Numerical analysis of the master equation

Applied to the master equation, the usual numerical integration methods, such as Runge-Kutta, become inefficient when the rates associated with various transitions differ by several orders of magnitude. We introduce an integration scheme that remains stable with much larger time increments than can be used in standard methods. When only the stationary distribution is required, a direct iteration method is even more rapid; this method may be extended to construct the quasi-stationary distribution of a process with an absorbing state. Applications to birth-and-death processes reveal gains in efficiency of two or more orders of magnitude.Comment: 7 pages 3 figure

Anisotropic KPZ growth in 2+1 dimensions: fluctuations and covariance structure

In [arXiv:0804.3035] we studied an interacting particle system which can be also interpreted as a stochastic growth model. This model belongs to the anisotropic KPZ class in 2+1 dimensions. In this paper we present the results that are relevant from the perspective of stochastic growth models, in particular: (a) the surface fluctuations are asymptotically Gaussian on a sqrt(ln(t)) scale and (b) the correlation structure of the surface is asymptotically given by the massless field.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Competition interfaces and second class particles

The one-dimensional nearest-neighbor totally asymmetric simple exclusion process can be constructed in the same space as a last-passage percolation model in Z^2. We show that the trajectory of a second class particle in the exclusion process can be linearly mapped into the competition interface between two growing clusters in the last-passage percolation model. Using technology built up for geodesics in percolation, we show that the competition interface converges almost surely to an asymptotic random direction. As a consequence we get a new proof for the strong law of large numbers for the second class particle in the rarefaction fan and describe the distribution of the asymptotic angle of the competition interface.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117905000000080 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

A model for multifragmentation in heavy-ion reactions

From an experimental point of view, clear signatures of multifragmentation have been detected by different experiments. On the other hand, from a theoretical point of view, many different models, built on the basis of totally different and often even contrasting assumptions, have been provided to explain them. In this contribution we show the capabilities and the shortcomings of one of this models, a QMD code developed by us and coupled to the nuclear de-excitation module taken from the multipurpose transport and interaction code FLUKA, in reproducing the multifragmentation observations recently reported by the INDRA collaboration for the reaction Nb + Mg at a 30 MeV/A projectile bombarding energy. As far as fragment production is concerned, we also briefly discuss the isoscaling technique by considering reactions characterized by a different isospin asymmetry, and we explain how the QMD + FLUKA model can be applied to obtain information on the slope of isotopic yield ratios, which is crucially related to the symmetry energy of asymmetric nuclear matter.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Proc. 12th International Conference on Nuclear Reaction Mechanisms, Varenna, Italy, June 15 - 19 200

Particle tracking in the ILC extraction lines with DIMAD and BDSIM

The study of beam transport is of central importance to the design and performance assessment of modern particle accelerators. In this paper, we benchmark two contemporary codes, DIMAD and BDSIM, the latter being a relatively new tracking code built within the framework of GEANT4. We consider both the 20 mrad and 2 mrad extraction lines of the 500 GeV International Linear Collider (ILC) and we perform particle tracking studies of heavily disrupted post-collision electron beams. We find that the two codes give an almost equivalent description of the beam transport

Benchmarking of Tracking Codes (BDSIM/DIMAD) using the ILC Extraction Lines

The study of beam transport is of central importance to the design and performance assessment of modern particle accelerators. In this work, we benchmark two contemporary codes - DIMAD and BDSIM, the latter being a relatively new tracking code built within the framework of GEANT4. We consider both the 20 mrad and 2 mrad extraction lines of the International Linear Collider (ILC) and we perform tracking studies of heavily disrupted post-collision electron beams. We find that the two codes mostly give an equivalent description of the beam transport.Comment: Contribution to the Tenth European Particle Accelerator Conference `"EPAC'06'', Edinburgh, United-Kingdom, 26-30 June 200

High energy extension of the FLUKA atmospheric neutrino flux

The atmospheric neutrino flux calculated with FLUKA was originally limited to 100-200 GeV for statistical reasons. In order to make it available for the analysis of high energy events, like upward through-going muons detected by neutrino telescopes, we have extended the calculation so to provide a reliable neutrino yield per primary nucleon up to about 10**6 GeV/nucleon, as far as the interaction model is concerned. We point out that the primary flux model above 100 GeV/nucleon still contributes with an important systematic error to the neutrino flux.Comment: Extended version (10 pages) of the contribution to ICRC 2003, with the addition of flux table

Model checking usage policies

We study usage automata, a formal model for specifying policies on the usage of resources. Usage automata extend finite state automata with some additional features, parameters and guards, that improve their expressivity. We show that usage automata are expressive enough to model policies of real-world applications. We discuss their expressive power, and we prove that the problem of telling whether a computation complies with a usage policy is decidable. The main contribution of this paper is a model checking technique for usage automata. The model is that of usages, i.e. basic processes that describe the possible patterns of resource access and creation. In spite of the model having infinite states, because of recursion and resource creation, we devise a polynomial-time model checking technique for deciding when a usage complies with a usage policy

Entanglement, which-way measurements, and a quantum erasure

We present a didactical approach to the which-way experiment and the counterintuitive effect of the quantum erasure for one-particle quantum interferences. The fundamental concept of entanglement plays a central role and highlights the complementarity between quantum interference and knowledge of which path is followed by the particle.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; with some clarifications and added reference