in physics is commonly only
perceived as the observable which possibly allows one to interpret a
signal by distinguishing different models of such (heavy) spin-1 bosons. In
this article, we examine the potential of AFB in setting bounds on or even
discovering a at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and show that it
might be a powerful tool for this purpose. We analyze two different scenarios:
s with a narrow and wide width, respectively. We find that in both
cases AFB can complement the cross section in accessing signals.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1503.0267
Deep and Proximate Determinants of the World Income Distribution
This paper studies the deep and proximate determinants of the evolution of the cross-country distribution of GDP per worker in the period 1960–2008 by a novel method based on an information criterion. We find that countries of our sample follow three distinctive growth regimes identified by two deep determinants, namely life expectancy at birth in 1960 and the share of Catholics in 1965, and that each regime is characterized by non-linearities. Growth regimes appear to be the main cause of the increased inequality and polarization, while technological catch-up, proxied by the initial level of GDP per worker, acts in the opposite direction. Finally, human capital marginally reduces polarization, while investment rates and employment growth have no distributional effect
On the Determinants of Distribution Dynamics
n this paper we propose a novel approach to identify the impact
of growth determinants on the distribution dynamics of productivit
y. Our approach integrates counterfactual analysis with the estima
tion of stochastic kernels. The counterfactuals are constructed from
a semi-parametric growth regression, in which the cross-section heterogeneity in the growth determinants is removed. The methodology also allows us to test for potential distributional effects in the residuals. We illustrate the usefulness of the proposed methodology by an application to a cross-section of countries, which highlights the significant impact on inequality and polarization in the world productivity distribution of growth determinants from an augmented Solow model
Counterfactual Distribution Dynamics across European Regions
This paper proposes a methodology which combines elements of parametric regression analysis with the nonparametric distribution dynamics approach in order to
analyse the role of some variables in the convergence of productivity across European regions over the period 1980-2002. We find that the initial productivity
crucially accounts in the convergence process across European regions. Differently,
employment growth seems not to play a role, while the Structural and Cohesion
Funds seem to play a positive role, even though such effect seems to be very low and
statistically significant only at the low bound of the range of initial productivity.
The structural change of regional economies plays a positive role, but such effect is
statistically significant only for the least productive regions. The output composition of a region in 1980 affects the convergence process of productivity growth in
several ways. In particular, the share of non market services on output acts like a
source of convergence from 1980 to 2002 but in the long-run it plays a negligible
role. Finally, the share of finance acts like a force of divergence across European
regions, especially for the least productive regions
On the Determinants of Distribution Dynamics
n this paper we propose a novel approach to identify the impact
of growth determinants on the distribution dynamics of productivit
y. Our approach integrates counterfactual analysis with the estima
tion of stochastic kernels. The counterfactuals are constructed from
a semi-parametric growth regression, in which the cross-section heterogeneity in the growth determinants is removed. The methodology also allows us to test for potential distributional effects in the residuals. We illustrate the usefulness of the proposed methodology by an application to a cross-section of countries, which highlights the significant impact on inequality and polarization in the world productivity distribution of growth determinants from an augmented Solow model
Experimental characterization of the inner surface in micro-drilling of spray holes: A comparison between ultrashort pulsed laser and EDM
In this research, the inner surface characteristics of micro-drilled holes of fuel injector nozzles were analyzed by Shear Force Microscopy (SHFM). The surface texture was characterized by maximum peak-to-valley distance and periodicity whose dimensions were related to the adopted energy. 180 μm diameter holes were drilled using ultrashort pulsed laser process using pulse energies within the range of 10-50 μJ. Laser ablated surfaces in the tested energy range offer a smooth texture with a peculiar periodic structure with a variation in height between 60 and 90 nm and almost constant periodicity. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) photograph of the Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structure (LIPSS) showed the co-existence of Low Spatial Frequency LIPSS (LSFL) and High Spatial Frequency LIPSS (HSFL). A comparative analysis was carried out between the highest laser pulse energy in the tested range energy laser drilling which enables the shortest machining time and micro-Electrical Discharge Machining (μ-EDM). On the contrary, results showed that surfaces obtained by electro-erosion are characterized by a random distribution of craters with a total excursion up to 1.5 μm with a periodicity of 10 μm. The mean-squared surface roughness (Rq) derived from the scanned maps ranges between 220 and 560 nm for μ-EDM, and between 50 and 100 nm for fs-pulses laser drilling
Electroweak superpartner production at 13.6 TeV with Resummino
Due to the greater experimental precision expected from the currently ongoing
LHC Run 3, equally accurate theoretical predictions are essential. We update
the documentation of the Resummino package, a program dedicated to precision
cross section calculations for the production of a pair of sleptons,
electroweakinos, and leptons in the presence of extra gauge bosons, and for the
production of an associated electroweakino-squark or electroweakino-gluino
pair. We detail different additions that have been released since the initial
version of the program a decade ago, and then use the code to investigate the
impact of threshold resummation corrections at the
next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy. As an illustration of the code we
consider the production of pairs of electroweakinos and sleptons at the LHC for
centre-of-mass energies ranging up to 13.6 TeV and in simplified model
scenarios. We find slightly increased total cross section values, accompanied
by a significant decrease of the associated theoretical uncertainties.
Furthermore, we explore the dependence of the results on the squark masses.Comment: 30 pages, 5 figure
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